By introducing lanthanum oxide (La2O3) into the base composition of Mini LED backlight substrate glass, the effects of La2O3/Na2O, La2O3/CaO and La2O3/B2O3 on the thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity coefficient of glass were investigated. The results indicate that the thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity of the glass decrease with the increase of La2O3/Na2O. As the La2O3/CaO ratio increases, the thermal expansion coefficient of glass fluctuates within the range of (9.3~9.5)×10-6/℃, while the thermal conductivity shows a downward trend. With the increase of La2O3/B2O3, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass decreases and the thermal conductivity increases.

Platinum film is an important part of thin-film platinum resistance temperature sensors. Due to its low mechanical strength, the formation of a layer of encapsulated glass on its surface is currently the main means of protecting the platinum film. BaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (BAS) system glass-ceramics is expected to be introduced into the field of thin-film platinum resistor encapsulation due to its advantages of good chemical stability, high mechanical strength, and high-temperature stability. The addition of nucleating agents to the glass components can promote the crystallization of the glass, and the nucleating agents have an important influence on the crystallization of the glass. Therefore, Li2O, ZrO2, TiO2 and Y2O3 were used as nucleating agents for BAS microcrystalline glass, and the effects of the types and contents of nucleating agents on the crystallization of microcrystalline glass were investigated. Research showed that the order of the strength of the promoting effect on glass crystallization behavior was Li2O>TiO2>Y2O3>ZrO2. Li2O significantly promoted the crystallization of the BAS glass, and with the increase of Li2O content, the orthorhombic barium silicate phase was firstly precipitated, and the hexagonal barium feldspar phase appeared next. With the increase of Li2O content, monoclinic barium silicate phase was firstly precipitated, followed by hexagonal barium feldspar phase, and finally barium silica. Secondly, when the Li2O molar fraction was 1.5%~2.5%, the glass expansion coefficient of the BAS system was (7.75~8.13)×10-6/℃, which matched with the platinum resistor substrate alumina ceramics (7.6×10-6/℃). Finally, the crystallization mechanism of BAS glass-ceramics was revealed: the addition of Li2O played the role of "accumulation" in the glass, seizing the O2- in the glass network structure, destroying the glass structure, reducing the degree of structural densification, thus lowering the glass transition temperature and the glass viscosity, accelerating the migration of SiO2, and facilitating the glass to precipitate crystals.

The comprehensive performance of rock wool glass produced by the electric melting method of domestic waste incineration fly ash was studied. When the addition amount of fly ash was 50%, the addition amount of feldspar was 30%, the (Al2O3+SiO2) content in the glass was greater than 48%, and the ratio of (Al2O3+SiO2)/(Na2O+K2O) was greater than 3.78, the fly ash glass was most suitable for producing rock wool. At this time, the chemical stability was good, and it had the best acidity coefficient, viscosity coefficient, and hydrogen ion index parameters. The test results of sample showed that the content of the glass body was greater than 99.5%, the acid dissolution rate was 0.11%, and the detection values of harmful substances in water and acid leaching were far below the limits in the national standard. Most of the leaching amounts were in an undetected state. The glass state of sample was good, the material properties were long, and it was easy to melt, making it easy for the centrifuge to spin cotton into shape.

The effects of different amounts of zinc oxide on the antibacterial properties and process properties of soda-lime glass produced by high-temperature melting method were studied. The results showed that when the introduction of zinc oxide was higher than 3%, the antibacterial activity of the glass against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached more than 90%, and the introduction of zinc oxide reduced the surface tension and high temperature viscosity of the glass, increased the bubble discharge rate of the glass melt during the melting process, reduced the number of bubbles, and promoted the clarification of the glass melt, which was suitable for process production.

Energy-saving and carbon reduction is an important energy strategy in my country, and natural gas mixed with hydrogen is one of the principle measures to reduce carbon emissions. This article used the optical glass melting furnace flame space as the research object, it used natural gas mixed with hydrogen as fuel to simulate the combustion characteristics of different natural gas mixed with hydrogen conditions, and it impacted on the melting process. In the case of not changing the existing gas supply pipeline structure and the unchanged total gas supply flow, research showed that in terms of combustion characteristics, as the hydrogen content in natural gas increases from zero to 25%, the flame length was reduced, and the flame coverage surface decreased, the flame peak temperature increased, and the OH- concentration in flames was increased. Therefore, natural gas hydrogenation put forward new requirements for the structure of the molten furnace and refractory materials, especially the high heat and alkali resistance of the burner and the stove wall. In terms of furnace characteristics, as the amount of hydrogen added increases, the furnace temperature and the heat absorption of the glass surface first increased and then decreased. The furnace temperature was highest under the condition of 20% hydrogen added, which was 20 ℃ higher than that without hydrogen added; The volume concentration of CO2 emissions decreased with the increase of hydrogen blending ratio, and the hydrogen blending amount was reduced by 7.5% compared to the no hydrogen mixing condition at 25%.

In the production of float glass process, difference or fluctuation in raw material components has a significant impact on the quality of products. Therefore, when dealing with multiple batches of the same raw material during large-scale production mixing, it is necessary to select batches reasonably so that the mean percentage of raw material quality is as close as possible to the designed formula values, thereby minimizing the adverse effects caused by different raw material batches on the entire process. Through the analysis, it was found that with the help of the idea of permutations, it was possible to quickly iterate through all batch combinations of a given stock batch and a specified number of batches, and compared the sum of the mean of the percentage of substances in each batch with the absolute value of the error of the set value, and the batch combination with the smallest absolute value of error can be used as the batch combination used for the final mixture. In this method, the advantages of finding the batch combination closest to the set value are not only absorbed in the selection of batch combinations, but also quickly iterating through all batch combinations to obtain the global optimal solution was also realized.

During the production process of glass annealing furnace, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas containing rich thermal energy was generated. The utilization of waste heat recovery technology allows for the effective utilisation of this thermal energy, thereby enhancing the efficiency of energy utilization, reducing energy consumption and production costs, and at the same time help to reduce environmental pollution. A method of hierarchical recovery of waste heat from annealing furnace was proposed, which realized a more efficient utilization of waste heat by producing steam and hot water step by step, to obtain better economic and social benefits.

The electric melting technology is an efficiency and clean technology, and the all-electric melting furnaces can be used for production of various kinds of glass. The structural and process characteristics of all-electric melting furnaces were summarized. The "oxidation/reduction" chemical reactions of glass raw materials during high-temperature melting were introduced, and the impact of several elements in raw materials at high temperatures chemical reactions were analyzed. Finally, it is recommended that all-electric melting furnaces can be adopted when producing special glass.