“Fragmented” cultivated land governance conforms to the inherent requirements of high-quality development, and responds to the strictest requirements of cultivated land protection dimension in the new development stage. This paper focuses on the problem of “fragmented” cultivated land that modern agriculture must face, tries to analyze the endogenous logic and practical challenges faced by the governance of “fragmented” cultivated land under the background of high-quality development from different dimensions, and focuses on the overall resource space optimization, promote the fragmented continuous improvement, improve the incentive mechanism, empower the ecological culture and other aspects of targeted suggestions. The results show that, although “fragmented” cultivated land governance is a long-term process, orderly promotion of “fragmented” cultivated land governance will largely play an effective role in promoting the “trinity” protection of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology, improving the utilization level of cultivated land capacity, promoting large-scale governance of cultivated land, guiding the optimization of spatial resources, and promoting ecological services of cultivated land. In the process of orderly cultivation of “fragmented” cultivated land and improving the quality of existing cultivated land, strict control over the use of cultivated land will be implemented, and centralized and contiguous protection and quality improvement of cultivated land will be promoted with the goal of improving the protection of cultivated land by agglomeration. The research results are expected to provide useful theoretical reference and decision-making reference for further promoting the governance of “fragmented” cultivated land.

Implementing the cultivated land requisition-compensation balance policy is an important aspect of ensuring food security and ecological security in China. Based on the statistical data of 288 prefecture-level cities in China in 2022, this study comprehensively considered the suitability and cost-benefit of supplementing cultivated land from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Using fuzzy compromise decision-making and cost-benefit calculation methods, a cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land plan was formulated and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed. The results showed that: (1) The priority areas for cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land were mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Chongqing and Guangxi. These areas should intensify the protection of arable land and design a dynamic arable land ecological compensation mechanism in combination with the ecological service value of the arable land in the priority supplementation area and the economic development level of the occupied area. (2) The moderately suitable areas for cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land were mainly distributed in the central-south and western regions. These areas had a certain degree of development flexibility. It is possible to establish an “arable land - economic flexibility index” to regularly assess and adjust the threshold of arable land reserve resources and the economic growth rate. When the reserve resources of cultivated land in priority areas are sufficient, economic construction can be carried out, otherwise, cultivated land replenishment can be carried out. (3) The areas that were not suitable for cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land were mainly distributed north of the Yellow River, south of the Great Wall and along the Bohai Sea to the East China Sea. The areas north of the Yellow River and south of the Great Wall were mainly characterized by poor quality of cultivated land. It is recommended to carry out comprehensive land improvement, improve the quality of cultivated land, and curb the non-agricultural use of cultivated land. The area along the Bohai Sea to the East China Sea is economically developed regions in China, and the cost of supplementing arable land is high. It is possible to develop economic construction while protecting cultivated land and ecological environment, and provide financial support for priority selection areas for cultivated land supplementation.

Natural resource evaluation is a prerequisite for the rational utilization of natural resources. Compared with traditional monitoring and assessment approaches, the evaluation of natural resources in highly urbanized zone should emphasize the holistic assessment of components and interactions within socio-ecological systems. From the perspective of full-element and full-cycle management of natural resources, this study introduces adaptive cycle theory to address the resource endowments and refined management characteristics of urbanized zone. A comprehensive evaluation indicator system is developed using methods such as the CRITIC weighting approach and multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation, with Shanghai as an empirical case to support optimized natural resource governance. The results demonstrate that: (1) Compared to traditional monitoring frameworks, this indicator system provides a novel theoretical lens for evaluating natural resources in urbanized zone, better reflecting human-nature interactions within resource systems. (2) From 2006 to 2020, Shanghai exhibited improvements in three dimensions—resource potential, ecological resilience, and spatial connectivity. All districts remained in the development-conservation transitional phase, highlighting the urgent need to integrate the conservation and development of diverse natural resource elements and spatial categories.

The construction of a park city is a new topic and paradigm for the sustainable development of cities in practice of the concept of ecological civilization, which realistic significance for the low-carbon green high-quality development and modernization of cities. Based on the practical situation of the construction of a park city in the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan metropolitan area, this article summarizes the basic conditions and existing problems of the construction of a park city in Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Metropolitan area, focusing on the four of “serving people, building cities, beautifying the environment and upgrading industries”, and proposes targeted implementation paths for the construction of a park city in Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan metropolitan area, and finally proposes corresponding strategies: (1) Grasp the connotation of the park city accurately, and implement the concept of the construction of a park city throughout the process of the planning, construction, control and governance of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan metropolitan area; (2) Improve the urban agglomeration's urban-ural comprehensive management capacity by building an urban form of integration of people and cities, an urban green state of green waters and green mountains, a diverse and open urban culture state and an and green urban industry state; (3) Strengthen the mechanism of guaranteeing factors, build a diversified investment and financing system, optimize the introduction of scarce high-level, and actively build a scientific mechanism of saving land. This research aims to provide theoretical and practical experience references for the high-quality development of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan metropolitan Area and the construction of park cities in other cities.

Land reserves have played an irreplaceable role in stabilizing urban growth, promoting transformation, and ensuring people's livelihood. At present, Shanghai's urban development is facing the dual pressure of counter-cyclical adjustment and resource constraints. Based on the in-depth analysis of the existing problems in the current land reserve, including lack of close integration between land reserve and planning implementation, imperfect overall control mechanisms, and insufficient comprehensive benefits, this paper proposes that the overall planning of Shanghai city should be taken as the guide, focusing on the construction of “five centers” and strengthen the overall planning as leading role in the city's land reserve work. Establish and improve a new land reserve mechanism characterized by “one leadership and five overall planning”, focus on the construction of reserve planning and programme system, storage and supply linkage mechanism, urban-rural integration mechanism, and high-quality implementation path, and provide relevant work suggestions for the implementation of the new land reserve mechanism, including deepening the implementation of the new mechanism for land reserve, carefully formulating land reserve planning and annual plans, focusing on enhancing the overall coordination of municipal land reserve work, carefully constructing high-quality implementation paths for land reserve, and deepening the construction of smart scenarios and information platforms. The top-level design and implementation path for the land reserve work in the future period is established.

For the undrained shear failure of saturated clay, designing methods based on the strength parameters of ccu and cu obtained by the triaxial consolidated-undrained shear test (CU test) were developed in domestic engineering field. In contrast, the =0 method with the total strength Su is commonly used internationally. Based on the mechanical intrinsity of Coulomb's law of friction and the Mohr circle analysis method in solid mechanics, it was pointed out that the strength envelope and the corresponding strength parameters (ccu, cu or the transformed parameters ccq, cq) obtained by the triaxial CU test do not have the intrinsic nature of Coulomb's law of friction and it is prefer to be regarded as the dependency of total strength Su on the effective consolidation stress ′c. The advantages of the application of the =0 method in practice and the principle of determination of total strength Su were discussed, and the misleading of the mechanical principle of this method in domestic researchers were clarified. Based on several analysis examples of slope stability, earth pressure and foundation bearing capacity, the problems caused by mistaking the ccu and cu as the Coulomb's strength parameters in practice were discussed in detail.

Against the backdrop of rapid urbanization and high-density urban expansion, the construction environment of urban rail transit is complex, and the adverse social impacts and safety accidents caused by settlement of surrounding houses and road surfaces due to foundation pit construction are not uncommon. As one of the important risk sources in the construction process of deep foundation pits, depressurization and precipitation of pressurized water are crucial. It is particularly important to control them reasonably and minimize the adverse effects of precipitation on surrounding buildings (structures) while ensuring the safety of the foundation pit. This article takes the deep foundation pit project of a station on Shanghai Metro Line 21 as an example to introduce the overall idea of fine control of deep foundation pit depressurization and dewatering. Combining on-site pumping tests, numerical simulation calculations, excavation condition subdivision of foundation pits, and digital dewatering systems, the adverse effects of depressurization and dewatering during excavation on the outside of the pit are greatly reduced, maintaining the safety of surrounding buildings and providing reference and inspiration for the construction of similar projects in the future.

This study resolves the discrepancies between stability analysis results derived from current dewatering design standards for foundation pits and actual confined-water-induced accidents. By differentiating between local weak points at interfaces and overall pit risk characteristics, we systematically analyze emergency response capabilities under varying stability coefficients against confined water, thereby establishing a four-tier design framework for confined water control in metro foundation pits. For Tier IV criteria (aquifer burial depth ≥25 m and stability coefficient >0.8), we investigate pit scale characteristics and propose a stability criterion incorporating interface side friction resistance. Comparative analysis of historical metro excavation surge cases reveals prediction deviations of -33% and 42% for conventional pressure balance and shear strength methods, respectively. The proposed simplified discriminant reduces deviations to within 8%, significantly improving failure prediction accuracy. Engineering validation under 15-day sustained excavation with a stability coefficient of 0.86 (non-dewatering conditions) demonstrated no safety incidents, yielding a modified stability coefficient of 1.39. This confirms the method's effectiveness and reliability in confined-water stability analysis. Implementation of this framework reduces construction risks, engineering costs, accident probability, and environmental impacts, demonstrating significant benefits across social, economic, and environmental dimensions. The research provides critical theoretical foundations and technical paradigms for analogous geotechnical engineering applications.

Inspection of rail transit safety protection zones is a critical measure for ensuring urban rail transit safety. However, in complex nocturnal environments, traditional manual inspections and UAV visible light technologies struggle to meet inspection requirements. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an intelligent monitoring method integrating thermal infrared imagery technology with the YOLOv5 deep learning algorithm. The approach involves equipping unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with thermal infrared cameras for nocturnal image acquisition in protection zones. The YOLOv5 model is employed for target detection of construction equipment in thermal infrared imagery, while thermal anomaly feature extraction, dynamic background modeling, and a multi-rule classifier are comprehensively applied to achieve automatic identification and judgment of construction equipment status. This study selects the Liuchen Road Depot of Shanghai Metro Line 21 as the experimental area, conducting test research through route design, dataset preparation, model training, and performance evaluation. Experimental results demonstrate high accuracy in equipment identification and status monitoring, with the overall model algorithm precision reaching 94.33% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.89. This method effectively fulfills the demands of nocturnal rail transit inspections, enabling precise recognition of nighttime construction equipment in safety protection zones, early warning of abnormal environmental temperature changes, and discrimination of equipment operating states. It provides a feasible technical solution for implementing nocturnal inspections of urban rail transit systems.

Integrated analyses of biostratigraphic, chronostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic and seismic stratigraphic data were conducted to investigate the Mesozoic stratigraphic framework and basin evolution of the Fuzhou sag. The results show: (1) Jurassic strata are identified in the pre-Cenozoic succession based on palynological assemblages, microfossil records and igneous rock geochronology; (2) Seismic interpretation and balanced cross-section restoration indicate the Fuzhou and Diaobei sags formed a unified Jurassic basin with east-thickening and south-thickening sedimentary packages, dish-shaped stratigraphic architecture, and a depocenter in the southern sector; (3) During Cretaceous, the basin shows continuous development with northeast-thickening strata and northeastward migration of depocenter; (4) Cenozoic rifting separated the sags by the Yudong Low Uplift, disrupting Mesozoic continuity. The Jurassic source rocks are widely distributed in Fuzhou sag with minimal alteration by late Cenozoic tectonism and volcanism, suggesting favorable conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. These findings provide new insights into the petroleum potential of this continental margin basin.

Cohesive soil in Gehu formation is the foundation bearing layer most used in the Suzhou–Wuxi–Changzhou area, and it's also one of the most commonly used stratum in underground space development. We selected 126 geological boreholes to research this stratum using 446 groups of sample data (400 groups of training data and 46 groups of prediction data). We used a neural network algorithm to establish a relationship model between physical parameters and mechanical parameters. We then input 46 groups of prediction data into the model to verify its reliability and also used specific data to research the relationship between physical and mechanical parameters. The results show that: (1) The Pearson correlation coefficient between the prediction results and measured data is more than 0.8, better than the fitting results of multiple linear regression. The model is verified as reliable. (2) There is a certain correlation between physical and mechanical parameters, and the neural network algorithm can express correlation models between multiple parameters. The neural network algorithm allows the understanding of the high value in the utilization of engineering geological big data. The method is simple and reliable, and it can be applied in the research and analysis of data.

In recent years, the construction technology of urban 3D models has been applied to the planning and research of numerous “digital cities” and key urban areas, greatly improving the visualization and data field calculation capabilities of resource survey and monitoring results. Based on the integration technology of multi-source data, this article proposes a general framework for the construction of an integrated 3D model of aboveground and underground areas. Key technologies such as data storage, network transmission, and spatial topology optimization are studied, and an integrated 3D model of aboveground and underground areas in the southwest third ring road area of Beijing is constructed unify and transform multi-source 3D data through data standardization processing, and use AI technology and wavelet transform algorithms for integrated storage, management, and transmission The surface scene model and 3D geological model are combined and preprocessed using the benchmark drilling vector as the vertical ruler of the stratum optimize and adjust the spatial topology errors that exist in the overall and unit regions during the model integration process, solve the connection problem between spatial models, and improve the accuracy of integrated integration.

The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, situated at the juncture of the Eurasian and Indian Ocean tectonic plates, boasts abundant geothermal resources. Based on the intensity of geothermal activities and other factors, the Xizang Autonomous Region can be divided into four regions, among which the high-temperature geothermal zone in southern Tibet exhibits the largest number and the most intense geothermal activities. Consequently, southern Tibet possesses immense potential for geothermal resource development. China's first geothermal power station was established in the Yangbajing geothermal field of southern Tibet, and calculations using the thermal storage method indicate that the exploitable heat energy of geothermal resources in southern Tibet reaches 6.013×1018 Joules per annum. Benefiting from its structural development, the geothermal system in southern Tibet is primarily characterized by deep circulation, with heat sources primarily stemming from magmatic hydrothermal replenishment and heat exchange with surrounding rocks. Both structural development and magmatic activities contribute to the abundance of geothermal resources in this region. Drawing upon the geological tectonic backdrop, this paper provides a detailed assessment of typical geothermal systems within three geothermal resource-rich areas: Xigaze, Shannan, and Dangxiong, encompassing geothermal fields such as Chazi, Chabu, Tagejia, Gudui, and Yangbajing. Through analyses of geothermal fluid temperature, thermal reservoir characteristics, and geothermal resource quantities, the paper uncovers the geothermal genesis mechanisms of these three resource-rich regions. This work serves as a scientific basis for further exploration and development of geothermal resources in Southern Tibet.

In view of the current standard analysis method of iodide in groundwater is only a single spectrophotometric method, and there are some shortcomings such as harsh reaction conditions, low sensitivity and low accuracy, it is very important to establish an efficient and accurate method of iodide test for monitoring high-iodine groundwater in coastal areas. In this study, by referring to the gas chromatographic analysis method of National food safety standard: Testing methods for drinking natural mineral water (GB 8538–2022), the sample concentration was realized while the operation steps were simplified by optimizing the sample pretreatment steps, the linear concentration range of the standard curve was expanded, and an analytical method suitable for the measurement of iodine content in groundwater in areas with high iodine content was established. The data showed that the correlation coefficient of the standard curve of iodide was greater than 0.999 in the range of 0.0 to 1.0 mg/L. The limit of detection was 0.0002 mg/L, RSD<5.0%, and the recoveries were 86.1%~114%. The method has the advantages of high sensitivity, good repeatability, high accuracy and wide range of test concentration, which can reduce the matrix difference and error caused by sample dilution, and is suitable for the analysis and test of iodide in groundwater in high iodine area.

China's urban development is undergoing a deep transformation from incremental development to stock optimization. The reuse of industrial land has become a key issue in cracking the constraints of land resources and promoting urban renewal and industrial transformation. Using CiteSpace knowledge graph analysis, this study visualizes and analyzes the research literature on industrial land redevelopment from 2013 to 2023, and systematically sort out the research progress and hot topics in this field. On this basis, the PSI analysis framework of “Property rights-Space-Industry” is constructed to reveal the core issues and research logic of industrial land reuse from a multi-dimensional perspective. It is found that domestic literature mainly focuses on the triple dilemma of property rights conflict, space fragmentation and industrial homogenization, and explores their causes and spatial transformation paths, while research focuses on multi-dimensional benefit assessment, brownfield regeneration strategy, spatial reconfiguration paths, and stakeholder participation mechanism. Based on the results of the analysis, this paper proposes that future research should strengthen the dynamic assessment of the implementation effect of industrial land reuse, explore the multi-benefit distribution mechanism and multi-scale spatial governance strategy, and promote the synergistic integration of spatial reconstruction and ecological restoration, so as to realize the efficient use and sustainable transformation of the stock of industrial land.

The relationship between seaports and inland regions not only impacts the development of coastal areas and port logistics, but influences land-sea resource flows and industrial linkages, constituting a crucial issue in national spatial planning for coastal and inland territories. The classification and naming of port hinterland types reflect the functional relationships and their evolution between seaports and hinterlands. This study integrates the smoke plume model with a hierarchical clustering model, considering multiple functional factors including transportation, economic, and logistics. It calculates the influence intensity values of ports on different hinterland cities, and categorizes the hinterland into four types in descending tier order——direct, competitive, peripheral, and potential hinterland. Furthermore, the study depicts and and visualizes the evolving spatial patterns of Ningbo Zhoushan Port's hinterland types in the four provinces of Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Jiangxi over five periods: 2009, 2014, 2017, 2019, and 2022. This research explores a new quantitative methodology for identifying different types of seaport hinterlands, characterizes the spatial and temporal dynamics of hinterland typologies of the case port, reveals regional distribution features of hinterland types, and analyzes the changing influence of location factors. The findings may derive insights for ports and their hinterlands relationship, and the coordinated development between coastal and inland areas.

The matching between industrial agglomeration and spatial resources is related to the efficient utilization of resources. This study employs ArcGIS tools with 100 m×100 m grid cells, combined with methods such as enterprise value evaluation system, location entropy index, spatial production intensity index, and coupling coordination degree model. By analyzing productive industry agglomeration and spatial utilization intensity, it investigates the alignment between industrial agglomeration and spatial resources along with influencing factors. The research finds that the business scale of productive service industries and manufacturing enterprises in Liuhe District has increased significantly, and advanced service industries and manufacturing have become the industrial focus. The high agglomeration space of productive service industry is relatively concentrated, while the high agglomeration space of productive manufacturing industry is relatively dispersed. The collaborative agglomeration of the two industries is mainly at level Ⅱ-Ⅲ, and the intensity of industrial spatial development is mainly low to relatively low. Among them, high-intensity spaces mainly expand outward from the urban area as the center; The agglomeration spatial matching and collaborative agglomeration spatial matching of productive service industries show an upward trend at the intermediate level or above in industrial agglomeration spatial matching. And industrial agglomeration spatial matching division was carried out for productive and service industries in different towns and streets, in order to provide reference for the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure in similar regions such as Liuhe District and even the Yangtze River Delta region.

Intensive land use serves as a crucial lever for coordinating economic development and carbon emission reduction. Improving land use efficiency is of vital importance for promoting green transformation in the industrial sector. Based on panel data from Chinese prefecture-level cities spanning 2010 to 2022, this study constructs a two-stage analytical framework integrating the Super-Slacks-Based Measure (Super-SBM) model and a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach to systematically evaluate the impact and underlying mechanisms of the 2014 land-saving and intensive-use policy on urban industrial carbon total factor productivity (CTFP). The results indicate that: ① the policy significantly improved urban industrial CTFP, as confirmed by a series of robustness checks; ② mechanism analysis reveals that the policy primarily enhanced CTFP by promoting technological progress in the industrial sector, and meanwhile both environmental regulation intensity and digital infrastructure have significant positive moderating effects on the policy outcomes; and ③ heterogeneity analysis shows that the policy effects are more pronounced in mega cities and large cities, and that differences in urban economic density also influence policy effectiveness. These findings offer empirical evidence and policy implications for integrating land-use strategies with China's “dual-carbon” goals and advancing green industrial transformation in the new development stage.

Scientific calculation of ecological compensation standards is key to achieving the coordinated development of ecology and economy. Taking the ecological development zone of Huizhou City as a case study, this research constructs a compensation standard calculation method that integrates ecosystem service value (ESV) accounting with payment capacity adjustment coefficients. First, based on the equivalent factor method, the ESV is evaluated by incorporating land use changes and grain yield correction coefficients, resulting in an ESV increment of 5.83 billion CNY for the period 2020–2024. Second, the engel coefficient is introduced to build a resident payment capacity coefficient, while principal component analysis and the entropy weight method are used to construct a regional payment capacity coefficient. The estimated ecological compensation amount is 3.29 billion CNY, accounting for 0.57% of Huizhou's GDP and 7.10% of its fiscal revenue during the same period. The study shows that by quantifying regional economic disparities and payment capacities, the ecological compensation standard can be scientifically determined and is practically feasible. The results provide theoretical support and policy guidance for the design of ecological compensation mechanisms in urban territorial spatial planning.

Identifying key areas for ecological protection and restoration through scientific methods holds significant importance. By assessing the ecosystem service function of Xiangshui County, analyzing the existing ecological problems, using MCR model to put forward the optimization plan of ecological security pattern, and explore the key direction of ecological protection and restoration of typical counties in the east coast. The results showed that: ① Three main ecological problems should be paid attention to in the ecological protection and restoration work in the study area: the reduction of coastal wetland area, the lack of connectivity of river network and water system, and the fragmentation of cultivated land in some areas; ② The ecological source area of 151.9 km2 was identified, concentrated in the coastal area; 376.4 km ecological corridor is generated, showing a “north-south symmetry”; ③ Based on optimizing and constructing the ecological security pattern plan of “one screen, two cores and three belts”, there are three key areas for ecological protection and restoration are identified, and the main tasks such as protecting coastal wetlands and unimpeded river network were proposed to build an ecological security system in which the sea and river are interconnected. This research can provide a thinking path and research experience for the ecological protection and restoration work and planning compilation of counties in the eastern coastal area.

The synergistic development of industries in aquapelago faces a dual dilemma characterized by the interaction of multiple stressors and insufficient analysis of synergistic factor mechanisms. Deconstructing the configuration effects of land-sea elements from the perspective of household adaptation has become a potential pathway to explore the mechanisms of land-sea industrial synergy. Guided by the integrated land and sea management theory, this study selects Dongtou District in Wenzhou City of Zhejiang Province, a typical island aquaculture base, as the research case. Employing a mixed-method approach combining grounded theory and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), it reveals the driving logic of household adaptation behaviors and its factors on industrial synergy. The findings demonstrate: ① High temperatures, seawater pollution, labor shortage, land use conflicts and market fluctuations constitute the primary pressures on marine aquaculture around islands, with spatial effects exhibiting superimposed sensitivity characteristics at land-sea interfaces. ② The transition to intensive aquaculture in coastal zones fosters mutual feedback through industrial chain expansion, while the shift toward green aquaculture establishes reciprocal feedback via integrated fishery-tourism development. Household adaptation strategies actively drive these coupled feedback mechanisms. Attention should be given to industrial chain transmission issues and the livelihood transition challenges faced by small-to-medium-scale households. ③ The aquapelago achieves scaled intensification of aquaculture through the synergistic configuration of factors including stable tenure rights, scale transition, technology integration, and policy reinforcement, while driving industrial structure optimization via the aligned configuration of green aquaculture practices, technical support systems, and farmer endorsement mechanisms. To enhance synergy between industry structural adjustment and sustainable marine utilization, measures should enhance three-dimensional utilization of aquapelago, develop sustainable knowledge systems about marine functional zones, and leverage industry leaders to bridge land-sea spatial function. This research offers novel insights into the coordinated development of traditional island industrial improving, and intensive marine utilization under the land-sea coordination framework.

Optimizing the spatial pattern of rural stock construction land is crucial for resolving the imbalance in urban-rural land resource allocation and advancing rural revitalization. While existing studies predominantly focus on urban construction land, this research addresses the insufficient attention to rural stock land. By revealing spatial agglomeration and fragmentation characteristics, it provides insights for formulating differentiated land consolidation policies and promoting integrated urban-rural development. This study holds significance for optimizing rural “production-living-ecological spaces” and fostering rural revitalization. Utilizing survey data from Ningbo City, we constructed a multidimensional evaluation model integrating kernel density analysis, geographic concentration index, and fragmentation index to investigate rural stock construction land at municipal and county scales. Key findings include: ① Rural stock land in Ningbo exhibits a “globally scattered, locally clustered” distribution pattern. ② All four land-use types demonstrate significant spatial agglomeration. ③ Cixi, Zhenhai, and Beilun are identified as Grade-Ⅰ fragmentation zones with high intensive-use potential. The study validates the applicability of the multidimensional model in rural land spatial analysis and proposes a differentiated zoning governance strategy. These results offer theoretical references for county-scale territorial spatial planning in similar regions, advocating “categorized guidance and zoned implementation” to enhance rural land consolidation and revitalization.

Developing new quality productivity and enhancing the efficiency of agricultural resource utilization are of crucial importance for promoting the high-quality development of agriculture. With the acceleration of urbanization in China, the protected vegetable industry, as an important means to improve vegetable yield and quality, has drawn increasing attention in terms of the evaluation of its resource utilization efficiency. In recent years, Shanghai has been vigorously promoting the development of the protected vegetable industry and continuously accelerating the construction of modern protected vegetable bases. This paper focuses on Pudong New Area, which is a national leading area for modern facility agriculture innovation. It comprehensively analyzes the resource utilization efficiency of protected vegetables by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and grey relational analysis (GRA) methods. The study finds that among the 56 valid decision-making units, 27 are relatively DEA-efficient, while 29 have efficiency problems. In terms of pure technical efficiency, 31 decision-making units are efficient, with an average pure technical efficiency value of 0.873; in terms of scale efficiency, 27 decision-making units are efficient. Further analysis shows that scale efficiency is the main factor affecting technical efficiency, and some inefficient decision-making units have room for improvement in resource allocation, management, and technology application. Through the grey relational analysis to rank the efficient decision-making units, it is found that the gap between each efficient unit and the ideal unit is small, and the resource utilization situation is relatively good. At the same time, the improvement analysis of the inefficient decision-making units clarifies the adjustment directions of the input and output indicators of each unit. Based on the above research results, this paper proposes suggestions such as moderate-scale operation, attaching importance to the innovation and application of protected vegetable technology, developing vegetable processing enterprises, and promoting brand building. This study not only enriches the research cases on the resource utilization efficiency of facility agricultural land but also provides targeted reference opinions for the development of the protected vegetable industry in Pudong New Area and other leading areas for modern facility agriculture innovation. It has theoretical and practical significance for the development of new quality productivity in the field of facility agriculture.

To achieve the trinity protection goal of “quantity-quality-ecology” for permanent basic farmland and scientifically support the refined governance of territorial space, this paper takes Langxia Town in Jinshan District, Shanghai, as a case study, focusing on the quality evaluation and differentiated management methods of permanent basic farmland at the township scale. Based on multi-source data, including the “Three Zones and Three Lines” delineation results, national land change surveys, and cultivated land quality grades, a comprehensive evaluation system was constructed from five dimensions: intrinsic quality, infrastructure construction, spatial layout, cropping attributes, and protection effectiveness. GIS spatial analysis and statistical methods were employed to quantify the quality differences among permanent basic farmland patches. The study proposes a differentiated management strategy of “prioritizing high-quality areas while utilizing lower-quality ones, and maintaining dynamic balance”. The innovation lies in establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation framework integrating natural endowments, policy implementation, and spatial patterns. This research provides scientific references for the protection, optimization, and major construction project siting of permanent basic farmland in similar regions.

Cultivated land resilience is a core capacity for ensuring food security and sustainable land use. Assessing its spatiotemporal evolution and obstacle factors is crucial for regional agricultural green transition. This study comprehensively employs the catastrophe progression model and TOPSIS model to analyze the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of cultivated land resilience across 111 counties in Guangxi from 2010 to 2021. Additionally, an obstacle factor diagnosis model is applied to identify major obstacle types, classify “resilience + obstacle” combinations, and propose differentiated improvement strategies. The results show that: ① Guangxi's cultivated land resilience scores between 0.67 and 0.70, indicating a moderate overall level. ② Spatial patterns exhibit an east-high, west-low gradient with notable regional imbalances. ③ Thirteen “resilience-obstacle” types were identified, with insufficient ecological buffering capacity being the most prevalent. Eight differentiated improvement strategies were proposed to support agricultural green transition in Guangxi and provide methodological insights for resilience studies in karst regions.

The diversity of regional functions in the county leads to the difference in the degree of regional multi-functional coupling and coordination, and affects the development of rural residential land consolidation. Takes Wannian County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province as an example, based on the calculation of regional multi-functional coupling coordination degree, combined with the evaluation results of rural residential land suitability, the consolidation strategies of rural residential areas under different regional multi-functional coupling coordination degrees are analyzed. The results show that: (1) The demand for rural residential land consolidation in Wannian County is affected by the results of regional multi-functional coupling coordination and land suitability to a certain extent; (2) According to this, the existing rural settlements are divided into five categories: reserved development, internal transformation, industrial drive, central village integration and whole village relocation, with an area of 1839.48 hm2, 948.99 hm2, 1087.73 hm2, 342.18 hm2 and 23.03 hm2, respectively; (3) Corresponding consolidation strategies are proposed for different types of rural settlements. From the perspective of regional multi-functional coupling and coordination, the results of this study can provide new ideas and reference for the development and implementation of rural residential land consolidation and rural revitalization.