即时检验（POCT）是指在患者现场或附近进行的一类诊断测试（也称为床边测试），能够通过使用便携式诊断设备在短时间内获得准确的结果，避免将样本送往医学实验室。随着生物化学分析和微流体检测技术的发展，POCT已被广泛用于诊断和监测患者的疾病和健康状况。微流控纸基分析设备（μPADs）因其简单、用户友好、快速准确的结果读取和低成本而在POCT中广受欢迎。在过去的几十年里，一些μPADs已经成功商业化应用，显示出很好的发展前景。本文简要讨论了μPADs的主要类型、制备方法及其检测原理，并列举了几个具有代表性的例子，描绘了μPADs的未来发展前景。

Near infrared laser induced fundus disease is a disease of the fundus caused by excessive laser energy after irradiation of the eyes with the near infrared laser. With the continuous progress of science and technology, infrared laser is widely used in various fields, which leads to an increase in the number of cases of fundus damage caused by its action, causing widespread concern among people in medical related fields. In this paper, we start from the epidemiological status of near infrared laser induced fundus disease, briefly introduce the clinical manifestations and fundus changes after the injury, and summarize the possible pathological changes and mechanisms of near infrared laser induced fundus disease, treatment plan and prognosis, safety and safety protection. We hope to raise public's awareness of laser safety, reduce the incidence of laser-induced visual injuries, and provide reference and help for future research.

According to statistical data, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant cancers with high incidence and mortality rates, causing a severe burden on society. In response to the serious situation of HCC, the search for efficient early screening methods has become a research hotspot both domestically and internationally. This article reviews the main serum markers for HCC over the past five years, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-fetoprotein-L3 isoform ratio (AFP-L3%), des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), and Golgi protein 73 (GP73). It summarizes the advantages and limitations of these biomarkers and their role in combination with other indicators in the early screening of HCC, as well as the research progress. The article also proposes future development directions to assist in the diagnosis of HCC.

To investigate the influence of deep and superficial blood supply of skin tissue on post-grafting recovery, rat models of deep ischemic skin and multifactorial rat models of superficial skin were constructed in study. Laser speckle contrast imaging technique was utilized to monitor the skin perfusion status. In the models, the relative blood perfusion index was measured and quantified in the skin grafting area by controlling the blood supply in different regions, while the tissue perfusion ratio was analyzed to assess postoperative skin recovery trends. The results indicated that in the rat model of deep ischemic skin, the tissue perfusion ratio of the femoral artery ligature group was lower than that of the normal group. In the multifactorial rat model of superficial skin, the experimental groups subjected to ischemia and cauterization showed lower blood perfusion ratios compared to the control group. By establishing two animal models in study, it was demonstrated that the laser speckle contrast imaging technique can provide real-time monitoring of blood flow after grafting surgery. The blood supply to both deep and superficial skin tissues directly affects the postoperative recovery of the area.

The upstream open reading frame (uORF) as an important component of the 5′ untranslated region (5′-UTR) of eukaryotic genes, has attracted much attention in recent years due to its significant role in gene expression regulation. However, research on uORF in fish is relatively scarce at present. In this study, using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, we targeted and knocked out the uORF in the zebrafish growth hormone receptor gene (ghr) to explore the impact of uORF removal on ghr expression and zebrafish growth and development. By constructing a zebrafish model with a ghr-uORF deletion, we found that after knocking out the uORF, the mRNA and protein expression levels of the ghr gene increased, and the mutant zebrafish showed a growth advantage at the later stages of growth. In addition, the muscle tissue development of the mutant zebrafish also changed, with muscle fiber morphology becoming more circular and arrangement being tighter. These results indicate that uORF plays a suppressive role in regulating ghr gene expression, and knocking out uORF may promote the growth and muscle development of zebrafish. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the regulatory mechanism of uORF in animals and offers a new strategy for genetic improvement in fish.

In this study, fresh peanut nodules were collected from seven major peanut growing areas in Hunan Province, and a total of 7 rhizobia strains were isolated and purified. The local peanut varieties Anhua small-seeded peanut and Changning small-seeded peanut varieties in Hunan Province were selected to test the capability of the 7 rhizobia strains by greenhouse pot inoculation experiments, and all 7 rhizobia strains could effectively form nodulation on the two peanut varieties, among which R3-2 and R4-6 showed the strongest nitrogen-fixing capability. Through 16S rDNA gene sequencing and sequence alignment, strain R3-2 was preliminarily identified as belonging to Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Further experiments demonstrated that the strain R3-2 had certain acid resistance and it grew well in modified Keyser and Munns medium while the pH is equal to 5.4(including pH>5.4), and holding a certain tolerance to heavy metals. Finally, field experiments were carried out in the native environment of R3-2, and the results showed that peanut yield of the treatment group with 70% conventional nitrogen application and R3-2 rhizobia inoculation was the highest, which was 28.54% higher than that of the control group which is with conventional nitrogen application without rhizobia inoculation. With the fine effect on nitrogen fixation, as well as its positive tolerances on hydrogen ion and heavy metals, strain R3-2 is the potential rhizobium utilized in peanut cultivation in southern China.

To investigate the impact of potato virus Y (PVY) on the diversity of bacterial communities and the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil, this study utilized 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. We analyzed the differences in the composition and diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities before and after PVY infection in potato plants and elucidated the changes in the molecular ecological network of the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. The results indicated that PVY infection significantly altered the abundance of the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities, although there was no significant change in species diversity. Molecular ecological network analysis revealed that, compared to healthy plants, the nodes and links in the bacterial network of the rhizosphere soil of PVY-infected plants were reduced, with lower network density, clustering coefficient, and average connectivity. Mantel analysis showed that soil moisture content, available phosphorus, and readily available potassium were the main factors influencing the structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities in the Shimen region (P<0.05). In summary, PVY disrupted the interactions between bacterial community species, and these findings are of significant importance for understanding the mechanisms of interaction between PVY and bacterial communities.

This study examines the association between intestinal metaplasia (IM) and cuproptosis, and develops a predictive model. By analyzing the GSE2669 dataset, gene clusters and immune characteristics associated with cuproptosis in 22 IM samples were characterized, with differential gene clusters identified. The performance of four machine learning models: random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), generalized linear model (GLM), and XGBoost (XGB), was evaluated with the RF model showing superior performance. A RF model based on four genes (DMBT1, HPN, SLC13A3, and YWHAZ) was constructed, and their expression was found to be significantly correlated with CDX2 levels. Expression levels of these genes in normal gastric and intestinal metaplastic tissues were confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot, aligning with the model's predictions. This research preliminarily identifies the role and potential mechanisms of cuproptosis in IM and establishes a predictive model, offering new directions for future clinical applications and research.

Taihu muskmelon, commonly known as “Laotaipo muskmelon” and “crisp muskmelon”, has a long history of cultivation. The skin of the muskmelon is white, the aroma is strong, the meat is crisp and sweet, and it is loved by consumers. However, there is a lack of research on the identification of the characteristics of Taihu muskmelon and the changes of metabolites during storage. The metabolites of Xiaobainiang, Yunaixiang 2 and Lxiangtian were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. At the same time, the Xiaobainiang was stored at room temperature for 1 d and 8 d, and the metabolites of its flesh were analyzed. Using common muskmelon varieties in the market, Lxiangtian and Yunaixiang 2, as controls, a total of 18 136 metabolites were identified in the flesh of the three muskmelon varieties, Xiaobainiang, through metabolomics analysis, which was higher than the control of 14 879 metabolites in Lxiangtian and 15 943 metabolites in Yunaixiang 2. Among them, a total of 1 902 unique metabolites were identified in Xiaobainiang, which was higher than the 449 unique metabolites in the control group of Lxiangtian and 542 unique metabolites in Yunaixiang 2. Analysis of the content of metabolites revealed that the flavonoid compound kaempferol-3-gentiobioside in Xiaobainiang was significantly higher than that in Lxiangtian and Yunaixiang 2, which were 136 and 3 200 times higher, respectively. Meanwhile, the metabolites of Xiaobainiang muskmelon were measured after being stored at room temperature for 1 and 8 days, and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the differential metabolites. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the differential metabolites. In conclusion, Xiaobainiang not only has a certain level of storage stability, but also contains a high amount of flavonoid compounds, particularly kaempferol-3-gentiobioside, which can serve as a characteristic marker for identifying Taihu fragrant melon Xiaobainiang. This study is of significant importance for the identification and promotion of Xiaobainiang.

To investigate the effect of ginkgolide B on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells and the regulatory effect of IB kinase/nuclear factor B (IKK/NF-B) signaling pathway. A549 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into control group (same volume DMSO solvent) and different concentrations (4, 8, 16, 32 mol/L) of ginkgolide B group. After 24 hours of intervention, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell viability to screen the optimal concentration of ginkgolide B for subsequent experiments. Then A549 cells were divided into control group, ginkgolide B group (16 mol/L ginkgolide B), positive drug group (0.4 mg/L adriamycin), inhibitor group (16 mol/L ginkgolide B+10 mol/L IKK/NF-B pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082) and activator group (16 mol/L ginkgolide B+1 mol/L IKK/NF-B pathway activator Prostratin), intervention for 24 hours. 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) was used to measure cell proliferation. Hoechst 33258 staining kit was used to detect cell apoptosis. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression levels of CyclinD1, Caspase-3 and IKK/NF-B pathway-related proteins. According to the results of CCK-8 experiment, 16 mol/L ginkgolide B was selected for subsequent experiments. Compared with the control group, the proliferation rate of A549 cells and the protein expression levels of CyclinD1, p-NF-B p65/NF-B p65 and p-IB/IB in the ginkgolide B group and the positive drug group significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate and Caspase-3 protein expression level significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with ginkgolide B group, cell proliferation rate, CyclinD1, p-NF-B p65/NF-B p65 and p-IB /IB ratio significantly decreased in inhibitor group (P<0.05), while apoptosis rate and Caspase-3 protein expression level significantly increased (P<0.05). In the activator group, cell proliferation rate, CyclinD1, p-NF-B p65/NF-B p65 and p-IB/IB ratios significantly increased (P<0.05), while apoptosis rate and Caspase-3 protein expression levels significantly decreased (P<0.05). Ginkgolide B can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of A549 cells by regulating IKK/NF-B pathway signaling.

To explore the regulatory effects of cryptotanshinone on oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in human lens epithelial cells (HLE-B3) induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). HLE-B3 cell line was cultured in vitro, and HLE-B3 was treated with 100 mol/L H2O2 for 24 h, and then treated with different concentrations of cryptotanshinone (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mol/L) respectively. The optimal concentration of cryptotanshinone was selected according to the results of HLE-B3 cell viability. Then the cells were divided into control group (no intervention), H2O2 group (100 mol/L H2O2 treatment), cryptotanshinone group (100 mol/L H2O2+10.0 mol/L cryptotanshinone treatment), and SP 600125 group (100 mol/L H2O2+20 mol/L JNK signaling pathway inhibitor SP 600125), inhibitor group (100 mol/L H2O2+10.0 mol/L cryptotanshinone+20 mol/L SP 600125) and activator group (100 mol/L H2O2+10.0 mol/L cryptotanshinone+2 mg/L anisomycin, JNK signaling pathway activator), and drug interventions were performed for 24 hours. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were detected by kit method. 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Hoechst 33258 staining kit was used to detect cell apoptosis. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression of CyclinD1, Caspase-3 and JNK pathway-related proteins. According to the results of HLE-B3 cell viability, 10.0 mol/L cryptotanshinone was selected for subsequent experiments. SOD level, proliferation rate and CyclinD1 protein level in H2O2 group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05), MDA level, apoptosis rate, Caspase-3 and phosphorylation (p) -JNK protein levels were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Cryptotanshinone group and SP 600125 group significantly inhibited the above effects of H2O2 on HLE-B3 cells (P<0.05). Compared with cryptotanshinone group, inhibitor group enhanced the effect of cryptotanshinone on H2O2-induced HLE-B3 cells (P<0.05), and activator group weakened the effect of cryptotanshinone on H2O2-induced HLE-B3 cells (P<0.05). Cryptotanshinone inhibits H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of HLE-B3 by inhibiting JNK signaling pathway, and promotes its proliferation.