Aiming at the problem of misalignment caused by the gear axis deflection changing the meshing state, a gear meshing misalignment diagnosis method based on the motor stator current signal is proposed. Using the electromagnetic torque of the motor dynamic mathematical model as an intermediate variable, combined with the bending-torsional-axis dynamics model of the gear system, an electromechanical coupling dynamics model of the traction motor-gear transmission system was established. The influence of different axis errors on the stator current signal of the electromechanical coupling dynamics model was explored. The stator current spectrum under different conditions was obtained through spectrum analysis, and the current spectrum characteristics corresponding to the gear axis error were clarified. The research results show that the motor stator current spectrum under axis error shows sidebands related to the power supply fundamental frequency and the gear pair meshing frequency; the impact of the meshing plane angle error on the current spectrum frequency is more obvious than the center distance error and the vertical meshing plane angle error, which is the reason for the non-standard gear intrusive engagement status monitoring provides a reference.

Aiming at the problem of unsteady vibration generated by the vertical mill during the grinding process, a particle damping vibration reduction device installed at the rocker arm of vertical roller mill is proposed to reduce the vibration of vertical mill. First of all, the grinding system of the vertical mill is modeled and analyzed dynamically, and two models with and without vibration dampers are established for comparative analysis, and then the influence of different filling rates and damping materials on the vibration damping effect is investigated. The results show that: under the same external excitation, the vibration of the rocker arm after the installation of vibration damper has been significantly reduced, the filling rate of particle damping in 70%, and the higher the density and modulus of elasticity of the filler material, the better the vibration damping performance, up to 53% vibration damping effect can be achieved. By installing particle damping vibration damper on the rocker arm, the unsteady vibration of the vertical mill can be reduced.

A collaborative control method based on PSO-BP neural network was proposed to solve the problem of uneven distribution of the composite sealing system due to the wide difference in size between fiber and gravel, which realized the high precision control of the composite sealing system. In the composite sealing system, proportional-integral-derivative（PID）controller is used to control the amount of fiber, asphalt and gravel. BP neural network is introduced to optimize the PID parameters in real time, and particle swarm optimization（PSO）algorithm is used to adjust the initial weight and threshold of BP neural network, which effectively improves the overall control performance of the system. Through Matlab/Simulink simulation experiments, the comprehensive performance of the proposed method is compared with that of traditional PID controller and BP-PID controller. The results show that the proposed controller has obvious advantages in response speed, overshoot and steady-state error during the spreading process. The real vehicle test verifies the spreading accuracy of the proposed control method, and successfully realizes the high-precision cooperative control of fiber, asphalt and gravel in the working process of the composite sealing machine.

As a cutting tool of rotary drilling rig, the pick teeth need to be analyzed for its cutting performance, and the structural parameters need to be optimized. Based on the discrete element method and response surface experimental design principle, the relationship between the uniaxial compressive strength of rock and its material constitutive model parameters is studied to determine the calibration results of discrete element parameters for four typical rock layers. A multi-objective evaluation model of tooth cutting performance is explored to reveal the cutting performance of the tooth and optimize the inclination angle, skew angle, and tooth spacing of the tooth arrangement. The research results show that the radial arrangement of teeth performs better in soft rock formations, while the circumferential arrangement of teeth performs better in hard rock formations. The cutting performance is best when the radial tooth arrangement has an inclination angle of 45° and a tooth spacing of 56 mm, while the circumferential tooth arrangement has an inclination angle of 30° and a skew angle of 18°. This study can provide reference for the design of tooth arrangement for rotary drilling rigs in different rock formations.

In order to reduce the tracking error of hydraulic actuators for single rod hydraulic cylinders in excavators, a fuzzy radial basis function（RBF）neural network proportional-integral-derivative（PID）control system based on differential evolution algorithm optimization is proposed. The displacement signal tracking error of hydraulic actuators is verified through simulation. Create a schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit of a single rod hydraulic cylinder, explain the working principle of the excavator hydraulic actuator, and define the load dynamics equation of the hydraulic actuator. Constructing a fuzzy RBF neural network PID control model and introducing differential evolution algorithm as an optimization method can quickly search for the optimal parameters of the RBF neural network PID control system, thereby achieving precise control of excavator hydraulic actuators. Using Matlab software to simulate the displacement signal of a single rod hydraulic actuator and analyze the error size before and after optimization. The results show that before optimization, the tracking error of the displacement signal of the single rod hydraulic actuator is relatively large. After optimization, the tracking error of the displacement signal of the single rod hydraulic actuator is relatively small. The proposed differential evolution algorithm optimizes the fuzzy RBF neural network PID control system, which can enhance the anti-load disturbance ability of the single rod hydraulic actuator, thereby reducing the tracking error of the single rod hydraulic actuator.

To solve the problem of obtaining accurate hinge point force for fatigue life evaluation of the stick, this paper regards the excavation resistance as a more realistic multi-dimensional space force and combines the virtual displacement principle and D’Alembert principle to obtain the calculation model of the hinge point force of the stick. Using ADAMS and EDEM to establish a co-simulation model, the multi-dimensional resistance of the bucket is obtained for the excavation condition of the ditch end with one side bearing, and the theoretical calculation results and simulated analysis results of the hinge point forces of the stick are obtained respectively. Results show that the lateral excavation resistance and the torque load can not be ignored when the bucket is excavated at the end of the ditch. The average percentage relative error between the theoretical calculation results and the simulation analysis results is 5.19%, which verifies the correctness of the proposed model.

In order to improve the stability and comfort of vehicle driving, a model predictive control system based on radial basis function（RBF）neural network is proposed, and the effectiveness of the active suspension control system is verified through simulation. Create a seven degree of freedom vehicle active suspension diagram and define the dynamic equation of the vehicle active suspension. Constructing an active suspension model predictive control system, utilizing the RBF neural network structure to capture the complex dynamic characteristics of the vehicle’s active suspension system. Through learning and training a large amount of data, the active suspension model predictive control parameters can be quickly established, ultimately achieving precise control of the vehicle’s active suspension system. Simulate the body acceleration, suspension displacement, and tire displacement of the vehicle’s active suspension using Matlab software to evaluate the driving performance of the vehicle under different control strategies. The results show that under the excitation of road signals, using model predictive control, the body acceleration, suspension displacement, and tire displacement of the vehicle’s active suspension vary significantly. Using RBF neural network model predictive control, the vehicle’s active suspension has relatively small changes in body acceleration, suspension displacement, and tire displacement. The proposed RBF neural network model predictive control system can enhance the anti-interference ability of vehicle active suspension, thereby maintaining the stability and comfort of vehicle driving.

Aiming at the problem of cooperative control of unmanned double drum vibratory roller fleet, this paper proposes an innovative cooperative control method of double drum roller fleet based on differential homogeneous embryo transformation. In order to meet the demands of road compaction operation conditions, an artificial potential field function is adopted, and a formation model with the characteristics of attracting long-distance and repelling short-distance is established. In order to cope with the external environmental restrictions during the formation compaction process, a formation tracking control method based on differential homogeneous embryo transformation theory is proposed on the basis of this model. Through the differential homogeneous embryo transformation, the constraints on the position of the double drum rollers are successfully realized, so that they can move together within the specified working range. The proposed control method is simulated and verified by Matlab simulation software, which realizes the formation cooperative control of the roller fleet under the starting working condition and compaction working condition. This research provides a new research idea for the field of unmanned construction of roller fleet.

The direct torque control system with hysteresis comparison control method for current AC drive locomotives asynchronous traction motor has shortcomings such as large output torque ripple and high current harmonic content, a direct torque control method of induction motor based on sliding mode control was proposed. A sliding mode flux and torque controller was designed by introducing the exponential reaching law sliding mode algorithm, and its stability was verified by Lyapunov function, an improved direct torque control structure of asynchronous motor was constructed by combining space vector pulse width modulation（SVPWM）. Finally, Matlab/Simulink was used for simulation and comparative analysis, and the conclusion was drawn: compared with hysteresis comparison control method, direct torque control system under sliding mode control method effectively suppressed the output torque ripple of asynchronous motor, and better improved the current harmonics.

This article is based on the pressure test load of each cylinder of excavator working device, the test load of bucket pin and pull rod rocker, based on the D-H matrix transformation, the equivalent load of the excavator working device under each movement attitude change is tested under the boom local coordinate system, which is convenient for carrying out the load analysis of the excavator boom under the fixed posture. By using the displacement of each cylinder of excavator and the invariable design dimension of the working device, the mathematical relationship between the relative hinge point and the displacement of the cylinder of the boom in any position is derived, it provides a method for solving the angle of D-H matrix transformation. On the basis of solving the model, the maximum stress collected at the stress concentration point of the boom was compared with the stress value simulated by the equivalent load, and the relative error was 6.29%, which verified the rationality of the equivalent model. The research results provide a reference for the research on the load fatigue test, load spectrum compilation and anti-fatigue design of excavator boom.

Umbrella drills for small vertical shaft construction are limited by wellbore space and require lower weight for easy portability, safe and reliable structure, and less prone to resonance. In this paper, the model is simplified, and the simulation data are obtained by parametric solution method, and the relationship between input parameters and output response is described by surrogate model; Using Sobol’s sensitivity analysis method for parameter analysis, using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to transform multi-objective optimization problems into a single objective optimization model for comprehensive optimization, reducing the complexity of the optimization model; Improve the locust optimization algorithm and apply it to the optimization solution in this article. The results show that the quality, stress, and displacement deformation of the optimized results have been improved, and the environmental excitation frequency is more than 30% away from adjacent frequencies, indicating an improvement in vibration resistance performance.

In order to solve the problem of swing angle suppression of overhead cranes, an intelligent anti-swing control method based on soft actor-critic（SAC）algorithm is proposed. The reward function is designed to reduce the swing angle and reach the desired position of the trolley as soon as possible, an action network is adopted, with the crane trolley displacement, trolley speed, payload angle and its angular acceleration as the input of the action network, and the driving force as the output of the action network. In order to improve the stability in the training process, four value networks are adopted, and entropy regularization term and entropy weighting coefficient are introduced into the networks to balance the relationship between exploration and utilization in the training process. The value networks obtain the target networks through soft update, which reduces the local optimization and divergence in the training process. Finally, the action network for control is obtained by using model training. The results show that the proposed intelligent anti-swing control system has a good suppression effect on the payload swing angle, and has good robustness to payload mass changes, rope length parameter variations and external disturbances. Compared with the generalized motion method based on the end effector, the proposed method shows certain advantages in the dynamic performance and anti-disturbance of the crane system.

This paper focuses on the rotor system with loose support fault as the research object. A mechanical model of the 6-mass, 12-degree-of-freedom faulty rotor system is established. Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the system are extracted by analyzing the variation of the support mass through numerical methods. Furthermore, the bifurcation characteristics and routes to chaos of the system are investigated. The results indicate that when the support mass of the loose faulty rotor system varies, the system exhibits complex nonlinear dynamic behaviors. The conclusions drawn provide a theoretical foundation for fault diagnosis of this type of rotor system and ensure its safe operation.

In order to improve the anti-interference ability of the feed system control system of CNC machine tools and reduce motion trajectory tracking errors, a SMC-PI（Sliding Mode Controller Proportional Integral）control method was designed, and the motion displacement, speed, and acceleration of the feed system were simulated. A schematic diagram of the CNC machine tool feed system is provided, and its working principle is introduced. A SMC-PI control method for CNC machine tool feed system was designed by combining sliding mode control system with PI control system. The stability of the SMC-PI control system was demonstrated by using the Lyapunov function, which enhances the anti-interference ability of the CNC machine tool feed system control system. Taking different external environments as examples, Matlab software is used to simulate the motion displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the feed system. The results show that in a non-interference external environment, based on traditional PID control and SMC-PI control methods, the tracking errors of displacement, speed, and acceleration in the machine tool feed system are not significantly different. In environments with interference, the SMC-PI control method is significantly superior to traditional PID control, and the tracking errors of motion displacement, speed, and acceleration in the machine tool feed system are relatively small. The use of SMC-PI control method can improve the tracking accuracy of the motion trajectory of the CNC machine tool feed system, and has anti-interference ability.

Magnetic negative stiffness structure has the problem of nonlinearity in engineering applications, which is not conducive to the system’s stable operation. To address this problem, a new negative stiffness structure model, a nine-magnet structure, is proposed based on three-magnet and five-magnet structures. Based on the equivalent load method, an analytical model of the magnetic force and stiffness of the new negative stiffness structure is established. The negative stiffness curves of the three-magnet, five-magnet, and the new negative stiffness structure under the same parameter conditions are analysed. The nonlinearities of the three types of structures are compared and analysed. Finally, the vibration isolation performance of the new negative stiffness structure is dynamically analysed from the absolute displacement transfer rate perspective. The results show that compared with the three-magnet and five-magnet structures, the new negative stiffness structure has a weak nonlinear characteristic while taking into account the action value, and the nonlinearity is optimized, while the vibration isolation performance of the linear vibration isolation system connected in parallel with the structure is also improved.

Taking the reconfigurable 3-RRR planar parallel mechanism（PPM）as the research object, the kinematic chain constraint is applied to the precision planar 3-RRR flexible PPM to solve the problems of complex driving and control and high energy consumption. The inverse kinematics equation of the reconfigurable 3-RRR PPM is established using the closed vector method to solve the equation. On this basis, the sensitivity function mapping model of the component parameters and output parameters of the reconfigurable parallel mechanism is established with the component parameters as the influencing factor. The sensitivity orthogonal experiment simulation analysis of the functional model of the mechanism is carried out using Matlab, and the numerical simulation results are obtained. The analysis results show that the influence direction and sensitivity direction of the component parameters on the output parameters of the mechanism are consistent, providing an effective reference for the parameter design and motion position accuracy design of the improved planar reconfigurable 3-RRR parallel mechanism.

This article designs an electro-hydraulic steering system to solve the problems of poor steering stability during the operation of multi axle vehicles. Firstly, a two degree of freedom four axis mathematical model was established, and the correctness of the mathematical model was verified by setting a vehicle model in Trucksim. A driver preview model was established to simulate the real driver environment, and a sliding mode controller was designed based on the ideal yaw rate and ideal center of mass sideslip angle. An electro-hydraulic steering system was designed based on the principle of hydrostatic transmission. Through joint simulation, the steering system was validated under the commonly used high-speed dual front axle steering mode and double lane changing conditions, while the steering wheel angle step input was verified under the all wheel reverse steering mode. The simulation results show that the designed electro-hydraulic steering system can reduce the minimum turning radius of the vehicle by 21% compared to the dual circuit hydraulic steering system, effectively improving the vehicle’s handling stability.

Based on EEMD-GWO-VMD, a dual noise-reduction method for rolling bearings is proposed to address the problem of poor working environment and difficulty in extracting fault signals. Firstly, utilizing ensemble empirical mode decomposition（EEMD）to decompose the collected signals, filtering out components rich in fault information through a combination of correlation coefficients and kurtosis indicators and reconstructing them. Then, with envelope entropy as the objective function, the grey wolf optimizer（GWO）algorithm is used to optimize the penalty factor and number of modal decomposition layers of variational mode decomposition（VMD）, and the noise reduction effects of VMD, GWO-VMD, and EEMD-GWO-VMD are compared and analyzed using simulation signals. Finally, the effectiveness of the EEMD-GWO-VMD noise reduction method was further verified by combining the CWRU dataset and high-speed train axle box bearing bench test data.

This paper takes the electric drive system of electric excavator as the research object, designs the vector control method of electric drive system, studies the PI control, fuzzy PID control and sliding mode control strategy. The simulation model of electro-hydraulic system of electric excavator is established, and the verification method of typical working conditions is studied. By analyzing the response of the motor and the electro-hydraulic system of the electric excavator under typical working conditions, the validity of the control strategy is proved.

Trestle laying machinery can construct trails without damaging surrounding vegetation and mountain structure, making it an environmentally friendly construction equipment. However, it operates in harsh environments, has a significant weight, and poses substantial safety risks. Monitoring its operational status is a critical means to ensure construction safety. Therefore, a remote monitoring and management system for the trestle laying machinery is proposed to effectively enhance its operational safety, reliability, and efficiency. The paper begins by analyzing the structure and functions of the trestle laying machinery and determining the parameters to be monitored. Based on this analysis, the remote monitoring and management system is designed, including remote communication methods, sensor selection, server configuration, database configuration, and application program. Safety considerations related to anti-overturning of the trestle laying machinery are also analyzed, providing support for the collection of large-scale data and remote management in trestle construction.

In order to shorten the design time of the curved indexing cam driving the packaging mechanism and improve its motion stability, a new design method for curved indexing cam was proposed, and compared and analyzed with other design methods. Design a schematic diagram of the motion cycle of the packaging mechanism and select the optimal motion law curve of the turntable. Establish a mathematical model based on the equation of the ball motion curve on the turntable, and use Matlab software to calculate the three-dimensional coordinate points of the ball motion curve. Import 3D coordinate points into UG software in text format to generate ball motion curves. Using the scanning function in UG software to cut off the cam blank, a three-dimensional model of the curved indexing cam is designed. Assemble and simulate the cam entity in UG software, and compare and analyze it with other design methods. The results showed that under the same conditions, the time for designing the curved indexing cam in this article was reduced by 50%, and the maximum angular acceleration was reduced by 10.69%. The arc-shaped indexing cam designed in this article improves design efficiency and motion stability, providing theoretical support for further optimizing the design of packaging mechanisms.

Propose a methodology combined with multiple angles such as motor overload, fatigue impact, hydraulic characteristics, electromagnetic brake wear, etc., and this methodology can guide the timing of component input the control process reasonably. Verify the correctness of yaw start and stop control design parameters and the rationality of methodology based on millisecond level data collected from the actual operating wind farm. It is necessary to combine the fatigue impact of start stop with the yaw frequency and duration data of different wind field terrains in the yaw database, taking into account the scope of component life verification. At the same time, it is necessary to evaluate the friction work of the electromagnetic brake during the start stop process and the friction work of the electromagnetic brake to maintain the air gap, in order to ensure consistency between the air gap adjustment cycle of the electromagnetic brake and the maintenance cycle of the unit.

The application of superconducting materials in quantum computing relies on their zero resistance characteristics and coherence, making them one of the core technologies for achieving efficient quantum computing. The article analyzes the current status of quantum computing and the problem of decoherence it faces, and explores the performance challenges of superconducting materials in quantum bit implementation. The key application methods of zero resistance effect in quantum circuits are highlighted, and the technical means of optimizing Josephson junction design and low-noise control to extend the coherence time of superconducting quantum bits are elaborated in detail. In addition, the development potential of superconducting materials in quantum computing integrated circuits was discussed, especially how to improve integration and computational efficiency with advanced manufacturing processes and material selection. The exploration of these technologies demonstrates the crucial role of superconducting materials in driving the development of quantum computing.

This study proposes a new lining plate structure for a vertical shaft impact crusher to address anvil structure drawbacks and improve fine sand production efficiency. Using a combined physical and mathematical model based on impact crushing principles, comparative tests were conducted in a virtual environment using the discrete element method（DEM）. Results demonstrated the accuracy of the lining plate model, achieving precise vertical impact and increasing internal impact energy by approximately 34.5%. The novel lining plate installation in the vertical shaft sand making machine rapidly reduced aggregate product size and improved particle size distribution throughout the sand-making cycle.

In order to solve the inconvenience of manual rust removal on the hull surface, a crawler type water jet wall climbing rust removal robot was designed, and a permanent magnet adsorption design was carried out. Firstly, according to the overall structure and design index of the robot, the adsorption force of a single magnet to ensure the static stability of the robot should reach 800 N. Maxwell was used to optimize the parameters of the magnet model. The maximum adsorption force of five 15 mm thick N-S positive and negative magnetic circuit magnets was determined to be 3 163.8 N, and the maximum adsorption force of five 15 mm thick Halbach magnetic circuit magnets was 2 426.1 N. The magnet adsorption force of Halbach magnetic circuit could meet the requirement that the distance between the wall and the magnet was less than 5 mm, and the adsorption force was greater than 800 N, while the N-S positive and negative magnetic circuit could only meet the requirement that the distance between the wall and the magnet was less than 3 mm. Finally, the functional prototype of the robot was built, and the indoor vertical wall climbing and 1∶1 real ship model wall climbing tests were carried out. The research results show that the functional prototype of the robot meets the design requirements, and the robot can be safely attached to the wall, which lays the foundation for the next step of engineering prototype development.

In order to meet the needs of patients with human hip dysfunction for daily rehabilitation and assistance, a wearable hip exoskeleton robot was designed, which could adapt to different wearer body types and realize joint alignment. The simulation results show that the fuzzy active disturbance rejection control（ADRC）can achieve better gait tracking, and then the angle errors of the left and right hip joints are 0.011 rad and 0.006 rad, respectively, and the energy consumption of the three volunteers with and without exoskeleton is reduced by 6%, 7% and 14% respectively. The experimental results show that the exoskeleton system can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the wearer and assist the walker.

During construction, multi-joint long-flexible cantilever beam structure of construction machinery will generate different frequencies vibration which serious affect personal safety and construction efficiency. Besides that, in the tendency of construction mechanical arm pursues extreme length-to-weight ratio, vibration has been one of crucial elements in over-length arm application. This article using test data analysis arm rotation vibration characteristics based on vibration mechanism. Meanwhile, the article researches two-degree freedom vibration model, and innovative uses of parameter identification method to establish transfer function of arm rotation vibration. Furthermore, this article using negative feedback matrix control strategy. It has proven that the rotation vibration amplitude can be reduced more than 80% using this method.

Aiming at the problem of complex underground environment and poor positioning accuracy of traditional inertial navigation, a pose detection system composed of cross pulse laser and pose detection device is proposed. Through the Euler Angle method, the pose parameters of roadheader are solved, and the pose detection experiment platform is set up to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the pose detection system. The results show that the distances of the starting point and the ending point are 59.36 mm and 59.46 mm respectively, and the errors are 0.64 mm and 0.55 mm, respectively. For the overall detection system, the position and pose of the boring machine were detected 10 meters away from the light source. The maximum error in the X axis direction was 0.46 mm, the maximum error in the Y axis was 95 mm, the maximum error in the Z axis was 0.47 mm, the maximum error in the heading angle was 0.21°, the maximum error in the pitch angle was 0.07° and the maximum error in the roll angle was 0.06°. It can be seen that the pose detection system can resist ambient light interference and meet the pose measurement accuracy requirements of underground boring machine, which provides a certain reference for downhole pose detection.

The rapid, accurate, and convenient measurement of the volume and quality of aggregate in concrete yards has always been a technical challenge for concrete enterprises. Improving the accuracy and efficiency of aggregate measurement can effectively enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. To address the challenge of aggregate measurement, this paper proposes a stock inventory method for mixing plant material yards using three-dimensional laser scanning technology. It utilizes laser LiDAR scanning technology to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data. After data collection, outlier point filtering, and point cloud repair using the OPENCV INPAINT function, combined with three-dimensional imaging models, it achieves high-precision measurement（millimeter-level）and intelligent monitoring of the inventory in the mixing plant material yard. The actual inventory has an average volume error of 3.43% and an average weight error of 0.86%, effectively improving the measurement accuracy and digitized management depth of raw material inventory in the mixing plant.

Based on virtual instrument technology and taking Chongqing metro as an example, a wireless monitoring system that can automatically monitor the vibration reduction performance of track structures for a long-time is designed and developed. This enables real-time monitoring of vibration response, analysis and processing of vibration data, and prediction and analysis of the vibration reduction performance of track structures. The wireless monitoring system consists of hardware devices and software systems. The hardware devices mainly consist of a switched power supply, piezoelectric acceleration sensors, data acquisition cards, and wireless transmission modules. The software system mainly consists of a login interface and main interface modules, communication connection modules, data acquisition modules, and data playback and analysis processing modules. After reasonable selection and good construction of hardware equipment and software systems, the accuracy and reliability of the wireless monitoring system are compared and verified through drop hammer testing.

In the study of the fault diagnosis method of star-rated gearbox, the high-speed shaft is often used to detect the fault information of the medium speed shaft. The frequency component of the medium speed shaft is susceptible to the interference of the high-speed shaft, resulting in the low signal-to-noise ratio. By combining the variational mode extraction algorithm and the maximum correlation cliff deconvolution algorithm, the correlation frequency component of the medium speed axis can be effectively extracted while suppressing the noise component in the original signal, so as to solve the problem that the correlation frequency of the high-speed axis under the measurement point is vulnerable to other signals.

Existing methods for diagnosing fault in hydraulic component face significant challenges when dealing with dynamic conditions. This paper focuses on the study of leakage fault within hydraulic directional valve and proposes a fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian theory. Firstly, this method calculates signal characteristics. Then it selects fault features based on correlation analysis and introduces principal component analysis to construct leakage features. Finally, by utilizing Bayesian model and Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling iteration to estimate the parameters of the leakage model, the diagnosis of leakage faults in hydraulic directional valve is achieved. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to existing fault diagnosis models, this method exhibits higher robustness and accuracy under dynamic pressure conditions, while also avoiding the drawbacks of deep learning methods that rely on large amounts of fault data.

In order to improve the influence of the clamp parameters of the power stabilizer on the dynamic stability operation, a model of the ballast track system was established based on Maplesim to analyze the influence of the clamp system of the power stabilizer on the stability of the ballast bed. Using orthogonal experiment method, with clamp system parameters as research factors, clamp system energy loss and sleeper lateral acceleration as evaluation indexes, the significance and sensitivity of operation parameters were analyzed. The results show that the energy loss of rail decreases with the increase of clamp force, decreases first and then increases with the increase of wheel-rail contact point, and the lateral acceleration of sleeper decreases with the increase of clamp wheel angle. The significant influence of clamp parameters on the clamping effect is as follows: clamping force > wheel-rail contact position > clamping wheel angle. When the clamp wheel angle is 15°, the wheel-rail contact position is at the midpoint on the side of the rail head, and the clamp force is 70 kN, the clamp effect of the power stability device is the best.

This article, based on Bloch theory, introduces a dual-component periodic structure support rod. Employing the finite element method with COMSOL and ABAQUS, the study investigates the impact of unit cell structural parameters on bandgap and vibration characteristics. Samples are produced using 3D printing technology, and the effects of the bandgap on vibration properties are analyzed through mutual validation of experimental and numerical calculations. Finally, a simulation comparison of the vibration properties between periodic and non-periodic support rods is conducted. The results indicate that increasing the wall thickness of the unit cell widens the bandgap while simultaneously reducing the starting frequency of the bandgap. A larger inter-element spacing or greater radial disparity between elements results in a wider bandgap and a lower starting frequency. As the number of unit cells in the periodic structure increases, vibration damping shows a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease in the low-frequency region. Compared to cylindrical members, periodic structures exhibit stronger damping in vibration transmission. Through mutual validation of experimental and numerical analyses, it is found that the structure exhibits effective vibration reduction within the bandgap range.