A new method to measure pear fleshes liquid concentration using near-infrared spectrum analysis is presented. Using an indirect relative analysis method and through a lot of experiments we established the base model of the relationship between sugar solution spectra and its quality parameters. Based on the base model, we accurately obtained different concentrations of sugar solution. The source used is a stabilized white light, which gives different wavelengths. An experiment was conducted to monitor changes in spectra of sugar solution. The transmission peak was identified at 1 406 nm. Experimental results show that the measured value and the true value very consistent. The measurement sensitivity can be 0.05%, and absolute error is 0.002%.

According to the study on the definition of the shadow and the analysis of image processing method and related theory, many images which have overlap region between them were collected by image collection system. We splice the transparent image panorama by using image stitching technology. Then, we find out all the shadow defects of these images. Finally, the experiment realizes the detection of the optical fiber panel defects by using image stitching technology.

Fiber intrusion detection sensor based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is proposed to simplify the architecture of the system. The system uses different wavelengths to distinguish the different interfering sub-systems. WDM technique is used to multiplex the different wavelength interfering sub-system by the same interfering unit. In the receiver of the system, the signal of different wavelength interfering sub-systems is divided by the demutliplexing. Thus, the independent signal of different interfering sub-systems is achieved.

According to the principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identification accuracy is not high in the ear recognition process. Ear recognition algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), PCA and LDA is proposed. The algorithm is decompose the human ear image with two-dimensional DWT, select low-frequency sub-band that contains the most image information, use PCA and LDA in succession to extract the optimal sample mapping space, and use the nearest neighbor rule to classify the human ear image. The experimental results show that this method is superior to identification method of PCA and LDA.

Through analyzing the characteristics of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UA) data recorder parameters and the reasons of the outliers, a method using singular value decomposition and wavelet analysis is put forward with the existence of noise to detect outliers with the combination of comprehensive, namely first use singular value threshold de-noising algorithm of signal to noise reduction processing for flight data. After processing with wavelet analysis method for noise reduction of signal detecting outliers, the resulting signal sequence can accurately extract the unmanned aerial vehicle (UA) recorder by the received signal. The simulation results show that the method can not only reduce the noise but also accurately detect and remove outliers existing in the received signal.

Optical add-drop multiplexer is one of the promising components for integrated optics. For the existence of loss at the cross of optical add-drop multiplexer, the influence of the insertion loss on the gap between channel and microring over the output spectrum is introduced. Based on mode coupling theory, the analytical expressions are derived. The output spectra are simulated and compared. The simulation results show that the cross coupling coefficient is the smallest when the gap is 66.16 nm. The spectrum exhibits an asymmetric Fano-resonance line shape because of the existence of the cross coupling. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation results agree well with the analytical results from the comparison between FDTD and analytical results.

In this paper, an FPGA-based high-speed 9/7 discrete wavelet transform design was presented. To make it easy for the hardware implementation, and accelerate the processing speed, the multi-stage pipeline technique is adopted in the realization of the one-dimensional discrete wavelet transform. And modified lifting scheme is used. At the same time, a CSD coding-based and optimized shift-add operations are adopted to implement multiplier. To reduce the occupation of system resources, a line-based architecture is applied to realize 2-D DWT. Only 3 rows of row transform results can start the column transform. This design has been verified by simulation of MATLAB and ModelSim, and can run at 60 MHz clock frequency, meeting the request for real-time processing of high-speed image.

The practical problems are introduced which are encountered in the instrument calibration and JJF 1303-2011 ‘Calibration Specification for Haze meter’ in the practical using. The problems mainly focus on three parts:the influence of environmental factors over the measurement results, the indication error of haze standard plate, and the flaw of producing haze meter. Then the improved suggestions are given for the relevant reference.

RC (Ritchey-Chretien) optical system has hyperboloidal primary and secondary mirrors, and the off-axis field has large astigmatism. The processing and alignment of RC optical system has some particular characteristics. The influence of errors in the processing and alignment of RC optical system need analyzing. The traits in the processing and alignment are evaluated by using interferometer and software Zemax. Comparing the tested wavefront with those simulated results of Zemax, the errors in the processing and alignment of an RC optical system are judged. After proper modifications of the processing errors and misalignments, the optical system meets the requirement of the design finally.

The video microscope has been widely used in many applications with the development of CCD detector. The working distance of the video microscope is short due to the limitation of the catadioptric configuration and it affects its application. In this paper, we focus on the analysis of aberration characteristics which is influenced by the long working distance. At last, we use optical design software Zemax to simulate the optical effectiveness and give design results of cassegrain system where the working distance is 84.5 mm, the numerical aperture is 0.16, the optical magnification is 5, the field number is 1.2 mm and the resolution is 7.7 μm.

A barcode imaging lens is designed with focus length 7.9 mm and field of view 52°. The image is received by a liner CMOS sensor. In order to obtain a low cost meanwhile a good imaging performance, plastic aspherical surface is used with high index factors to become a one glass one plastic lenses optical system (1G1P). Compared with traditional three glass lenses optical system (3G), 1G1P system design is of better imaging performance to meet the specification and only needs 50% producing cost of 3G. It has a potential market.

Magneto-optic Faraday effect is the reciprocal effect that exists in fiber optic gyroscope (FOG). It adds an additional fixed bias which affects the precision in the output of FOG. Based on the characteristic that the radiation magnetic field of internal circuit of FOG is spherical inhomogeneous magnetic field, a magnetic sensibility error model of FOG in the spherical inhomogeneous magnetic field is established. Magnetic sensibility of FOG in the spherical inhomogeneous magnetic field is analyzed by the numerical simulation and verified by the experiment. Shorter the distance between the spherical magnetic field source and optical fiber ring is, larger FOG magnetic sensibility error is. When the spherical magnetic field source is located in the center of optical fiber ring, FOG magnetic sensibility error is the smallest. When the spherical magnetic field source moves around the axial of the optical fiber ring, FOG magnetic sensibility error almost remain unchanged.

The solution concentration sensor based on microring resonator(MRR)is designed. Firstly, the structure of an all-pass MRR and operating principle of MRR concentration sensor are introduced. Then the eigenvalue equation of 2D slot waveguides is obtained on the basis of electromagnetic field theory and the resonance wavelength of MRR is accordingly calculated. Finally, the transmission spectrum of MRR for ethylene glycol is simulated on the influence of surround refractive index change. The simulation results show that the relation between the resonance wavelength in the MRR and the different concentrations of ethylene glycol solution is approximate linear, which agrees with the theoretical results. The sensitivity of the sensor is around 490.2 nm/RIU. The sensor proposed in this paper has the advantages of low cost, simple structure and high sensitivity, and it can be integrated with the microfluidic optical devices. The proposed sensor can not only be used to measure solution concentration, but also can be used to measure the concentration or the refractive index of solid, gas and other parameters.

Graphene with high transmittance and great conductivity at wide band is expected to be the electromagnetic shielding materials for optical widows. At present, a large area of monolayer and bi-layer graphene was prepared by the method of chemical vapor deposition (CD). In this way, graphene has low carrier concentration and surface grain boundary effect, which is hard to meet the actual demand of shielding. This paper we use AuCl3 doped graphene to improve carrier concentration and reduce the surface resistance. Using Raman spectroscopy to measure multi points on sample surface, we obtained the situation of intrinsic and doped graphene layers, defects, doping type and continuity. Considering the influence of chemical potential on the graphene conductivity, the shielding effectiveness (SE) can be derived by the anisotropic medium plan wave transmission line model. The experiment which refers to the GJB standard is carried out on the shielding effectiveness of intrinsic and doped graphene. The result suggests that graphene films transferred on PET have average SE at about 6.7 dB, and the theoretical prediction agrees with the measured characteristics well.

The study aimed at redesigning the light detection device to compensate for deficiency of existing light detection system, such as the volume, light-protection effect and so on. It adopted the reaction cup with light detection head to form a darkroom, reduced the input and output of the darkroom, and improved the effect of light-protection. It used chopping method to deduct photon background count so as to decrease the measuring error. The performance testing results showed that the photon background count of light detection device was 200 or less photon/s. The average of photometry upper limit was 1.1×107 photon/s. Coefficient of variation (C) was 3% or less, satisfying the technical requirements of the existing light detection system. It will be available for the development of precision instruments which require light signal detection, such as chemical luminescence immunity analyzer, and will be a great significance for the development of instrument industry upon light detection technique.

An optical time domain reflectometer based on chaotic signal correlation ranging technology (COTDR) is designed and developed. The chaotic light source, hardware configuration and software design of the system are presented. By using G.652.B single mode fiber as the test object, technical specifications of the COTDR for fiber fault location are tested. Measured results show that the COTDR can realize a range-independent resolution of 50 cm within at least 102 km, which is raised by about two orders of magnitude compared with the existing flight time measurement technology. Furthermore, it can realize the recognition of the different reflection events in the fiber and meet a requirement of fault location in the passive optical network.

In this paper, we review the applications of the superstructured fiber Bragg grating based en/decoders. The devices are used as coding devices in the secure optical communication system and as label generator and recognizer in the optical packet switching system. The device can provide high security in the secure communication system. Besides, the single-input multiple-output device can generate and recognize a group of optical labels simultaneously. The good performance of the device promises the error-free transmission and signal processing.

Gravitational wave is called gravitational radiation, predicted by Einstein to exist on the basis of general relativity, is an important content of basic physics and astronomy. Human has made hard effort over the past few decades to explore the gravitational wave. From the bar detector in the early to the laser interferometer gravitational observatory, academic institutions and the scientists from the different countries adopt the most advance technology to find sources of gravitational wave constantly. The detection range and the sensitivity of the detector are increasing continuously. A new subject of gravitational astronomy has come into being in the process of detection. People can know the mysteries of the universe gradually, to fund the operation laws of the cosmos. The gravitational wave has become the emphases of scientific and academic and hot topic at present.

In order to illustrate the general situation of optical coating standards, national standards and occupation standards about optical coating are summarized. These can be grouped into five subjects including optical coating functions, surface form deviations, surface imperfections, environmental durability and application of optical coating. The main standards as well as their developments of each subject are introduced accordingly, and the four-stage developments of the standards of optical coating functions since 1977 are described especially. For each subject, the applicability of national standards and occupation standards is analyzed, and five proposals about national standards and occupation standards development in optical coating industry are put forward finally. These proposals include updating related standards, serialization standards induction, unifying standard reference, providing explanation for complex standards and constituting new standards according to the demands of the industry.