This paper takes the electric drive system of electric excavator as the research object, designs the vector control method of electric drive system, studies the PI control, fuzzy PID control and sliding mode control strategy. The simulation model of electro-hydraulic system of electric excavator is established, and the verification method of typical working conditions is studied. By analyzing the response of the motor and the electro-hydraulic system of the electric excavator under typical working conditions, the validity of the control strategy is proved.