Deep learning has rapidly advanced amidst the proliferation of large models, leading to challenges in computational resources and power consumption. Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer a solution by shifting computation to optics

Traditional hyperspectral imaging (HI) systems are constrained by a limited depth of field (DoF), necessitating refocusing for any out-of-focus objects. This requirement not only slows down the imaging speed but also complicates t

Light penetration depth in biological tissue is limited by tissue scattering. Correcting scattering becomes particularly challenging in scenarios with limited photon availability and when access to the transmission side of the sca

Polarization-based detection technologies have broad applications across various fields. Integrating polarization with interferometric imaging holds significant promise for simultaneously capturing three-dimensional structure and

The optical Vernier effect has garnered significant research attention and found widespread applications in enhancing the measurement sensitivity of optical fiber interferometric sensors. Typically, Vernier sensor interrogation in

The transportable optical clock can be deployed in various transportation vehicles, including aviation, aerospace, maritime, and land-based vehicles; provides remote time standards for geophysical monitoring and distributed cohere

High-linearity electro-optic (EO) modulators play a crucial role in microwave photonics (MWP). Although various methods have been explored to enhance linearity in MWP links, they are often constrained by the intrinsic nonlinearity

With the widespread application of quantum communication technology, there is an urgent need to enhance unconditionally secure key rates and capacity. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), proven to be

Ytterbium ion (Yb3+)-doped lasers are widely used in precision machining and precision measurement fields because of their high efficiency and high power, which are primarily based on solid-state lasers and fiber lasers. Here, we

He-Ne gaseous ring-laser gyroscopes (RLGs) have brought great breakthroughs in numbers of fields such as inertial navigation and attitude control in the past 50 years. However, their counterparts of all-solid-state, active RLGs ha

The integration of near-infrared genetically encoded reporters (NIR-GERs) with photoacoustic (PA) imaging enables visualizing deep-seated functions of specific cell populations at high resolution, though the imaging depth is prima

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) open up a unique avenue of enhancing light–matter interactions due to their extreme field confinement and infinite quality (Q) factors. Although tremendous progress has been made in the past 10

Due to large anisotropy and tunable exciton transitions observed in visible light, transition metal dichalcogenides could become platform materials for on-chip next-generation photonics and nano-optics. For this to happen, one nee

In this study, we propose and demonstrate an all-fiber orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) mode encoding system, where through helical fiber gratings (HFGs), binary symbols are encoded to or decoded from two OAM modes with topological

In microwave communication systems, focusing and imaging have attracted widespread attention due to their application prospects in the information processing and communication fields. Most existing multi-channel focusing and imagi

Free electron radiation, particularly Smith-Purcell radiation, provides a versatile platform for exploring light-matter interactions and generating light sources. A fundamental characteristic of Smith-Purcell radiation is the mono

AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) still face challenges in achieving high-quality AlGaN material and extracting the strong transverse magnetic (TM) mode emission (which is influenced by valence band s

In Floquet engineering, we apply a time-periodic modulation to change the effective behavior of a wave system. In this work, we generalize Floquet engineering to more fully exploit spatial degrees of freedom, expanding the scope o

Optical skyrmions, as quasiparticles with non-trivial topological structures, have garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper proposes a method for customized spin angular momentum (SAM) distribution in highly loca

Ultracold atoms with cavity-mediated long-range interactions offer a promising platform for exploring emergent quantum phenomena. Building on recent experimental progress, we propose a novel scheme to create supersolid square and

On-chip superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are gaining traction in integrated quantum photonics due to their exceptional performance and the elimination of fiber coupling loss. However, off-chip high-rejecti

The cold atom qubit platform emerges as an attractive choice for the next stage of quantum computation research, where a special family of synthetic analytical pulses has considerably improved the experimental performance of Contr

An optical phased array (OPA) featuring all-solid-state beam steering is a promising component for light detection and ranging (LiDAR). There exists an increasing demand for panoramic perception and rapid target recognition in int

Photonic integrated switches that are both space and wavelength selective are a highly promising technology for data-intensive applications as they benefit from multi-dimensional manipulation of optical signals. However, scaling t

We demonstrate the spectroscopy of incoherent light with subdiffraction resolution. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we analyze the spectrum of a pair of incoherent pointlike sources whose separation is below the diffraction li

Element doping can break the crystal symmetry and realize the topological phase transition in quantum materials, which enables the precise modulation of energy band structure and microscopic dynamical interaction. Herein, we have

In modern science and technology, on-demand control of the polarization and wavefront of electromagnetic (EM) waves is crucial for compact opto-electronic systems. Metasurfaces composed of subwavelength array structures inject inf

Metallic nanostructures supporting surface plasmons are crucial for various ultrathin photonic devices. However, these applications are often limited by inherent metallic losses. Significant efforts have been made to achieve high