The application of superconducting materials in quantum computing relies on their zero resistance characteristics and coherence, making them one of the core technologies for achieving efficient quantum computing. The article analyzes the current status of quantum computing and the problem of decoherence it faces, and explores the performance challenges of superconducting materials in quantum bit implementation. The key application methods of zero resistance effect in quantum circuits are highlighted, and the technical means of optimizing Josephson junction design and low-noise control to extend the coherence time of superconducting quantum bits are elaborated in detail. In addition, the development potential of superconducting materials in quantum computing integrated circuits was discussed, especially how to improve integration and computational efficiency with advanced manufacturing processes and material selection. The exploration of these technologies demonstrates the crucial role of superconducting materials in driving the development of quantum computing.