The connection between Maxwell’s equations and artificial neural networks has revolutionized the capability and efficiency of nanophotonic design. Such a machine learning tool can help designers avoid iterative, time-consumi

A new approach to optical fiber sensing is proposed and demonstrated that allows for specific measurement even in the presence of strong noise from undesired environmental perturbations. A deep neural network model is trained to s

We propose a modified supervised learning algorithm for optical spiking neural networks, which introduces synaptic time-delay plasticity on the basis of traditional weight training. Delay learning is combined with the remote super

As artificial neural networks (ANNs) continue to make strides in wide-ranging and diverse fields of technology, the search for more efficient hardware implementations beyond conventional electronics is gaining traction. In particu

Over the past decades, photonics has transformed many areas in both fundamental research and practical applications. In particular, we can manipulate light in a desired and prescribed manner by rationally designed subwavelength st

We report an approach assisted by deep learning to design spectrally sensitive multiband absorbers that work in the visible range. We propose a five-layered metal-insulator-metal grating structure composed of aluminum and silicon

Intelligent coding metasurface is a kind of information-carrying metasurface that can manipulate electromagnetic waves and associate digital information simultaneously in a smart way. One of its widely explored applications is to

Orbital angular momentum (OAM)-carrying beams have received extensive attention due to their high-dimensional characteristics in the context of free-space optical communication. However, accurate OAM mode recognition still suffers

In this work, we present experimental results concerning excitability in a multiband emitting quantum-dot-based photonic neuron. The experimental investigation revealed that the same two-section quantum dot laser can be tuned thro

We demonstrate a neural network capable of designing on-demand multiple symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs) in freeform structures with predefined symmetry. The latent representation of the freeform structures

Visible light communication (VLC) is currently recognized as a relevant technology for a wealth of possible application scenarios. New classes of services can be designed in both outdoor and indoor environments, exploiting the dir

We demonstrate a hybrid laser with a low intrinsic linewidth of 34.2 Hz and a high fiber-coupled output power of 11.7 dBm, by coupling a Si3N4-based subwavelength hole defect assisted microring reflector (SHDA-MRR) to a commercial

Spectral tunability methods used in optical communications and signal processing leveraging optical, electrical, and acousto-optic effects typically involve spectral truncation that results in energy loss. Here we demonstrate temp

A high-speed germanium (Ge) waveguide photodiode (PD) is one of the key components of an integrated silicon photonics platform for large-capacity data communication applications, but the parasitic parameters limit the increase of

A novel characterization method is proposed to extract the optical frequency field-effect mobility (μop,FE) of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) materials by a tunable silicon microring resonator with a heterogeneously integrated

In this work, we analyze the effects of the background spectral noise in phase-modulated single-frequency seed lasers on the spectral purity of high-power narrow-linewidth fiber amplifiers. Through demonstrating the spectral evolu

Yellow lasers (～565–590 nm) are of tremendous interest in biomedicine, astronomy, spectroscopy, and display technology. So far, yellow lasers still have relied heavily on nonlinear frequency conversion of near-infrared lasers, pre

The generation of high-peak-power, few-cycle mid-infrared (MIR) pulses using coherent beam combination and nonlinear pulse compression techniques simultaneously is demonstrated. The two pulses, with identical pulse energy of 2.8 m

We report experimental observation of multimode Q-switching and spatiotemporal mode locking in a multimode fiber laser. A typical steady Q-switching state is achieved with a 1.88 μs pulse duration, a 70.14 kHz repetition rate, and

The upper limit of the laser field strength in a perfect vacuum is usually considered as the Schwinger field, corresponding to ～1029 W/cm2. We investigate such limitations under realistic nonideal vacuum conditions and find that i

Broadband mid-infrared (IR) supercontinuum laser sources are essential for spectroscopy in the molecular fingerprint region. Here, we report generation of octave-spanning and coherent mid-IR supercontinua in As2S3-silica nanospike

We demonstrate the generation of wavelength-tunable deep-ultraviolet pulses in a small-mode-area hollow-core fiber fabricated by tapering a nodeless tubular-type hollow-core fiber. Down-scaling of the cross-sectional geometry redu

Spatial light modulators (SLMs) are devices for modulating amplitude, phase, or polarization of light beams on demand. Such devices are regarded as the backbone for optical information parallel processing and future optical comput

Brillouin spectroscopy is an important topic and powerful tool in modern optics, as the acquisitions of acoustic velocities and elastic moduli are one of the keys to investigate and analyze the contents of material science and con

We discover single and homocentric optical spheres of the three-dimensional inhomogeneous nonlinear Schr?dinger equation (NLSE) with spherical symmetry, which is a novel model of light bullets that can present a three-dimensional

Multimode and random directionalities are major issues restricting the application of whispering gallery mode microcavity lasers. We demonstrated a 40 μm diameter microring with an off-centered embedded hole and warped geometry fr

Pressure-temperature cross-sensitivity and its accompanying temperature-related stability is a nerve-wracking obstruction for pressure sensor performance in a wide temperature range. To solve this problem, we propose a novel (to t

Modulation bandwidth and the emission region are essential features for the widespread use of visible light communications (VLC). This paper addresses the contradictory requirements to achieve broadband and proposes ultrafast, asy

One of the most prominent features of quantum entanglement is its invariability under local unitary transformations, which implies that the degree of entanglement or nonseparability remains constant during free-space propagation,

Photonic topological edge states in one-dimensional dimer chains have long been thought to be robust to structural perturbations by mapping the topological Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model of a solid-state system. However, the edge stat

The physical origin of the fractal topological band-gap structure in the one-dimensional Thue–Morse system has been revealed, which is characterized by the evolutions of two types of topological singularities with zero-scattering

Hollow-core fiber (HCF) promises to unify air-borne light propagation and non-line-of-sight transmission, thus holding great potential for versatile photonics-based quantum information applications. The early version of HCF based

We experimentally demonstrate a silicon photonic modulator that can be loaded with a combination of lateral and interleaved p-n junctions to enhance its phase modulation. We use an asymmetric Bragg grating to introduce mode conver

We report the demonstration of a normal-incidence p-i-n germanium-tin (Ge0.951Sn0.049) photodetector on silicon-on-insulator substrate for 2 μm wavelength application. The DC and RF characteristics of the devices have been charact

We demonstrate a silicon electronic–photonic integrated 25 Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero transmitter that includes driver circuits, depletion-type Si ring modulator, Ge photodetector, temperature sensor, on-chip heater, and temperature c

Recently, 2-μm wave band has gained increasing interest due to its potential application for next-generation optical communication. But the development of 2-μm optical communications is substantially hampered by the modulation spe

Chiral optical responses of bilayer metasurfaces made of twisted metallic nanorods are investigated in detail with focus on the collective effect due to lattice resonance (LR). Using an analytical approach based on the coupled dip

Plasmonic particle-on-film nanocavities, supporting gap modes with ultra-small volume, provide a great solution to boost light–matter interactions at the nanoscale. In this work, we report on the photoluminescence (PL) enhancement

Ultrafast spatiotemporal control of a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) launch direction is a prerequisite for ultrafast information processing in plasmonic nanocircuit components such as ultrafast on–off of plasmonic switching and

Chiral metasurfaces based on asymmetric meta-atoms have achieved artificial circular dichroism (CD), spin-dependent wavefront control, near-field imaging, and other spin-related electromagnetic control. In this paper, we propose a

Pixelated metasurfaces integrating both the functions of linear polarization and circular polarization filters on a single platform can achieve full-Stokes polarization detection. At present, the pixelated full-Stokes metasurfaces