The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, situated at the juncture of the Eurasian and Indian Ocean tectonic plates, boasts abundant geothermal resources. Based on the intensity of geothermal activities and other factors, the Xizang Autonomous Region can be divided into four regions, among which the high-temperature geothermal zone in southern Tibet exhibits the largest number and the most intense geothermal activities. Consequently, southern Tibet possesses immense potential for geothermal resource development. China's first geothermal power station was established in the Yangbajing geothermal field of southern Tibet, and calculations using the thermal storage method indicate that the exploitable heat energy of geothermal resources in southern Tibet reaches 6.013×10¹⁸ Joules per annum. Benefiting from its structural development, the geothermal system in southern Tibet is primarily characterized by deep circulation, with heat sources primarily stemming from magmatic hydrothermal replenishment and heat exchange with surrounding rocks. Both structural development and magmatic activities contribute to the abundance of geothermal resources in this region. Drawing upon the geological tectonic backdrop, this paper provides a detailed assessment of typical geothermal systems within three geothermal resource-rich areas: Xigaze, Shannan, and Dangxiong, encompassing geothermal fields such as Chazi, Chabu, Tagejia, Gudui, and Yangbajing. Through analyses of geothermal fluid temperature, thermal reservoir characteristics, and geothermal resource quantities, the paper uncovers the geothermal genesis mechanisms of these three resource-rich regions. This work serves as a scientific basis for further exploration and development of geothermal resources in Southern Tibet.