Three dimensional excitation-emission fluorescence technique can be used for characterizing dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water as an innovative analysis method, which is high sensitive, simple operation, fast analysis and free sample pretreatment. The study of the composition, properties of DOM and sources of characterization methods helps people to further understand the DOM in the natural environment and the produce migration process, and to broaden its application in environmental analysis. Application basis and related environmental influencing factors of three dimensional excitation-emission fluorescence characterizing technique for dissolved organic matter were described. And the application of three dimensional excitation-emission fluorescence characterizing technique in environmental analysis was introduced, which include indirect measurement of water quality index, discrimination and tracing of organic pollutant sources and early alarming of pollution accident.

Global penetrability statistics of CALIPSO over ocean laser samples are derived from the CALIPSO Level 2 5-km lidar cloud layer products between June, 2006 and May, 2010. The effects of the changes of year, season, day/night and geographic location are discussed so as the effect of the different product versions. Results show that cloud layers are detected in about 72.2% of the total over ocean lidar profiles, and 61.4% of the cloudy samples have opaque cloud layer. That means 38.6% of the cloudy samples can get the sea surface information, and together with the cloudless laser samples, about 55.6% of the total lidar samples can be used to detect the information of the sea surface. The different product versions can cause about 9% change in the results.

When the mobile wind lidar is carrying out moving measurement, the cumulation time in every direction is much shorter than that in static measurement, and moreover, the sky background, atmospheric turbulence, mechanical vibration, dark noise and electronic noise of detector can heavily worsen the quality of backscattering signal. As a result, the detection range of wind lidar is greatly limited. Moving average filter and median filter whose operation windows length vary with distance can improve the averaged signal to noise ratio by a factor of 2.8 in the altitude range from 12 km to 15 km, which can effectively expand the detection range.

Owing to the complexity of atmospheric turbulence and the limitation of direct observation method, it is difficult to obtain the atmospheric turbulence in marine surface layer in large spatial and temporal scale. The indirect way by using meteorology factors to estimate the strength of atmospheric turbulence in marine surface with large spatial and temporal scale is an optional method. The relationship between the strength of surface turbulence and the meteorology factors (fluctuations of temperature, wind speed (vertical) and humidity) are based on the empiristic expression offered by Friehe et al. The method is applied to the district of South China Sea(10N21N, 110E120E), based on the data from 1965 to 1997. The data consists of water temperature, air temperature at height, water vapor density adjacent to the sea surface and average water vapor density at height, the average wind speed is also included to estimate the atmospheric turbulence in typical marine surface layer. It turns out that the range of mean turbulence is from 10 to 10, there are significant seasonal changes of atmospheric turbulence in marine surface layer of South China Sea, in general turbulence is much stronger in winter than it in summer, and the discrimination of atmospheric turbulence between seacoast and mare liberum seems not significantly.

The city main structure was simplified to the street structure in which both sides are buildings and the middle is road. The street structure was assumed straight forward and infinite within a pixel, the contribution of pixel radiance from the top of the buildings, the vertical walls and the road was computed respectively using geometrical optics method. Then the bidirectional reflectance function(BRF) of the main structure of the city was constructed in large scale. In the micro-scale, the BRF of the structure surface itself was considered too. For an urban pixel, there may be vegetation, so the BRF of vegetation was considered in the model and the BRF over urban areas was constructed. The BRF of an urban pixel was calculated and the sensitivity was analyzed, the characteristic of BRF over urban areas is the emergence of specular reflection peak and hot spot, and the height of building and vegetation coverage have significantly effects on the BRF of an urban pixel.

The split-window algorithm was recommended to retrieve the land surface temperature of Anhui Province using MODIS image data. Based on the supervised classification methods and the NDVI methods proposed by Sobrino and Qin Zhihao, the land surface emissivity was estimated. The inversion results were compared with NASA land surface temperature products, and the average error was around 1 K. Furthermore, the results were compared with the surface temperature from the corresponding position weather station observation at the same time when satellite transits. The results reveal that they have the same trend and a high correlation, so it can reflect the land surface temperature of Anhui Province intuitively.

Refractive index structure constant is an important atmospheric parameter. There are many methods to measure , one is using micro-thermometer, but the precise controlled micro-thermometer source is difficult to be realized. Therefore, there isnt a standard micro-thermometer source for the calibration of the micro-thermometer until now. Based on the principle of thermodynamics, using adiabatic compression and expansion of gas method, a temperature controlled device is developed. The uncertainty analysis of the device is proved that the device can be used to calibrate micro-thermometer.

In order to meet the practical industry application requirement of environmental pollution test and facilitate the integration of system and reduce the cost, a micro-spectrometer based on linear CCD array is developed. The design of optical and electronics is introduced. A Czerny-Turner optical structure and linear CCD as light detection device are used in the system. In the electronics design, an efficient and flexible data acquisition is achieved by combining intelligent control of microcontroller and accurate timing, programmable of complex programmable logic device. The performance test of micro spectrometer shows that its spectral coverage is between 350 nm and 780 nm, its spectral resolution comes to 0.6 nm and the signal to noise ratio is close to 500.

The metrical software of atmospheric coherence length instrument is upgraded. The image processing algorithm is ameliorated by the software and the efficiency target identification is improved. The area of image processing is doubled, and the stabilization of system is improved. Self-adaptation of the image brightness and contrast is realized in complex environment. Parameters of target identification algorithm can be adjusted by the atmospheric coherence length instrument real-time based on the changes of the brightness of background, so faculae can be captured continuously. The software’s auto tracking is realized based on the threshold algorithm, and the auto level of instrument is improved.

The formula between temperature of the objects having real surface and luminance of the pixels in the CCD image is deduced. A high temperature field measurement method based on color CCD is discussed according to the principle of two-color pyrometer. The method is used to measure the temperature of a black-body furnace and a coal furnace through a CCD camera, which is scaled by a black-body furnace beforehand. The calculation data are compared with the measurement results of thermocouple, and it shows that the precision of the method is satisfying. Furthermore, the measurement errors are analyzed.

In the research of all-solid dual-chamber synchronization and output energy stability of laser power supply system, two sets of all-solid fast discharge power are provided in the system for the excimer laser with the MOPA structure whose synchronization jitter is less than 5 ns and pulsed frequency equals 4000 Hz. Based on EMP570T100C3, a CPLD device, a digitally programmable delay unit is designed, and the implementation method is verified by simulation and experiment to meet the project design requirement.