An online measurement method of straightness is studied based on multi-probe optical scanning method. A three-probe scanning method with tilt compensation is proposed. Reconstructed form can accurately express the high frequency elements of the straightness error, and owns better suppression capability of the measurement noise. The measurement principle of the proposed method is introduced firstly. The construction algorithm of the straightness errors is deduced based on the least square solution and the computer simulation is performed. The experimental system is built for verificating the validity of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately reconstruct the straightness errors of step form, and the standard deviation is less than 10 micrometer.

In order to qualitatively test linearity of ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer, we test a food-dye absorbance at a certain wavelength using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer based on the water quality standard liquid calibration method, and then use a basic mathematical method to calculate volume concentration at each test point. We get a linear relationship of volume concentration and absorbance. Experiments show that this method is easy and convenient to measure the linearity of the instrument and the calculation method is accurate and easy to understand.

Fluid flow is an extremely important parameter in the oil production field. Real-time monitoring of fluid flow parameter provides a scientific basis for increasing reservoir recovery. An optical fiber fluid flow monitoring system based on pipe vibration frequency characteristic is proposed. The vibration of the pipe is induced by turbulent flow when fluid flow passes through the pipe. The fiber optic sensors wrapped around the pipe outside the wall are used to detect the vibration information. The frequency characteristics of the vibration of the pipe are summarized. Then the relationship between mean flow rate and standard deviation of the vibration of the pipe induced by turbulence is determined.

Laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) technique, also known as laser speckle contrast analysis (LSCA), is a full field optical imaging method without scanning, which can quantitatively analyze the change of blood flow. LSCA method is commonly used in space, time and the ratio of contrast lining spatial-temporal speckle contrast analysis method. We analyze the applications and the accuracy of the previous researches, in which the analysis methods lack of three different contrast factors. Through the use of TiO2 containing suspended particles in the fluid through a hose simulated biological changes in the blood flow, we introduce the principle of LSFG technique, and compare the methods of space, time and spatial and temporal contrast analysis. We implement the various different speeds to compare the results of various contrast analysis methods. The experimental results show that the spatial-temporal contrast analysis method compared to the simple spatial contrast or the simple time contrast test range can guarantee the time resolution and high spatial resolution at the same time, reduce the computation of data processing, and improve the accuracy of the speckle contrast.

To evaluate the uncertainty of gear center measurement, evaluation method on uncertainty of gear center measurement based on quasi Monte-Carlo method (QMC) is proposed. The geometric errors are confirmed. The gear measurement model based on gear center measuremnt is established by coordinate transformation. The uncertainty of gear center measurement is evaluated by QMC, and the stability of this method is studied. The experiment shows that the evaluation proposed in this paper can accurately evaluate uncertainty of gear center measurement. The maximum deviation is 2.35%, so the method is stable.

Remote camera is confronted with complex space temperature environment during flying. The effective thermal design is performed for ensuring imaging qualities. Primary theories of thermal design for remote camera are introduced, and the influence and countermeasure on characteristic of the large off-axis triple-mirror anastigmatic camera for thermal design are analyzed. Finally in-orbit temperature is summarized. Based on the simulation method of thermal model, the temperature results of position without telemetry temperature are obtained. In-orbit analysis result shows that all temperature of primary parts for camera is in the range of 20 ℃±2 ℃. The validity of thermal design for camera is proved.

Frequency stabilization technology of semiconductor laser has developed rapidly in recent years, and it is the basic technology in laser used in the experiment. The comparative analysis of several frequency stabilization methods, which are saturated absorption, Zeeman modulation, dichroic-atomic-vapor laser lock (DAVLL) and doppler-free dichroic lock (DFDL), were proposed for stability, operational, anti-interference ability and so on. Their advantages and disadvantages of the modulation and non-modulation frequency stabilization methods are also been summarized in order to provide references to select the most suitable frequency stabilization method for the related experiments.

Fisheye lens have the characteristics of short focus and wide-angle, which makes the fisheye image correction algorithms become hot topics in the field of image research currently. An ellipsoid correction model is put forward. All feature points are obtained by using edge detection algorithm, and the correct feature points are also obtained by using the pseudo-feature-point elimination method. The correction model parameters are obtained with the correct feature points. The grid image is taken as an example to conduct the research. As a result, the detection of the feature points is accurate and the correction effect is good. It is proved that this model is accurate and efficient.

One type of multi-spectrum imaging system based on film interference technique is discussed. A prototype of multi-spectrum imaging machine is developed, which consists of a band-pass filter, a CCD, logic control components and computer analysis software. Experiments such as inspection of agricultural products and physical composition are carried out. The result shows that the imaging system can realize spectral image acquisition at a high resolution and analyze the reflectance spectrum reconstruction and image classification accurately. The system is also applied in the inspection experiment of mouldy beans, electrolyte composition and density, and scribbled signatures with different pens.

Electronic properties of Lu2SiO5 crystals with oxygen vacancy and oxygen interstitial were investigated using the density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation with Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof(GGA-PBE). The electronic density of states is described in detail. The electronic density of states with oxygen vacancy is analyzed. The results show that oxygen vacancy can induce extra states in the band gap. VO5 can bring a new absorption band which is fit well with the 400~500 nm absorption band.

In this paper, we analyze the influence of different color ABS materials over the laser marking performance. The acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) materials with white, pink, red, blue and black are radiated by the Nd∶YAG1064 nm pump laser with different power, frequency, focal length and other parameters. Then we characterized the microstructure of materials. The results show that different colors of ABS materials have different emission characterisitics. The substrate color of ABS material has a greate incluence on laser emission. Finally we got the optimized parameters, providing a reference for further study.

The efficient timely and accurate orientation of focusing aim is the key of a focusing system. A new evaluation method called multi-object free-focusing algorithm was proposed. User may select any single object by changing windows. Synchronized detection method was used to solve the problem of no object in the window after scene changing. The comparative and analytical method for restraining noise was discussed. The quickly focusing mathematical model was established. The technique is better than all the other methods by experimental comparison. Self-adapt-alter-step whole-range-search strategy was studied. The system was set up successfully in the TMS320DM642 hardware and VC software platform. The abundant outdoor and indoor experimental results indicated the feasibility, the veracity and the validity of the system, and it has been applied to frontier defence products.

Opto-electronical tracking system works day and night. It has the advantages of lots of information, high resolution and it is an intelligent system on the ships. In this paper, we design a target simulator for ships and aerial target. It presents the system composition and the function blocks of simulation software. By analysis of the system for static and dynamic target tracking, we calculate tracking accuracy for opto-electronical tracking system.

According to the requirement of high-quality fiber fusion in the process of optical fiber fusion, a microscope objective for detecting the fiber core is designed to determine the position of the optical fiber core, which is optimized through the optical system design software Zemax. The designed system consists of six lenses. The magnification is eight. The object space NA is 0.25. The working distance is 13.4 mm. The conjugate distance is 85 mm and image receiver is a CCD. The optical lens is optimized through the method of forward optical path with the spectral range of 486～656 nm. Forward optical path design of the microscope objective is practical to detect the fiber core position more clearly and accurately. It has long working distance, short conjugate distance and high accuracy.

The binocular vision directly simulates the manner of human eyes observing one scene from different viewpoints to obtain the depth information of object. This system is for a particular application. The objects positioned by this system are markers which can reflect the light radiated by the light source, so they can be located by the passive reflection. The experiment platform is set up based on the principle of the binocular vision. The hardware components technology is analyzed. The system can find a good solution to the influence of complex background on recognition and localization of the markers. At last, experiments are conducted, which contain the distance and the angle measurements. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the system is good.

A kind of circuit based on square wave is designed to solve the problem of equipment corrosion caused by fouling in the pipeline. The square wave with variable frequencies is generated by AVR micro controller unit. After being processed through the driving circuit, the electricity signal driving the coil produces a magnetic field. Under the effect of electromagnetic, dirt ion is removed from the pipe wall. Experimental results demonstrate the square wave with the frequency conversion from 0 Hz to 6 MHz. The duty ratio is fifty percent and the driving power is 72 W. The equipment has high efficiency and wide applications and is easy to installation. Besides, the power consumption is low.

In order to obtain cells image, we use Visual Studio C# to develop the control program of the mobile displacement platform, and use displacement single-point scanning way to design laser confocal scanning microscope (LCSM). In order to obtain high resolution displacement, displacement of the platform with piezoelectric ceramic actuator is used and the highest accuracy can reach 1 nm. Both comb and rectangle scanning paths are designed, by programming the displacement compensation method to make up the mechanical movement deviation. Digital filtering arithmetic average method of dealing with the data acquisition card is used to collect data to reduce the influence of random noise. Experimental results show that single-point platform using C# program LCSM has a very good effect.

The Laser Interferometric Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) is the preeminent interferometric gravitational wave detector facility in the world. The initial LIGO detectors exceeded their design sensitivity and were able to search for signals from the coalescence and merger of compact neutron star binaries to a distance of ~40 Mpc (at SNR=8) for optimally oriented systems. While no detections were made, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, mostly working jointly with the Virgo Collaboration, published a number of upper limits of astrophysical interest. LIGO is now poised to open the Era of Advanced Detectors with the commissioning of an upgraded Advanced LIGO interferometric detector. LIGO Laboratory is also collaborating with several Indian research centers to site an identical Advanced LIGO interferometer in that country, thereby expanding the LIGO detector network to three widely separated interferometers that will operate as a single network.

The basic principle of optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) technique, coherent optical time domain reflectometry (COTDR) technique and phase sensitive optical time domain reflection (φOTDR) technology based on Rayleigh scattering are introduced. This paper respectively introduces the development status of the three technologies, summarizes their advantages and disadvantages, and puts forward the developing direction and prospect of future work.