Implementing the cultivated land requisition-compensation balance policy is an important aspect of ensuring food security and ecological security in China. Based on the statistical data of 288 prefecture-level cities in China in 2022, this study comprehensively considered the suitability and cost-benefit of supplementing cultivated land from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Using fuzzy compromise decision-making and cost-benefit calculation methods, a cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land plan was formulated and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed. The results showed that: (1) The priority areas for cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land were mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Chongqing and Guangxi. These areas should intensify the protection of arable land and design a dynamic arable land ecological compensation mechanism in combination with the ecological service value of the arable land in the priority supplementation area and the economic development level of the occupied area. (2) The moderately suitable areas for cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land were mainly distributed in the central-south and western regions. These areas had a certain degree of development flexibility. It is possible to establish an “arable land - economic flexibility index” to regularly assess and adjust the threshold of arable land reserve resources and the economic growth rate. When the reserve resources of cultivated land in priority areas are sufficient, economic construction can be carried out, otherwise, cultivated land replenishment can be carried out. (3) The areas that were not suitable for cross-regional replenishment of cultivated land were mainly distributed north of the Yellow River, south of the Great Wall and along the Bohai Sea to the East China Sea. The areas north of the Yellow River and south of the Great Wall were mainly characterized by poor quality of cultivated land. It is recommended to carry out comprehensive land improvement, improve the quality of cultivated land, and curb the non-agricultural use of cultivated land. The area along the Bohai Sea to the East China Sea is economically developed regions in China, and the cost of supplementing arable land is high. It is possible to develop economic construction while protecting cultivated land and ecological environment, and provide financial support for priority selection areas for cultivated land supplementation.