Multi-wavelength-band transmission technology based on the exploitation of the extended spectral region is considered as a potential approach to increase the transmission capacity in the deployed fiber-optic communication infrastr

Optical metasurfaces (OMs) offer unprecedented control over electromagnetic waves, enabling advanced optical multiplexing. The emergence of deep learning has opened new avenues for designing OMs. However, existing deep learning me

The optical microscopy image plays an important role in scientific research through the direct visualization of the nanoworld, where the imaging mechanism is described as the convolution of the point spread function (PSF) and emit

Imaging through non-static and optically thick scattering media such as dense fog, heavy smoke, and turbid water is crucial in various applications. However, most existing methods rely on either active and coherent light illuminat

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging is a challenging task aimed at reconstructing objects outside the direct view of the observer. Nevertheless, traditional NLOS imaging methods typically rely on intricate and costly equipment to sca

A Brillouin dynamic grating (BDG) can be used for distributed birefringence measurement in optical fibers, offering high sensitivity and spatial resolution for sensing applications. However, it is quite a challenge to simultaneous

An imperfect propagation environment or optical system would introduce wavefront aberrations to vortex beams. The phase aberrations and orbital angular momentum in a vortex beam are proved to be mutually restrictive in parameter m

We experimentally demonstrate ultra-high extinction ratio (ER) optical pulse modulation with an electro-optical modulator (EOM) on thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) and its application for fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing (

We propose a new signaling scheme for on-chip optical-electrical-optical artificial neural networks that utilizes orthogonal delay-division multiplexing and pilot-tone-based self-homodyne detection. This scheme offers a more effic

Recently, the emerging 2 μm waveband has gained increasing interest due to its great potential for a wide scope of applications. Compared with the existing optical communication windows at shorter wavelengths, it also offers disti

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last decade. Nevertheless, due to the thermal instability of the microresonator, addition

Spatially twisted light with femtosecond temporal structure is of particular interest in strong-field physics and light–matter interactions. However, present femtosecond vortex sources exhibit limited power handling capabilities,

Optical singularity is pivotal in nature and has attracted wide interest from many disciplines nowadays, including optical communication, quantum optics, and biomedical imaging. Visualizing vortex lines formed by phase singulariti

An optical field with sub-nm confinement is essential for exploring atomic- or molecular-level light-matter interaction. While such fields demonstrated so far have typically point-like cross-sections, an optical field having a hig

Fractional vortex beams exhibit a higher degree of modulation dimensions than conventional vortices, thus inheriting superior anti-turbulent transmission properties through the incorporation of additional coherence modulation. How

The interaction between electrons and matter is an effective means of light emission, through mechanisms including Cherenkov radiation and Smith–Purcell radiation (SPR). In this study, we show that the superlight inverse Doppler e

High-performance germanium photodiodes are crucial components in silicon photonic integrated circuits for large-capacity data communication. However, the bandwidths of most germanium photodiodes are limited by the intractable resi

Silicon-based electro-optic modulators contribute to easing the integration of high-speed and low-power consumption circuits for classical optical communications and data computations. Beyond the plasma dispersion modulation, an a

Programmable hyper-coded holography has the advantage of being programmable as well as being flexibly modifiable. Digitally coded metamaterials with excellent electromagnetic modulation capability and the ability to control the ph