In this paper， aiming at the separation phenomenon of Gamma curve of dual-screen display products， the mechanism was studied through experimental verification such as physical analysis， electrical experiments， process data and adjustment of process conditions， as well as a large number of verification data. Through experimental measurements， it was known that there were differences in the cell gap and the pixel electrode CD between the upper and lower screens， resulting in differences in the transmittance of the upper and lower screens， then resulting in differences in Gamma between the upper and lower screens. Through process investigation and verification， it was found that the difference in the cell gap and the pixel electrode CD was caused by the influence of equipment hardware， resulting in poor uniformity of the adhesive starting position；and finally the process of sealing the upper and lower screens was achieved， the optimized film thickness was introduced and the pixel electrode CD increase process within the fluctuation range was improved. The Gamma curve separation defect was completely improved （defect rate of 12%） and the screen display quality of the product was improved.

Simulation software was used to simulate the temperature distribution of the module and each component， and the simulation process of heat and the correctness of the simulation results were studied. Firstly， simulation software was used to analyze the heat dissipation of the module to obtain the temperature distribution of the module and each component. Then， the module was placed in a 25 ℃ incubator， and the temperature was measured of the random points on the surface of the module and OC by a multiple temperature detector. Finally， the simulated temperature was compared with the measured temperature， the temperature rise error value was calculated， and the difference between the measured value and the simulation value was compared through the temperature rise error value，to verify the correctness of the simulation results. By comparing and analyzing the experimental results and the simulation results， it was concluded that： when the module operated stably at the room temperature， there was little difference between the simulation value and the actual measured value， and the maximum temperature rise error was 3.5%， which was relatively small. The simulation results had theoretical reference and met the engineering design requirements.

The corner white Mura issue of product “A” produced in line 6 generation was systematically studied. Firstly， the physical analysis was carried out for the defects， and then the data simulation analysis was carried out by using the binary logistic regression method of Minitab software. Finally， the defects were analyzed and improved through different process test conditions. The experimental results showed that the sealant in defect region was sheltered by metal wiring， and the shielding proportion was an important factor affecting the corner white dot. Further analysis by TOF-SIMS showed that defect region had higher content of sealant （acrylic acid， bisphenol A）. Thus， the sealant was sheltered by metal wiring， resulting in incomplete curing of the sealant in this region， leading to the precipitation of the sealant component into the liquid crystal， which then affected the normal deflection of the liquid crystal， resulting in white dot in the corner at last. By adjusting the corner of the sealant painting， it could effectively reduce the defect rate. This experiment effectively improved the corner white dot， laid a firm foundation for the smooth mass production of product “A”， and reduced the loss of the company.

IGZO TFT is a typical representative of metal oxide TFT. The basic characteristics of IGZO-TFT devices and the influencing factors of electrical instability were analyzed. In the study of influencing factors， a reasonable explanation was given for the dependence between the film performance of the active protective layer and the electrical properties of TFT. And the preparation method of the active protective layer was optimized through experimental verification， which could solve the problem of poor display of left shift of TFT switch threshold voltage caused by the density of the active protective layer SiO2. At the same time， the relationship between the characteristics of PECVD SiO2 films and the important factors of deposition based on IGZO-TFT was also summarized.

Aiming at the problems of cumbersome calibration process and low calibration accuracy of lidar and visible light camera， a joint calibration method of lidar and visible light camera based on EPnP algorithm was proposed. Firstly， an image feature points extraction method based on prior information was proposed. The coordinates of feature points in visible light image were calculated accurately by using the color information and the edge contour information of the calibration plate； Secondly， the feature points in 3D point cloud were extracted accurately according to the size information and edge contour information of the calibration plate by using the feature points extraction method based on line fitting proposed in this paper； Finally， the matching feature points extracted from the synchronous visible light image and the lidar three-dimensional point cloud were used as the input of the EPnP algorithm to solve the external parameter matrix between the lidar and the visible light camera. The experimental results showed that， compared with the Autoware calibration toolbox widely used in the industry， the proposed method could achieve higher calibration accuracy and simplify the tedious calibration process.

With the development of display devices towards high resolution and high refresh rate， the amount of video image data was increasing exponentially， which brought challenges to the bandwidth resources of the display system. From the perspective of human visual system， combining the change of the gaze point position and the sampling characteristics of the human eye foveal， an adaptive foveal image transmission algorithm based on human eye gaze point was proposed to reduce the data transmission bandwidth. The experimental results showed when the viewing distance was 2 and the gaze point position was at the center of the image， the comprehensive compression ratio was 12.257， the data transmission clock frequency was 12.532 MHz， and the total amount of data transmitted was 8.158% of the original total. The total amount of data transmission was greatly reduced， and the pressure on data transmission bandwidth was effectively relieved， so that video images with higher resolution and refresh rate could be displayed under the same clock frequency.

In order to solve the practical problem between fast speed of optical switch and slow speed of drive control circuit ， a design method of driving and controlling circuit for large-scale optical switch array was presented. High level or low level amplitude of the drive and control circuit could be arbitrarily adjusted by using FPGA to control the digital to analog converter and high-speed switch， which was creative. The new design principle of large-scale optical switch array drive control circuit was introduced completely through the combination of overall design， circuit design and software design. Finally， the test showed that the switching speed of the control circuit was less than 2 ns.

A Sb2S3-based transistor was fabricated to simulate synaptic behavior under optoelectronic stimuli. Channel conductance of the transistor could be controlled by optoelectronic stimuli through the gate. Additionally， the device was able to simulate long-term potential， paired-pulse depression， Pavlov's dog learning and extinction， and spike-timing dependent plasticity.

Aiming at the problem of insufficient detection accuracy of complex beach small object tourists， a beach small object tourist detection method based on multi-layer feature map information fusion was proposed， and the context and feature map information was used to improve the detection rate of small object tourists. Firstly， GCSAM structure was proposed by combining the more comprehensive and effective GAM attention mechanism idea with CSP structure. The GCSAM structure was used to enhance the cross-latitude receptive field of YOLOv5 backbone. The backbone network was focused on small object feature learning. Secondly， the PANet structure was replaced by BIFPN structure in YOLOv5 network to complete transmission of feature information across layers at the neck network， more context was included in the feature map. Finally， the power transform was used to improve CIOU_Loss to Alpha-CIOU_Loss in YOLOv5 network， and the regression accuracy of prediction frame was effectively improved. Experimental results showed that in comparison with original YOLOv5 network， the precision was improved by 2.00%， the recall was improved by 5.33%， and the mean average precision was improved by 4.36% with real-time requirements. Moreover， this method had better robustness in the case of dense tourists， occlusion， and smaller objects.

A broken wire detection system of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe （PCCP） pipeline combined with phase‑sensitive optical time domain reflectometry （Φ‑OTDR） and Mach‑Zehnder interferometer （MZI） which reduced the amount of data computation by 40% through inducing optimized in‑phase quadrature （IQ） demodulation algorithm was designed. The results of the experiment showed 20 kHz frequency response and ±2 m spatial positioning error over 20 km long fiber for single-end measurement which indicated the system could position broken wire incidents along long distance and distinguish characteristic frequencies of vibration incidents. The proposed method provided a reliable technical means for online structure health detection with full lifecycle coverage of PCCP pipeline.

An electro-optic switch was developed based on the lithium niobate on insulator （LNOI） platform. The structure of the LNOI waveguide， multimode interferometer （MMI） coupler and metal electrodes were carefully designed. The fabricated electro-optic switch chip was coupled with optical fiber arrays and packaged by using metal shell. The measured on-off switch time was less than 13.4 ns and the extinction ratio was about 31.8 dB. The results showed that LNOI based electro-optic switch was an excellent candidate for developing high performance integrated optical beamforming network chips used in microwave photonic radars.

The etching mechanism of Cu/Ti etchant and the change of etchant concentration was experimentally analyzed. On the basis， the changing curve of etchant concentration was clearly checked by experimental results. The control method of Cu/Ti etchant concentration was also suggested. And then， the life time and stability of Cu/Ti etchant was obvious improved，providing some reference for the research and production of related field.

A metal bonding technology was proposed for Au-Au thin films under atmospheric and low temperature conditions. And the effect of activation treatment time on the surface roughness of Au-Au films， the bonding quality and reliability of Au-Au films were studied. The experimental results showed that the surface roughness of the Au film first decreased and then increased with the increase of the surface activation treatment time. When the surface activation treatment time reached 20 min， the root mean square of the surface roughness of the Au film was 6.9 nm， the number of dangling bonds and the roughness could achieve a relatively balanced relationship， the average shear strength of the Au-Au film after bonding was 131.8 MPa， and the maximum shear strength was as high as 159.1 MPa. Therefore， the ideal surface activation treatment time of Au film surface could effectively improve the bonding quality and stability of Au-Au film， and provide theoretical guidance for the realization of low-temperature metal bonding of hybrid integrated Micro-LED devices.

High-power LED headlights adopt fans for forced convection heat dissipation. Aiming at the problem that the size of the surrounding space of fans could affect the heat dissipation performance of headlights， finite element simulation， uniform design method and response surface analysis were combined to carry out the optimization research. Firstly， the finite element software FloEFD was used to study the influence of three design parameters on the heat dissipation performance of the high-power LED headlight air cooling system： the radial distance between the fan shield and the wall （A）， the distance between the fan inlet and the wall （B）， and the distance between the fan outlet and the radiator （C）. Then， the uniform design method was used to design the test scheme for response surface analysis， and the regression model between the three parameters and LED solder joint temperature was fitted， and the influence of the three parameters on the system heat dissipation performance was determined by Pareto analysis method. Finally， the response optimizer of Minitab software was used to minimize the LED junction temperature， and the optimal combination of three parameters was confirmed to be 8.4 mm for A， 16.3 mm for B， and 4.3 mm for C. Through the experiment of the best combination， it showed that the combination had the best heat dissipation performance. At the same time， the simulation and experimental results were consistent， verifying the reliability of the simulation.

In order to improve the display brightness and view uniformity of the vector light field， a metagrating structure for circularly polarized light field imaging was proposed. The effect of incident light polarization state， grating structure and incident angle on the diffraction efficiency of -1st order light were studied by simulating the structure of metagrating pixel by pixel using a rigorous coupled wave analysis method. The simulation results showed that the circularly polarized light display could make the diffraction efficiency of the grating stable and efficient. When the grating period was 500 nm， the diffraction efficiency of the grating structure based on the circular polarized light increased by 18.5% and 2.6% compared with TE and TM. The height and duty cycle of grating had a significant impact on the diffraction efficiency. Considering the difficulty of metagrating fabrication， diffraction efficiency and viewing angle uniformity， metagratings array structure with the height of 0.6 μm and duty cycle of 0.4 was designed for circular polarization. The diffraction efficiency of the system could reach more than 40%， and it had better comprehensive performance， which was a guideline for metagrating design and preparation， as well as naked-eye 3D display.

A method based on deep feature to reconstruct face images was proposed in this paper. The deep features were first embedded into the W+ space of StyleGAN2， and the embedded w+ vector was optimized by gradient descent and fed into a pre-trained StyleGAN2 model to generate face image with resolution of 1 024×1 024. The experimental results showed that the reconstructed images had high visual similarity with the corresponding real face images. When using the same extraction network， the type-Ⅱevaluation TAR of the reconstructed images from LFW and ColorFeret datasets was 96.04% and 100.00% respectively when the FAR was equal to 0.1%， and the pass rates of liveness detection were 88.67% and 74.67% in two products. The proposed method could reconstruct face images in high resolution and achieve high feature similarity between real and generated face images.

Based on the interference principle of conjugated vortex beams， the relationship between the rotation angle and displacement of the interference image was theoretically analyzed， and the feasibility of the theory by optical simulation system was verified. An interferometer composed of a spatial light modulator and an improved Mach-Zehnder interferometer was designed to measure the displacement of the nano-displacement stage using the conjugated vortex beams with different topological charges.The experimental results showed that when the displacement was 100 nm， 200 nm and 250 nm， the relative error was the smallest when the topological charge was 3， which was 2.19 %， 1.28 % and 1.27 %， respectively. The research results were helpful to improve the accuracy of displacement measurement based on conjugated vortex beams interference.

In this paper， the selective substrate removal technology after the silicon-based metal monolithic bonding was used. The （100） crystalline silicon was bonded to （111） crystalline silicon at high temperature by hot-pressure bonding technology. The （100） crystalline silicon substrate was protected by polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS）. Then， the （111） crystalline silicon substrate was roughened to accelerate the etching rate. Finally， the （111） crystalline silicon substrate was removed by the wet selective etching. The （111） crystalline silicon substrate of GaN epitaxial substrates was selectively removed with saving the Si-based driver chip. It is a new technology for the mixing and integration of material. It is expected to be applied in the manufacturing process of self-aligned silicon-based micro-LED microdisplay devices and optoelectronic device integration.

The surface of the flip chip was coated with an extraction layer doped with nanoparticles by hot solution method， and the phosphor layer was coated on extraction layer to prepare the white LED module.The photochromatic properties of the samples were measured and analyzed by means of instruments.The experimental results showed that when the particle size of TiO2 doped particles increased from 16 nm to 46 nm， the optical efficiency amplitude of the module increased by 0.75%， the color temperature increased by 0.57%， and the color temperature uniformity of spatial angle increased from 0.869 3 to 0.87.By adjusting the doping concentration of TiO2 particles， it was found that the average color temperature of the module could rise first and then fell， and the distribution showed a trend of low edge and high middle. When the doping concentration was 0.8%， the optical efficiency of the module increased by about 5.75% and the average color temperature increased by 9.17%.The results showed that under the condition of Rayleigh scattering， the particle size had no obvious effect on the optical performance of the module. By doping a certain proportion of TiO2 nanoparticles in the optical extraction layer， the light output efficiency of the white LED module could be improved， and the spatial color temperature uniformity of the module could be effectively improved.

Theoretical simulation was conducted by a model for calculating amounts of liquid crystal，and experiments were carried out for each factor. The measurements for improving uniformity of cell gap were tested on some products. The experiments results showed that PS， altitude difference on array substrate and altitude difference on color film substrate were critical factors affecting uniformity of cell gap， the three factors that could affect the Cpk value of cell gap were 0.9， 0.5 and 0.8， respectively. The Cpk of cell gap could increase 0.6 by using organic on array substrate， while that couldincrease 0.9 by using XPS. The best way to reduce altitude difference among pixels was using OC， which showed that normal OC and highly flat OC could increase the Cpk of cell gap by 0.2 and 0.5， respectively.

An image fusion method based on the potential low-rank representation and cross bilateral filtering was proposed. Firstly， the latent low-rank representation method decomposed the source image into low-rank partial image and salient part image， calculated the weighted average of the low-rank part， and summed the salient part. Then， the calculated low-rank part and salient part were used as the input of the cross-bilateral filter， and the corresponding weight was obtained by measuring the detailed intensity. The input image was fused by the weighted average method of cross bilateral filter and smoothed by Gaussian filter to produce the first part of the image. Secondly， the source image used the CBF to obtain the fusion image， and then passed the Gaussian filtering processing to obtain the second part image. The two parts were finally weighted and summed to obtain the final fusion image. After experimental comparison， the proposed method could effectively reduce the rate of gray change of the fusion images and improve the brightness and contrast of the fusion images， which could assure the fused image better observability.

Aiming at the problems of the traditional disturbance observation method in photovoltaic MPPT control， such as slow response speed and difficulty in maintaining stability at the maximum power point， a hypothesis method was proposed and an adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm with changing inertia weight and learning factor was proposed for the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm to achieve global maximum power point tracking. The assumption method mainly assumed the maximum power point through the formula， and improved the step size based on the position of the maximum power point. IPSO algorithm mainly adjusted the parameters of traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm， optimized the search order of particles， and reduced the number of iterations. Through the modeling and simulation of MATLAB/SIMULINK software， the simulation results of the hypothesis method and IPSO algorithm were obtained and compared with the traditional algorithm. The results showed that both the hypothetical method and IPSO algorithm could achieve the accurate control of PV MPPT， which was helpful for the rapid realization of PV MPPT technology and had a good application prospect.

A novel sensor based on the Differential Group Delay（DGD） of FBG was proposed in this paper. The evolution of the DGD with respect to pressure was studied theoretically and experimentally. A theoretical model for pressure sensing by use of DGD was built and numerically simulation was also carried out. The experimental pressure sensitivity was 424.2 ps/MPa at 0 MPa to 0.3 MPa. Good agreements between experiment results and numerical simulations could verify the feasibility of the method.

An automatic target tracking system based on binocular vision was designed. After the image information was acquired by the binocular camera of the system， the Yolov5s real-time detection algorithm was used to quickly identify the target， the kernel correlation filtering method was used for target tracking， and finally the semi-global stereo matching algorithm combined with the weighted least squares method was used to measure the target depth to obtain distance information and location. After the position of the target was obtained， the speed and direction of the system were controlled， so that the system could maintain the relative orientation and set distance from the target， and realize automatic tracking. From the results， robots could replace reporters to perform real-time tracking reports of dangerous tasks， solving the safety problems of reporters.

The structure of Al2O3/PMMA overlapping thin films was modeled by finite element simulation method， and the effects of wave structure morphology， period， depth and PMMA thickness on the bending properties of overlapping thin films were studied， respectively. Simulation results showed that the wavy interface structure could greatly improve the bending properties of the overlapping thin film. When the wavy structure had a period of 500~1 500 nm，a depth of 600~1 600 nm and the thickness of PMMA was 6 μm， the overlapping thin film had better bending properties. Under the same conditions， the maximum stress was reduced by more than 70% compared with the overlapping thin film without the interface structure， which could effectively improve the bending performance of the encapsulated thin film. It had guiding significance for the preparation of inorganic/organic overlapping thin films.

MoS2 nanosheets with the thickness of above 60 nm were prepared by mechanical stripping， a traditional two-dimensional material preparation method. The morphology and thickness distribution of MoS2 flakes were observed by optical microscope and atomic force microscope， and a polarization Raman test system was built. According to the 1.8 eV bandgap of MoS2 flakes， 633 nm （1.96 eV） and 458 nm （2.71 eV） lasers were selected to excite the resonance and non-resonance Raman scattering of MoS2 flakes. The Raman scattering light was coupled into a spectroscope through optical fiber to obtain the Raman spectra， and the characteristic modes in the resonance Raman spectrum were determined by Lorentz fitting. By comparing with non-resonant Raman spectrum， it was found that the Raman spectrum of MoS2 could arouse a new Raman mode in resonant state.In addition， the resonance Raman spectra and polar coordinates at different polarization angles from 0° to 360° were observed. It was found that all the modes in the resonance Raman spectra were polarization-dependent， and the ways of polarization-dependence were similar. The theoretical model of Raman tensor was also combined with the experiment， and the fitted intensity curve could almost coincide with the data points.

ZnO thin film was prepared by atomic layer deposition （ALD） and furtherly used as the carrier transport layer of thin film transistors. The phototransistor was fabricated and used in photo detection by combining the ZnO with particular CsPbBrI2 all inorganic perovskite to form hybrid film because of its excellent optical properties. ZnO thin film in the transistors could be prepared at relatively low temperature of 150 ℃ without furtherly high temperature annealing， and simultaneously the CsPbBrI2 perovskite films could also be formed by a low temperature process. The photodetector exhibited a good response to the light in a wide wavelength range between 365 nm and 600 nm. When exposed to the light irradiation of 500 nm wavelength， the optimized responsivity of 2×103 A/W and detectivity of 3×1014 Jones were achieved， respectively. The transient response of CsPbBrI2/ZnO phototransistor also delivered a rise time of 250 ms and a fall time of 200 ms， and there remained ultra-high stability in the transient behavior even after a long-time measurement.

The current status of optical phased array lidar antenna technology at home and abroad was introduced， its basic principle and system composition expounded， and the technical scheme of cascaded silicon-based optical phased array lidar antenna was analyzed.On this basis， key technologies such as high-density low-crosstalk waveguide array technology and stacked optical phased array technology were tackled， the key technical parameters of the lidar system were obtained， and the technical problems to be solved were furtherly elaborated.At last，the application expectation of lidar was discussed.

In order to balance image quality and power consumption， a local dimming algorithm based on image local features was proposed. Firstly， the image features of the corresponding display area were extracted and classified； then， the initial backlight value of the region was obtained based on the improved error correction method. The brightness dimming factor was adjusted according to the image detail characteristics to finally determine the output backlight value. Finally， the input display image was separated by Gaussian filter and the pixel compensation based on S-curve was carried out according to the different detail content. The experimental results showed that compared with the display without dimming technology， the backlight power consumption was reduced by 38.36%.Compared with the error correction algorithm， the average peak signal to noise ratio （PSNR） was increased by 7.83 dB and the average information entropy was increased by 6.32%.The proposed algorithm could greatly reduce the display power consumption and improve the static contrast， as well as retain more details of the original images.

Based on the evanescent waves of microring resonance next to the waveguide and the bus waveguide， an optofluidic device composed of the chalcogenide semiconductor Sb2Se3 was proposed. The function of device could be actively modulated by the phase change of Sb2Se3， so that the device could realize two different functions under the condition of single wavelength input. Spherical and rod-shaped polystyrene particles were used as model systems， in which spherical （0.5 μm in diameter） and rod-shaped （0.5 μm in diameter and 1.5 μm in length） polystyrene particles could simulate Staphylococcus aureus and rod-shaped Escherichia coli， respectively. These two different bacteria were used to implement the shape-sorting function of the device. By heating Sb2Se3 to the crystallization temperature（TC = 200 ℃）， the materials of the waveguide and the resonant ring were phase-transformed， and the device could be tuned to switch between the two functions of storing particles and sorting particles. The protocol may provide a reference for shape-selective screening of biomolecules and meet the requirements of a new generation of lab-on-a-chip technology.

Utilization of nonbonding conformational locks （NCLs） to enhance the electron mobility of solar cell materials and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the devices has been widely accepted. Currently， studies on the working mechanism of NCLs were mainly based on macroscopic experiments， while the regulation of charge conduction mechanism by NCLs at single-molecule level was rarely researched. In this paper， single-molecule conductance measurements of organic conjugated molecular systems containing NCLs were performed using scanning tunneling microscopy （STM） to investigate the effect of NCLs on intramolecular charge transport at the single-molecule level. It showed that NCLs could promote intramolecular charge conduction by planarizing the molecular conformation and modulating the molecular band gap， while DFT calculations could confirm that NCLs could furtherly enhance intramolecular charge conduction by establishing additional tunneling channels. Therefore， the results of this study provided a theoretical and experimental foundation for the design of high-efficiency organic photovoltaic materials based on NCLs.

A photolithography process based on photo acid reaction was used to obtain uniform red， green and blue quantum dot films as light-emitting layers， and a high-resolution full-color QLED device （sub-pixel width of 5 μm） was successfully prepared. The device performance of full-color QLEDs was significantly improved by ligand passivation of photolithographic quantum dot surfaces， as well as by introduction of a charge blocking layer to reduce the leakage current in the non-emitting region. The resultant QLEDs showed the maximum brightness of 23 831 cd/m2 and external quantum efficiency of 3.87%.

A touch control panel design scheme was proposed based on the capacitive touch screen. The HB6096 bus was used as the data transmission interface between the touch control panel and the on-board interactive equipment， and the FPGA was used as the main control chip.The control circuit received data from the capacitive touch screen through the I2C interface， packed and transmitted the data to the interactive interface through the driver， and finally realized the cursor movement and clicked selection functions on the display screen.

Edge color dot Mura appeared and became more severe as the light or boot screen lasted longer. In order to improve edge color dot Mura defect of panel and improve the quality of the company's products， the effective improving measurements of edge color dot Mura was summarized， including pixel design， manufacturing process， materials and so on. Finally， through the measurements above， the incidence of edge color dot Mura defect was reduced from 35% to 0， which could effectively improve the yield of products.

An optical correction method applied to VRR TFT LCD panel was proposed. Based on the influence of timing and voltages （VGH/VGL/VCOM） on the VRR TFT LCD panel optics， the two parameters were optimized. T-Con ACC optical compensation function could be used to correct the optical data differences between minimum rate and maximum rate，thus reducing the optical fluctuation of the panel during the refresh rate. The experimental results showed that the VRR TFT LCD panel showed better optical performance after optical correction.

A display and control system of airborne LCD monitor based on Zynq platform was designed. This system synthesized various functions，such as backlight， key handling， temperature acquisition， low temperature heating， serial communication， instrumental interface display， display driver， etc. It adopted the hardware and software co-design to partition these functions， and took full advantages of the ability of parallel data processing of FPGA in Zynq platform and the flexible and efficient embedded programming model of ARM. Finally， the experiment results demonstrated that the designed system could operate well and all the functions could satisfy the predesigned requirements， which implied the potential engineering value.

Based on reducing module stress， the effects of process， materials and design on black uniformity were studied systematically， and the method was determined that could meet the specification of area-scan 70%. The experimental results showed that by 1） design adopted thinned panel （0.4 mm） and cover glass （1.3 mm）； 2）the materials used polarizers that top and bottom materials were the same， liquid optical clear resin， and low temperature ACF； 3）VAS process reduced the running speed of the lift bar， in this way， the black uniformity on automotive TFT-LCD module area-scan could be increased to 70%.

In projection display technology，optical engine is an important component，and its key parameters of light efficiency and homogenization，etc. could directly affect the final performance of the projection display system. In this paper，LED was used as the lighting source and Fresnel lens was used as the uniform light device. The illumination light path with high light efficiency and high homogenization was designed，providing a reference of the follow-up research.

The Spray development spray mode and Slit development spray mode in the production process of large-size mask were compared and analyzed. Through experiments and production process monitoring， the advantages and disadvantages of the two development spray modes were obtained. Through comprehensive comparison， it was concluded that Slit development spray mode was better in the production process of mask plate.

A heat dissipation optimization method was proposed for the backlight module of the high-brightness rugged display by improving interface materials，designing low thermal resistance heat dissipation path and optimizing parameters of the cooling grid， through the analysis of the internal heat dissipation environment of the rugged display. A certain type of ruggedized display was taken as the research object， and the heat dissipation performance between the original design and optimized design was compared.The results showed that the working temperature of the LED on the backlight module was greatly reduced after applying the proposed heat dissipation method.

An asymmetrical reflection VHG with large angular bandwidth and high diffraction efficiency was designed. The relationship between the recording angles and the diffraction efficiency was discussed at first and several combinations of the recording angles were found. The relationship between the recording angles and the angular bandwidth was furtherly analyzed， which could obtain the optimal recording setup. The experimental results showed that when the incident angle of the reference light and signal light was 10° and 59°， the angular bandwidth of the fabricated VHG could reach 24° and the diffraction efficiency 90%. However， the wavelength shift could happen. The recording angle was modified to improve wavelength shift. The method proposed could help design a VHG with large angular bandwidth and high diffraction efficiency and present great practical value.

Under the condition of extremely low illumination， the images collected by the low-light CMOS image sensor generally has the problems of excessive noise， deviation of brightness， and difficulty in updating the system program after assembly. In view of this， a low-light-level imaging system，including hardware and logic， was designed and built， by using an image signal processing module with FPGA as the core， and combining with image acquisition module， interface module， optical lens， GAMMA correction， image filtering processing algorithm and MultiBoot. Related experimental results showed that the low-light-level imaging system could control the low-light-level CMOS image sensor through FPGA to collect low-light images under different illuminations. The host computer could use the serial port to update the FPGA program through the online loading function. It was testified that in the environment of 0.001 lux， the output low-light image resolution was not less than 1.0 mrad， the image could realize information interpretation， and the results could help solve the problem that the human eye could not obtain information at night.

In airborne vibration environment， the dynamic simulation analysis and experimental study of the PCB and its installation panel were carried out. The influence of different reinforcement design methods on the vibration response of the chip on the PCB of airborne electronic equipment was summarized， and it was concluded that adding rubber shock absorber at the mounting hole was the most effective way to reduce the vibration response of the chip on the PCB. The research and analysis above could guide the layout and installation structure design of PCB electronic devices.

Aiming at the problems that the monocular visual SLAM （Simultaneous Localization and Mapping） algorithm could not recover the geographic scale information and the accumulation of pose estimation errors is large， a monocular vision SLAM algorithm based on GNSS fusion has been proposed. Based on the graph optimization theory， the algorithm built a similarity transformation estimation model in the visual odometry to solve the real scale， added the GNSS global location node in the back-end optimization， designed the optimization solution strategy， and improved the key frame pose and 3D map point position estimation. Finally， at the end of the sequence， the global map was iteratively optimized offline to ensure the global consistency of map construction. Experiments showed that in the outdoor environment， when the motion trajectory was within 5 km， the scale estimation error of the method proposed in this paper was within 0.1%， and the trajectory error was within 2 m， which could meet the needs of practical applications.

A tunable HMM biosensor with the excitation of Brewster modes from free-space was proposed. The multi-layered HMM took VO2 as dielectric medium and GH shift was calculated using the transfer matrix method. The calculated refractive index sensitivity of this proposed biosensor could reach a maximum of 6.75 ×106 nm RIU-1. Two different modes of sensitivity could be switched by changing the phase of VO2. The proposed approach could offer new direction for the development of a tunable ultrasensitive biosensor at visible range.

By testing different DOE conditions of cutting process， and based on the characteristics of automatic cutting machine， the same cutter process with high repeated accuracy and the auxiliary cutting process with the same wheel were used.

An automatic calibrated deep foundation pit water level measuring instrument was designed， which was composed of a controller， a laser sensor， a controllable lifting motor， an alloy design board， etc. The controller controlled the lifting of the master-slave motor to form an angle difference. The laser sensor was in a certain dimension. The inner surface of the deep foundation pit was scanned to obtain the measurement data， and then the relevant model was established to calculate the angle between the sensor and the water level. The controller controlled the laser sensor to be perpendicular to the water level to realize the self-calibration function. This design had overcome the drift of measuring points caused by some external factors such as vibration and body offset， so as to achieve the purpose of accurate measurement.

Aiming at a kind of stripe Mura problem in the production process of A type， and through the study of defective products and the statistical analysis of the data， it was found that the black matrix layer （BM） pattern in Mura abnormal area had an undercut problem. Because of the accumulation of static electricity in the contact part between the developing machine guide wheel and the glass， the contact angle between BM light resistance and glass became smaller due to the electrostatic interference， and then melt flow occurred in the BM uncured layer in the back exposure process after developing， causing the BM undercut edge after curing process. It was found that the degree of stripe Mura could be effectively improved by optimizing the back exposure process parameters and turning off the exposure lamp. Besides， the Parallel arrangement of the guide wheel was changed into Zigzag arrangement， which could furtherly improve the bad phenomenon of stripe Mura. The incidence of stripe Mura decreased from 0.8% to 0， so the improving effect was remarkable.

A terahertz metamaterial filter based on dielectric resonator was proposed. Its structure consisted of a high dielectric constant resonator and a polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS） substrate， and its simulation analysis was carried out by finite element method. The results showed that the filter was insensitive to polarization. The filtering characteristics were explored and the influence of structure parameters on transmission coefficient was studied by using the control variable method. At the same time， part or all of the frequency band could be dynamically adjustable by controlling the change of the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal. In addition， in order to understand the transmission mechanism of the filter， the resonant mechanism was analyzed from two aspects： the effective medium theory and the resonator theory.

A temperature feedback PWM adjustment circuit has been proposed. The circuit could automatically pulse width modulate the common cathode voltage according to temperature changes， so as to maintain the brightness and gray-scale characteristics of the OLED screen with the temperature changing. The circuit used 0.18 μm 1P6M mixed-signal technology to complete the circuit design and tape-out verification. Simulation and test results showed that when the temperature changed from -45 °C to 70 °C， the screen brightness and grayscale characteristics remained unchanged. In the end， the problem about the brightness of the OLED screen changing with temperature， and the traditional solution changing the gray-scale characteristics were solved.

The adaptive recursive least square （RLS） method was introduced for the first time to suppress the low-frequency （0 ~ 500 Hz） background noise of 100 km transmission optical fiber hydrophone system， and compared with the direct subtraction （DS）. The results showed that DS had poor basic noise suppression effect for fiber-optic hydrophone system， and RLS adaptive algorithm had obvious noise suppression effect： 16 dB@40 Hz， 20 dB@100 Hz， 15 dB@200 Hz ， 18 dB@300 Hz and 13 dB @400 Hz. After RLS adaptive noise suppression， the noise level of the system above 350 Hz was stable at -95 dB， which was equivalent to that of the high frequency part. RLS adaptive cancellation could suppress the noise and retain the useful signal in the sensor probe.

Larger size output node and bigger gate capacitor of amplifier were designed to ensure the total capacitor reach the level of 4.5×10-13 F and the experiment process of new design configuration was carried out. It was verified that after optimization of the design， the Charge to Voltage Factor of the ultraviolet linear CCD could accurately achieve 0.352 μV/e- based on the development of parameter calibration， structure optimization， process testing， parameter examination and certifying. The results could finally meet the special needs of the space flight system on the basis of the improved CCD’s performance parameters， such as high level full-well capacity up to 1.0×107 e-/pixel， 3.5~4 V output voltage and 0.35 μV/e- low level Charge to Voltage Factor with one or two order of magnitude smaller than traditional CCD.

Lithography process is the most important part of mask manufacturing processes. Diffraction mura， as a common defect in lithography process， seriously affects the quality of customer products. Based on the generation mechanism of diffraction mura， the improvement measures are put forward from the aspects of graphic design and chamber environment. Different overlap ratio of overlap and graphics， different overlap position types， chamber temperature and relative humidity fluctuations are set to observe the variation of diffraction mura. The results show that the severity of diffraction nura increases with the increase of overlap ratio； Compared with mixed overlap position type， Single overlap position type performs better on diffraction mura； When the chamber temperature fluctuates more than 0.01 ℃ and the relative humidity fluctuates more than 32%， the fluctuation of focused air flow exceeds the standard， and the diffraction mura becomes more serious. By controlling the temperature and humidity of graphic design and lithography， the occurrence of diffraction mura can be reduced to a certain extent， which can also be used for reference for the improvement of other stripes.

The main direction of 3D face reconstruction lies in the accurate reconstruction of the surface shape， and insufficient attention has been paid to the effect of the side face reconstruction with missing part of the face information. To solve this problem， a single-image 3D face reconstruction method was proposed based on face information completion. Firstly， the frontal face image was used to generate a three-dimensional face model， which was used to obtain a side face image， then this set of corresponding pictures was used to train the network， so that a single side face image was reconstructed finally with three-dimensional face model with complete face information. Experimental results prove that this proposed method is stable and reliable， and the generated 3D face model has the advantages of high precision and complete texture.

The digital product design platform of liquid crystal display module was established. The construction method of design platform was made clear， and the standardization and universality of product design were improved. The example showed that this design platform construction method could improve the borrowing rate of mature design scheme and data model， shorten the design cycle， improve the reliability of products， and was testified to be feasible and practical， which had certain reference significance for the design and development of liquid crystal display module with different shapes for mass customization.

Amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors （a-IGZO TFTs） passivated by a polyimide （PI） layer has been fabricated. The PI passivation layer has been deposited by the spin-coating method， which could reduce the damage of back surface of a-IGZO channel caused by the passivation layer deposition process and improve the device performance . The PI passivation could effectively block the ambient atmosphere， protecting the TFTs from performance deterioration resulted by H2O and O2 molecule adsorption effects. Moreover， TFTs passivated by PI showed improved stability under negative gate-bias stress （NBS）. The improved stability was inferred to be related to the passivation of traps within the a-IGZO channel by hydrogen which could be diffused into the device from the PI layer during the baking process.

A design method of refraction⁃reflection hybrid lens was proposed. The lens consisted of five freeform surfaces. The rays with large angles were refracted by two freeform surfaces, and the rays with other angles were reflected to increase the spot size. The energy grid mapping relationship between the light source and the target surface was firstly established, and the freeform surface was constructed based on Snell's law. The simulation results showed that the illuminance distribution of the target plane could meet the design requirements when there was the point light source. However, the uniformity became poor when the extended light source was included. The uniformity was improved by modifying the illuminance distribution of the target surface. The actual test results showed that the uniformity of backlight unit achieved 86.8%, which could meet the design requirements. The designed and optimized refraction⁃reflection hybrid lens could effectively reduce the optical distance and satisfy the requirements for practical application.

Based on the distributed optical fiber measurement method of optical frequency domain reflection （OFDR）， the conversion relationship between the strain measured by optical fiber and the horizontal displacement of soil based on Euler beam theory was proposed， which was verified by indoor experiments. The feasibility of the distributed optical fiber measurement of horizontal displacement and the accuracy of the strain-displacement transformation relationship were verified. The optical fiber measurement method was applied in a foundation pit project. Through the test， the optical fiber measurement method was testified to be able to accurately measure the horizontal displacement of deep soil in the process of excavation.

Non-stoichiometric W18O49 nanowires and Ni-doped W18O49 nanowires （Ni-W18O49） were prepared by solvothermal method using WCl6 and NiCl2·6H2O as tungsten and nickel precursor， PVP as surfactant and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. W18O49 and Ni-W18O49 nanowires were sprayed on the transparent conductive substrate of ITO-PET by atomization deposition method to obtain W18O49/ITO-PET and Ni-W18O49/ITO-PET electrochromic thin films. The experimental results indicated that the coloring/bleaching response time of W18O49/ITO-PET electrochromic film decreased from 16.5 s/8.2 s to 10 s/5.8 s by Ni doping. The coloring efficiency of W18O49/ITO-PET electrochromic films increased from 56 cm2·C-1 to 74 cm2·C-1 after Ni doping. Ni-W18O49/ITO-PET electrochromic films has a capacity retention of 70% after 1 500 charging-discharging cycles. Ni doped W18O49 could increase the contents of W5+ and oxygen vacancy， reduce the charge transferring resistance， and improve the electrochromic performance.

In order to improve the ability of distortion-free reconstruction of the disturbance signal of the Φ-OTDR system， a Φ-OTDR structure was proposed to combine frequency division multiplexing （FDM） and polarization diversity reception （PDR）. It was expected that the use of this fusion technology could effectively achieve simultaneous suppression of interference fading and polarization fading. Through a confirmatory experiment， the average distortion rate of the reconstructed signal of the 10 s data was reduced from 15.55% to 1.10%. Compared with using FDM technology alone to suppress interference fading and using PDR technology alone to suppress polarization fading， it had better fading noise suppression effect， which could provide an effective anti-fading noise method for the engineering promotion of the Φ-OTDR system.

To solve the long lens moving distance and lens defocusing when Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition（LCVD）equipment traces defect points in photomask defect repairing， a kind of ant colony optimization （ACO） algorithm mixed with 2-opt neighborhood search was proposed to optimize the sequence of defect coordinates. The method could effectively reduce the points tracing time and lens defocus rate， compared with the traditional ascending sequence of X or Y axis. To enhance the algorithm processing time in the case of large-scale defects， several acceleration tactics were applied in the ACO algorithm mixed with 2-opt neighborhood search， including nearest neighborhood searching tactic in ACO algorithm， fixed radius searching setting and “don’t look bits tactic” in 2-opt algorithm. The experimental results showed that the improved ACO algorithm mixed with 2-opt neighborhood search could reveal over 92.5% improvement than raw AOI distance， with only 5.72 s time consumption and 0.28% defocus rate. The improved algorithm demonstrates better performance in path optimization quality， optimization time and maintaining lens focusing than basic ACO and basic ACO mixed 2-opt algorithm.

The effects of ion migration， dielectric constant dependence， built-in electric field， trap， thickness and injection barrier on space charge limited current measurement were summarized， and some solutions were briefly introduced， such as using pulsed space charge limited current method for ion migration problem， using different mobility description models for defect problem， etc. This could provide a reference for subsequent scholars to use space charge limited current method to measure perovskite mobility more accurately.

Based on the Lithium Niobate on insulator （LNOI） platform， an arrayed waveguide grating with a center wavelength of 1 550 nm， 4 channels and a channel spacing of 400 GHz was designed and fabricated， and the edges of the LNOI waveguide was polished. The test results show that the crosstalk between adjacent channels of the arrayed waveguide grating is about -7.5 dB， the channel non-uniformity is less than 0.5 dB， and the center wavelength is 1 551.3 nm， but there is a large insertion loss of about 27.2 dB. The research will play an important role in the development of high-performance LNOI arrayed waveguide grating.

For solving the problem of secondary lens occlusion in Cassegrain solar condenser， a lens correction method was proposed to reduce the obscuration ratio. On the basis of the traditional concentration ratio and obscuration ratio formula， the correction formulas were proposed. A Cassegrain condenser was analyzed with Zemax software， the concentration ratio was 280， and the obscuration ratio was 0.33.The results showed that using lens correction method， the obscuration ratio of the designed Cassegrain condenser was reduced by 36.36%， the concentration ratio of the condenser was improved， and the spot distribution on the receiver surface was more uniform.

In view of the need to protect privacy in public places， special displays need to have narrow viewing angle function，and a new type of polarizer was designed. By adding anti-peeping layer， a polarizer with narrow viewing angle function was realized. By using the anti-peeping layer grating slice to block the large angle of light and retain the small angle of light， the purpose of anti-peeping was achieved.The results showed that the proposed new polarizer could reduce the viewing angle of the display from 160° to 60°.

A bright line appeared on the display screen of a rugged display in air Electrostatic Discharge （ESD） 15 kV test. For the problem， an effective rectification method was proposed，which was to deal with the lap joint between the coated shielding glass and the shell of rugged display. It was included that：（1）The ITO film layer should be bare or have silver paste edge for the edge lap joint mode of the coated shielding glass， （2） The thickness of the conductive pads at the gap between the coated shielding glass and the shell of rugged display should increase in the case that the display effect could not be affected. The experiment results showed that： this method could make the rugged display pass the air ESD 15 kV test easily. It could also provide technical support for air electrostatic discharge design of subsequent rugged displays，showing important practical significance.

In the four mask technology based on IGZO TFT-LCD， the influence of drawing design of thin film transistor on actual pattern was studied， and the influence trends of different channel length design and compensation design was obtained on the trailing，shrinkage and film thickness of photoresist in channel area after halftone mask lithography. Results showed that when the value of L was increased from 3 μm to 10 μm， the shrinkage of photoresist was bigger， trailing of photoresist was smaller，and the thickness of photoresist was thinner. However， when L>10 μm， the photoresist shrinkage，trailing and film thickness tended to be stable.Based on the trends above， the effect of the shrinkage and trailing of photoresist could be effectively improved by optimizing the design of channel length and drawing compensation design，and at the same time，the appropriate channel photoresist thickness could be obtained.

Diffractive optical elements （DOEs） are used to directly modulate a laser beam to produce controllable interference fringe for the recording of a volume holographic grating. An optimization algorithm based on Gerchberg-Saxton （GS） algorithm was proposed to improve the output light field. The simulation results showed that the fringe uniformity produced by the optimized DOE increased from 80.15% to 88.06%， the fringe contrast increased from 28.42 to 68.95， and the error function reduced from 8.26% to 5.24%. The experimental results based on liquid crystal spatial light modulator showed that the fringe contrast and fringe uniformity obtained by this algorithm were improved compared with GS algorithm.The proposed optimization design method could help increase the practicality of using an DOE to record volume holographic grating.

A deep learning model for detecting PCB defects based on arbitrary-oriented object detection was proposed， which could simplify the whole process by avoiding image registration and image pre-processing. This model had two new components， including a Rotation Region Proposal Network （RRPN） and a Rotation Region-of-Interest （RRoI） pooling layer. Experiment results validated the effectiveness of the proposed model by achieving 97.2% mAP on perturbated DeepPCB dataset.

Atmospheric turbulence and diffraction could cause the laser beam to diverge， which could affect the performance of laser propulsion. In laser propulsion， the size of the laser spot must cover the diameter of the lightship. The size of the laser spot reaching the lightship was used as the standard to analyze the influence of atmospheric turbulence and diffraction on the beam divergence during CO2 laser propulsion. The analysis showed that in the case of weak turbulence， the laser zoom launch system ensured that the beam could cover the surface of the lightship during laser propulsion. For laser beams with different beam quality factors， the minimum aperture of the launching system and the relationship between the focal length of the launching system and the distance of the lightship were obtained.

The all-optical information processing technology is the key technology in optical communication system. The all-optical 8-3 line encoder is the key device in all-optical signal processing. The all-optical 8-3 line encoder could be realized based on the cascade of OR gates.Using the cross phase modulation effect （XPM） based on semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA）， an all-optical OR gate was firstly designed and implemented， and then the all-optical 8-3 line encoder was designed.The feasibility of the designed all-optical OR gate and all-optical 8-3 line encoder was verified by using the OptiSystem photon simulation software. The all-optical 8-3 line encoder could be realized without the filter， so the design cost could be reduced， showing good application prospects in the future all-optical information processing.

A generative adversarial net framework （GAN） based on the encoding-decoding architecture was proposed and used for computational optical imaging through scattering media. Training data set and testing data sets were generated from the original images.The GAN network proposed was trained with data sets generated by phase maps of original images and had the ability of mapping relationship between the speckle pattern and the original image. By experimentally analyzing the quality of scattering imaging with different data sets and under different scattering conditions， it is found that the GAN network has good generalization ability and could be used to realize the computational optical imaging through scattering media. Furthermore， the imaging quality with the three improved loss functions proposed were analyzed and compared. Experimental results showed that the imaging quality was effectively improved using the loss function with the structural similarity function. It is of great significance for computational optical imaging through scattering media by the proposed method.

Based on the ink⁃jet printing， the high-precision transferring of QDs material and UV glue composite ink were realized. The LGP had regular microstructure morphology， high stability and superior light-emitting effect. The coffee ring was inhibited by adjusting the ratio of UV glue to solvent. To achieve the white balance of the LGP， the proportion of red and green QDs and the QDs concentration of the ink were adjusted respectively. A method of six-times printing was proposed which could print the microstructure and prevent the microstructure from being connected in series. The QMS was characterized， the uniformity of the LGP was 80.8%， the average luminance intensity was 2 769cd/m2， the color coordinates was （0.3294，0.3081）， and the color gamut could reach 105% NTSC. This work is conducive to obtain the superior light-emitting effect， low-cost and high-stability QMS LGP.

A new type of optical fiber panel manufacturing method was proposed. Based on the image transmission principle of optical fiber panel， silicon micro-channel array was fabricated by photo-assisted electrochemical method， which was used as the skeleton structure of the optical fiber panel. Silicon dioxide layer was prepared on the inner wall of the channel by oxidation process as the fiber cladding. High refractive index glass was filled in the inner wall as the fiber core. The theoretical numerical aperture is 1.37 and the resolution is 57 lp/mm. The optical fiber panel prepared by this method has the advantages of no optical crosstalk， good light collecting capacity， simplicity， easy operation， low cost， capability of effectively improving the number of pixels.The method is expected to become a new method for manufacturing high-resolution and high-quality image transmission devices.

In order to improve the uneven heating of the airborne LCD at low temperature， a method of uniform heating was proposed. Firstly， the heater model and thermal simulation were established with COMSOL software and the heating power consumption and temperature distribution map were obtained. Then， the low temperature heating experiment was carried out， and the measured temperature value could help correct the boundary conditions of the simulation， the simulation heater was optimized according to needs，while a heater was designed with edge temperature higher than the center area and making samples according to the equivalent duty cycle method of simulation. Finally， the heater sample was assembled into the whole machine and was placed in the experiment box for low temperature heating experiment.The results show that the temperature distribution is uniform，and the maximum temperature difference tested is about 5 ℃，which could meet the design requirements and have certain reference significance for low-temperature heating of airborne special display.

Avionics Digital Video Bus（ARINC818）is a new standard generated for the long-distance transmission of high definition video. It has the characteristics of high bandwidth， low delay and slow attenuation. In this system， the protocol of ARINC818 was analyzed and the sending and receiving optical fiber transmission was designed. Using FPGA， the system could easily achieve HD video transmission with 6.25 Gbps rate. Finally the stability and integrity of the transmission system was verified by function test and the high and low temperature test. The video was legible without crosstalk after 100 m distance transmission.

As a simple， low-cost， maskless， non-contact digital preparation process with a wide selection of substrates and ink materials， inkjet printing was widely used in many fields. Pixelated blue OLED devices， with a hole injection layer of PEDOT∶PSS and emitting layer of PFSO， have been prepared using inkjet printing technology， combined with vapor deposition of Ba and Al cathodes. The ink droplet ejection characteristics were controlled by precisely adjusting the driving parameters of the nozzle， and flat light-emitting pixel arrays had been obtained through adjusting the ink tension and viscosity. The proposed devices show a maximum brightness of 1 100 cd/m2 and external quantum efficiency of 1.1%.

Based on meshing method， the effect of double freeform surface lens with extended light source was firstly analyzed， in which the double freeform surface lens was designed with point light source and different illumination distribution. An optimized illumination distribution for point light source was then proposed， which could improve the uniformity of the extended light source from 46.27% to 77.30% along horizontal direction and from 28.05% to 70.25% along diagonal direction， especially for large distance-height ratio lens. The uniformity could be furtherly increased to 96.24% and 88.96% by applying microstructure on the bottom surface. The proposed design method could achieve a better lens profile for point light source， which could heavily reduce the optimization workload， shorten the development time， and present great practical value.

InP/ZnS quantum dots （QDs） with excellent and nontoxic fluorescence properties were prepared by a thermal-injection method in aqueous solution， using tris （dimethylamino） phosphine as phosphine source and indium chloride as indium source. The experimental results showed that the InP/ZnS QDs with a spherical shape belong to sphalerite structure when the molar ratio of reactants was nP3-∶nIn3+=5∶1 and ZnS reaction time was 60 min. The fluorescence spectra of InP/ZnS QDs was adjustable in the range of 460 nm~620 nm. The full width at half maximum （FWHM） of InP/ZnS QDs with blue， green and red band were about 52 nm， 52 nm and 59 nm， respectively， and the average particle sizes were 3.05 nm， 3.32 nm and 3.44 nm， respectively. The fluorescence lifetime were 59.41 ns， 61.44 ns and 68.08 ns， respectively. In addition， the patterned InP/ZnS quantum dots photoresist （QDPR） film was prepared by the laser-assisted route. With the assistance of blue OLED and 5.5 pairs distributed Bragg reflector （DBR） structures， the CCE of color conversion based InP/ZnS QDPR film could reach 20.9% and the color coordinate could change from （0.22， 0.30） to （0.29， 0.63）. Based on these results， InP/ZnS QDPR film is potentially useful for the fabrication of light emitting devices in the fields of lighting and display.

A quasi-distributed liquid leakage sensing device were introduced， which used POF optical fiber and LED light belt to realize the detection of multi-source optical fiber scanning positioning. The use of SM16703P was mainly introduced to design LED light belt power supply and control circuit， in order to achieve low cost， high real-time leakage detection and leakage location.

A new type of LED smart glass display driver was proposed. This driver was based on the principle of pulse width modulation. The special driver chip in the driver converted the input serial video data into multi-channel parallel grayscale control data， and then drove the LED smart glass display through the FPC soft board to realize the full cycle of each frame of data and 4 096 levels of grayscale multi-level display. Multiple drivers could be cascaded， so that multiple LED smart glass displays could be cascaded to increase the display screen. At the same time， the driver also could have the advantages of light weight， moderate volume and price. Each pixel of the screen has bright colors and stable display， and could be widely used in indoor and outdoor LED smart glass display.

Holographic waveguide could effectively decrease the weight and volume of a near-eye display system. As an important component， incouple/outcouple grating could heavily affect the final display brightness. The diffractive efficiency of a three-step grating with random duty cycle was firstly calculated and it was found that the grating with the same step width presented the highest diffractive efficiency. The simulations based on rigorous couple wave theory were exploited to analyze how grating height could affect diffractive efficiency in the case of different refractive indexes. The simulation results showed that when the refractive efficiency of the grating was 1.52 and 1.74， the grating height should be 700 nm and 470 nm to guarantee the highest diffractive efficiency. When the grating height was 100 nm less than the designed height， the diffractive efficiency decreased from 60% to 56% and from 59% to 47%， respectively. The designed grating was prepared by maskless direct-writing lithography. The measured -1 order diffractive efficiency could reach 49.7% and the output image could be clearly displayed at the end of the waveguide. The proposed three-step grating presents the merits of short preparation duty， low cost and high efficiency.

A template matching method based on SNCC（self-normalized cross correlation）was proposed， which was based on the invariance of center rotation of centro-symmetric markers. This method had strong process adaptability to the non-linear scaling deformation caused by TFT process and the defocusing of markers. Through the contrast test of alignment mark and defocus alignment mark of TFT process deformation， it was verified that under this condition， the measurement results based on SNCC method had higher reliability than NCC （normalized cross correlation） and geometric template matching algorithm， and could meet the needs of accurate positioning and measurement at sub-pixel level of centrosymmetric marker. Compared with the traditional mark center positioning method， the proposed method could still obtain high reliability measurement results when the alignment mark produced process deformation or alignment defocusing.

A dynamic digital holographic imaging system using a polarization camera integrated with a micro-polarizer phase shift array to achieve parallel phase shift was designed and implemented. The system used a quarter wave plate to turn the reference light and the measurement light into circularly polarized light with opposite rotation， then used the micro-polarizer phase shift array on the polarization camera to obtain four holograms with phase shift difference of π/2， and then used the four step phase shift algorithm to demodulate the measurement light field distribution of the hologram， and finally used the angle spectrum method to reproduce the image in the near field. The simulation and experimental results show that the technique successfully eliminates the interference of zero-order and twin images， and can record the dynamic changes of the objects to be measured in real time， and quickly obtain the reproduced image with micron resolution.

A novel SiPM sensor system suitable for internal PD detection in GIS was designed， which had obvious advantages such as low drive voltage， small volume and high photon conversion rate. The consistency of the new SiPM sensor system， photomultiplier tube （PMT） and high frequency current transformer （HFCT） of pulse current detection device for PD detection was verified through the PD light-electric joint test， and the validity of phase resolved partial discharge method on SiPM detection results was also proved. On this basis， the field installation mode of SiPM was studied and tested. The results showed that the SiPM sensor system could achieve excellent detection effect in the field application and provide technical support for the field application of optical measurement method.

Silicon-based photovoltaic cell array panel （Si-PvCA）， as a cost-effective universal visible light communication carrier， is increasingly concerned.However， its VLC bandwidth is limited by single-channel communication mode. Based on the analysis of its key factors， such as the physical structure， optoelectronic feature and circuit topology， a way to improve the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and implement the space division multiple access （SDMA）-multiple input multiple output （MIMO） based concurrent VLC was proposed by the utilization of its subdividing and reconstruction along with the spatial light distribution characteristics of LED array lighting.A possible way to develop VLC through LED array and Si-PvCA was provided.

Front-illuminated charge-coupled devices （CCD）based on silicon substrate always have a lower response in ultraviolet spectral range.Research of enhancing the quantum efficiency performance of the front-illuminated CCD in ultraviolet spectral range was presented. The better result of the transmission film in ultraviolet spectral range at photo sensitive surface， the reduction of interference by surface state at photo?sensitive area and the ultra thin-film hole-accumulation diode（HAD） have been achieved based on the optimization design of anti-reflecting film， the photo?sensitive structure of front-illuminated CCD， as well as the structure and process parameter optimization of HAD that were carried on during the research. The beneficial effect of the greater increase in quantum efficiency performance of the front-illuminated CCD in ultraviolet spectral range detect came from the optimization of anti-reflecting film， the photo sensitive area and the HAD structure，as well as promoting the interacting quantum efficiency of the CCD.The research result indicates that the linear CCD has reached an average quantum efficiency of 46.13% in the spectral range that covers 300 nm~400 nm， and the average quantum efficiency has increased from 8.6% to 47.48% in 340 nm~390 nm spectral range.

A lightweight optical system for helmet-mounted low-level-light night vision system was designed， including objective lens and eyepiece. In order to improve the imaging quality of the system while realizing the light weight of the optical system， the aspheric lens were employed in this design. Firstly， the lens parameters of the objective lens and eyepiece were determined according to the theoretical calculation， the proper initial structure was chosen， then， the aspheric surface was used for optimizing design， finally， a object lens with 7 lenses and an eyepiece with 2 lenses was presented， with the weight of the objective lens reducing form 35 g to 26 g， the weight of eyepiece reducing from 52 g to 20 g， and the weight of the total system reducing 41 g， the lens weight reducing by 47%， finally achieving the weight reduction of the system.

The light-emitting diodes （LEDs） was fabricated， which consisted of p-NiO/MQWs/n-GaN heterostructure with NiO as a hole injection layer on MQWs/n-GaN by using Rf magnetron sputtering equipment. The structure， morphology and optical properties of the NiO layer were tested by X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Atomic Force Microscope （AFM） and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer （UV-2700）， and the results showed that the NiO film had good crystalline quality. The Current-Voltage （I-V） and electroluminescent （EL） characteristics of p-NiO/MQWs/n-GaN heterojunction devices were tested. The I-V characteristic test results showed that the device had obvious rectifier characteristics and the turn-on voltage was about 2.9 V. The test results of EL characteristics showed that the blue-violet light emission was realized at room temperature， and the electroluminescence mechanism of the device was studied by combining the photoluminescence （PL） spectrum of MQWs/GaN and the energy band structure diagram of the device.

A miniature flat-field spectrophotometer was designed by using the mode of “first absorption then spectroscope”. The multi-channel silicon photodiode array detector and flat-field concave holographic grating were used and the collimating and focusing structure were integrated into one.Based on the selected flat field concave grating， the structure analysis and design of the spectrometer unit was completed.By studying the structure of the miniature flat-field spectrophotometer， a method for the analysis of spectral bandwidth broadening effect and the estimation of wavelength error was proposed.The near-straight spectrum was obtained within the predetermined working band range， and the multi-wavelength synchronous measurement of a single signal beam received could be realized. The working band covered 340 nm~800 nm， and the spectral bandwidth was better than 8 nm.

An acousto-optic control system was designed for expelling birds， which took the STM32 microprocessor as the core to build the hardware control system，and the implementation of hardware circuit was given.To solve the problem of bird adaptability, the function of switching different gear positions was designed. In order to verify the performance of the system, the measured LED spot area was divided into equal areas, and its illumination was tested.The results showed that the illumination of the designed system could reach more than 200 Lx, which could provide a reference for designing a new type of bird repellent system.

An improved temperature compensation method based on software compensation combined with constant current source compensation was studied. Hardware circuits were used by this study,such as single-chip microcomputers, constant current sources, digital temperature sensors and multipliers to optimize traditional software compensation.The compensation effect was better than traditional constant current.The source compensation has been significantly improved, and the overall "temperature drift" has dropped about 13.7 %. The traditional temperature compensation methods,such as thermal element compensation, constant current source compensation and software compensation,were also supplemented. It was of great significance to improve the accuracy of Hall current sensors and meet the actual production requirements.

In order to solve the problem of road extraction information loss in remote sensing images, a road extraction algorithm based on residual neural networks was proposed. Firstly, an encoder-decoder network was constructed, combined with pre-coder and dilated convolution module to extract more semantic information.Secondly, the parallel designed dilated convolution module was added to the middle part of the encoder-decoder structure, which could extract features of different receptive field features. Finally, the encoder-decoder used jumper to perform multi-scale feature fusion, learning more low-dimensional and high-dimensional features.In the Massachusetts road dataset, this method had 11 %, 0.3 %, and 7.4 % improvement in Precision, Recall, and F1-score performance indicators. At the same time, it also achieved 97.9 % in the Accuracy index. Compared with other algorithms, the algorithm has certain application value.

A LED backlighting dimming method based on PDM algorithm was proposed in order to solve the defect of PWM dimming method in application.The frequency domain simulation analysis of waveforms showed that the harmonic frequency of PDM method moved to higher region than PWM method, avoiding the test frequency band（25 Hz~10 kHz）of CE101 so that it was easier to pass the EMC CE101 test with PDM method. As a result, compared with PWM method, the current waveforms were relatively gentle and the load characteristics were obviously improved by using PDM method. In summary, PDM method has advantages in electromagnetic environment and load sensitive applications.

A special liquid crystal display backlight module based on U-shaped light guide plate was presented to reduce the thickness of side-in backlight module.Firstly, the curved side backlight module with 1 mm and 2 mm U-shaped light guide plate was designed and modeled by LightTools software. Then, two different thickness curved side backlight modules and a side-in backlight module with 4 mm conventional flat plate light guide plate were simulated and compared. Finally, the relative shifting simulation of the curved side backlight module with 2 mm U-shaped light guide plate was carried out and the results showed that the optical performance of the module had high stability in the strong vibration and wide temperature environment. Compared with the conventional side-in backlight module, the proposed curved side backlight module with 2 mm U-shaped light guide plate maintained the consistency of optical performance，which had certain reference significance for the thin design of special display.

The forced air-cooling strategy for the rugged display was chosen based on the applied external environment and the thermal characteristics of the internal function modules. The thermal simulation was applied to guide the fan type selection and verify the feasibility of the proposed heat dissipation strategy. The accuracy of the simulation results were validated by the hardware experiments，providing a novel approach for the thermal design of the rugged display.

In order to improve the gray-scale characteristics when the traditional analog driving scheme is dimmed, a PWM circuit for silicon-based OLED driving chip has been presented. The circuit could modulate the common cathode voltage applied to the OLED array with PWM, so as to achieve the same gray scale characteristics when adjusting brightness. The circuit was designed and verified by the 0.18 μm mix-signal 1P6M CMOS process. Simulation and test results show that when the brightness is adjusted from 100 cd/m2 to 500 cd/m2, the gray-scale characteristics could be significantly improved.

Through the analysis of organic polymer materials′ aging mechanism for TFT-LCD, the main stress and the weak links of tapes and adhesives during storage and usage were studied, respectively. The aging test methods and failure evaluation indexes of organic polymer materials at different stages were proposed and tested, which could support the life evaluation of organic polymer materials for TFT-LCD.

Marine plankton imaging technology plays an important role in the study of Marine ecosystem, and has great significance to fishery production and basic research of Marine science. In order to adapt to the observation of Marine plankton, a zoom micro-optical system with large relative aperture made for underwater plankton observation was designed. The imaging environment simulated seawater medium and this system was designed by Zemax software. The system used a 8.8 mm×6.6 mm CCD camera, and the imaging system multiplier were 1, 2, 4, respectively. The numerical aperture remains 0.15 during the process of changing times. The field of view was 8 mm×6 mm~2 mm×1.5 mm. At the maximum field of view, the optical transfer function (MTF) of near-axial field of view and 1 field of view at Nyquist frequency 50 lp/mm was both greater than 0.4, and the distortion of the imaging system was controlled within 3%. The microscopic imaging system structure is simple, and can satisfy the plankton imaging of small size, providing the analysis of the plankton and phytoplankton population research with technical support.

In order to investigate the relationship between carrier mobility and crystal morphology of semiconductor thin films, the p-type conjugated organic small molecule 2,7 dioctyl [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (C8-BTBT) was adopted as the active layer of bottom-gate top-contact organic thin film transistor (OTFT), three kinds of processes, and dip-coating, ink-jet printing and vacuum evaporation, were used to prepare the C8-BTBT film. The growth behavior and crystallization of small organic molecules and their effects on the properties of OTFT devices varied with different processes. In addition, the effect of annealing treatment on crystallization of C8-BTBT was studied by XRD measurements. The results show that the films deposited by evaporation have higher crystallinity, high substrate coverage, and exhibit the Stranski-Krastanov (SK) growth mode, and the trap density of the corresponding device is the lowest, so that the mobility is as high as 5.44 cm2·V-1·s-1 and the on/off is more than 106. In addition, annealing could severely destroy the crystallization of C8-BTBT. Therefore, controlling the growth behavior of the semiconductor layer, therefore improving the coverage and crystallinity of the semiconductor layer is an effective way to fabricate high performance conjugated small molecule OTFT devices.

To solve the problem of practical light source lacking in silicon photonic integrated circuit, design and preparation method of integrated module including 1.55 μm InP FP laser chip, InP PIN photodetector chip and silicon optical waveguide was proposed. Silicon edge coupler of inverted cone type was fabricated by CMOS compatible process, and the coupling efficiency was 36.7 %. The laser chip and silicon waveguide chip were coupled by micro-assembly alignment technology, and the coupling efficiency was 35.8 % after UV adhesive curing. The 1 dB alignment tolerance was 1.2 μm horizontally and 0.95 μm longitudinally.