Cancer treatment remains a stuffy problem, which makes the “unconventional” treatment method become the research hotspot in the 21th century. Bacteriolytic therapy of tumor is mainly based on the stimulation of innate immunity and the targeting colonization of some bacteria in solid tumors. Gene modification of the bacteria with tumor-targeting expressing proteins or gene deletion can increase their tumor targeting ability and biocompatibility. The bacteria equipped with cytotoxic proteins and immune factors can efficiently restrain tumor growth. By the virtue of nanomaterial developments, rapid progresses have been made in researches on the treatment of tumors by combining bacteria with nanotechnology and the nanometer properties of bacterial products. Besides, tumor targeting bacteria can effectively reduce the side effects of clinical treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, and enhance their anti-tumor effects. Exploring the tumor targeting ability, immune anti-tumor property of bacteria, as well as auxiliary for clinical treatment will provide a new idea and approach for human to conquer cancer.

Nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy is a new cancer treatment method, which has the advantages of low toxicity and convenient metabolism. It can inhibit the growth of cancer cells by destroying and inhibiting DNA synthesis and repair, damaging mitochondrial organelles, etc., whereas the short half-life and uncontrollable of NO gas molecules also limit its development in the field of tumor therapy. Therefore, NO-releasing nanosystem that combine with other existent cancer treatments for synergistic anti-cancer therapy is very important. This article mainly introduces the construction and its anticancer mechanism of the multi-modal treatment of NO gas therapy combined with traditional treatment methods such as radiotherapy, ultrasound therapy, photothermal therapy, reactive oxygen species stimulation, chemotherapy. The potential application of combining NO and traditional cancer treatment methods in the field of tumor treatment are highlighted.

Baicalin, a kind of flavonoid substance derived from the root part of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which is the main active ingredient of the plant. The pharmacological effect of baicalin is extensive and it shows great potential in its anti-inflammatory effect, and its main mechanisms include regulating intestinal flora, inhibiting NF-κB nuclear transposing, increasing the expression of related microRNA, inhibiting autophagy, and regulating Treg/Th17 balance. This article reviewed the research progress of baicalin on the anti-inflammatory mechanism at home and abroad, which provides a basis for its clinical application and further study.

In order to investigate the biological roles of CARM1 in breast cancer, we constructed MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line overexpressing CARM1 via tetracycline induction in this study. Western blot and RT-PCR were employed to determine the significant parameters. We revealed that the levels of both CARM1 protein and mRNA significantly increased after successful induction of CARM1 expression. In addition, the effects of overexpression of CARM1 on cell migration, proliferation, clonal formation and cell cycle were analyzed by cell scratch assay, plate cloning assay, cell proliferation assay, and flow cytometry. The results exhibited that the overexpression of CARM1 enhanced cell migration ability, clonal formation ability and cell proliferation ability of MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, the proportion of cells at S and G2/M phases were elevated in CARM1-overexpressed samples detected by flow cytometry analysis, implicating that the overexpression of CARM1 promoted the cell cycle process. In conclusion, this study suggested that the overexpression of CARM1 could promote the proliferation of cells, improve the ability of colony formation and migration, and accelerate the cell cycle process in MDA-MB-231 cells, which can serve as a foundation for further studies on CARM1 in breast cancer cells.

A study on the genetic polymorphisms of 29 Y-STR loci in 1?532 unrelated males of Han population in Southern Jiangxi province and its genetic relationship with other ethnic groups in China was conducted. The Y-STR loci were amplified by DNATyperTM Y29 kit, and capillary electrophoresis was carried out by 3730 genetic analyzer. Y-STR typing was carried out by GeneMapper IDX 1.4 software, and genetic data such as allele frequency and haplotype frequency of 29 Y-STR loci were calculated. Mega-X was used to construct the phylogenetic trees for the selected populations. The molecular variance analysis (AMOVA) of YHRD online tool software was used to calculate the genetic distance between Southern Jiangxi Han population and other populations, and at the same time to construct multi-dimensional scale map (MDS). After analysis, the gene diversity (GD) values of 29 Y-STR loci ranged from 0.381?5 to 0.876?6. In addition to DYS508, DYS437, DYS391 and DYS438 loci, the GD values of the other 25 gene loci were higher than 0.5. The haplotype diversity (HD) was 0.999?924, indicating that 29 Y-STR loci had high genetic polymorphism in Southern Jiangxi Han population. Compared with the Han population in other areas, the genetic distance between the Han population in Southern Jiangxi and Fujian was the closest (genetic distance Rst is 0.000?2), and that between the Han populations in Southern Jiangxi and Heilongjiang was the furthest (Rst is 0.024?9). Compared with other ethnic groups, the Han nationality in Southern Jiangxi had the closest genetic distance to the Bai nationality in Yunnan (Rst is 0.005?9), and the furthest genetic distance to the Tibetan nationality in Ganzi (Rst is 0.468?9). The results showed that the 29 Y-STR loci in this study have high genetic polymorphism in Southern Jiangxi Han population, which can meet the requirements of family investigation and forensic examination. The data obtained can provide data support for research and application of population of genetics and forensic science.

In this study, a representative H3N2 influenza A strain was selected. Based on the analysis and prediction of the secondary structure of H3 protein and the codon usage frequency curve, the codons of H3 gene were optimized scientifically. Based on the principle that the intensity of codon optimization is inversely proportional to the disorder degree of local secondary structure, both expression efficiency and correct structure are considered. Then the optimized H3 sequence was cloned into the pPICZα expression vector and transferred into Pichia pastoris by electroporation. After methanol induction, the H3 protein was expressed and secreted efficiently in P. pastoris. The expression of H3 was identified by coomassian bright blue staining and Western blot, and high copy strains were screened. Finally, the strain was cultured and fermented in shaking flask. After induced by methanol at 30℃ for 72 h, the supernatant of fermentation was collected and concentrated by 10 kD membrane filtration. The purification of H3 recombinant protein was obtained by cobalt column affinity chromatography, and confirmed by coomassian bright blue staining and Western blot. The purified H3 antigen solution did not show haemagglutination activity, however, the nickel column bound H3 showed some to a certain extent. Our study laid a foundation for the recombinant production of H3 in P. pastoris and future vaccine development.

Microphthalmia-related transcription factors (MITF) are closely related to the formation of melanocytes (melanophores). The casper mutant zebrafish is a double-gene mutant zebrafish strain (mitfaw2/w2; roya9/a9) bred by crossing nacre and roy orbison. The observation of fin, scale and early body color development of mitfa-mutated casper zebrafish in this paper confirmed that there were no melanocytes in anal fin, dorsal fin and dorsal scale of casper zebrafish, and no melanocytes were generated during the early body color development. The recombinant plasmid of mitfa overexpression was constructed and microinjected into the fertilized eggs of casper zebrafish. Melanocytes were observed in the head, back and abdomen of the injected group. The results further confirmed that mitfa plays an important role in the formation of fish body color, especially in the formation of melanocytes. At the same time, the preparation of mitfa over-expressing casper zebrafish also provides a material platform for in-depth research on the molecular regulation of fish body color.

In order to explore the microstructure of interstitial channels along meridians in vivo confocal laser imaging system is used to observe the midline of the inner abdominal wall which is the accumulation site of sodium fluorescein in interstitial channels along conception vessel in rats. The tracks of sodium fluorescein aggregation on the surface of inner abdominal wall of rats after sodium fluorescein injection via caudal vein is determined by fluorescence photography. In vivo confocal laser imaging system is used to observe the structural differences between different sites on the tracks of sodium fluorescein along the midline of inner abdominal wall and its adjacent open sites. The results are compared with those of the Masson staining in vitro. It is found that a lot of fibrous tissue parallels to the midline in the interstitial channel along the inner abdominal wall and arranges in order in rat, which is rich in tissue fluid. The fibers on the surface of side muscle tissues are not parallel to the midline. A large number of parallel fiber structures in the interstitial channels along the conception vessel provides a histomorphological basis for the convergence of interstitial fluid to the midline of abdominal wall and the interstitial flow along it. It provides a new method and evidence for the visualization of meridian running and structure. It is of great significance for the exploration of the biological connotation of meridians.

To explore the expression of transforming growth factor-β induced gene (TGFBI) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) and its relationship with clinical significance, Oncomine, GEPIA, LinkedOmics, Kaplan-Meier Plotter and Ualcan databases were used to analyze the expression of TGFBI in CESC, the relationship between TGFBI expression and clinical characteristics of CESC, its impact on the prognosis of patients with CESC, and the methylation of TGFBI in tumor tissue. Timer was used to analyze the relationship between TGFBI gene and tumor immune cells infiltration. The results have indicated that the expression level of TGFBI in CESC tissues was higher than that in normal cervical tissues; the methylation level of TGFBI in CESC tissue was lower than that in normal cervical tissues. There is a significant correlation between the expression of TGFBI and the clinicopathological parameters of CESC patients. The expression of TGFBI was singnificantly correlated with histological type, race, age, tumor purity, radiotherapy, T stage, N stage, M stage and the number of lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The overall survival and progression-free survival were significantly shorter in the TGFBI overexpression group than that in the low expression group (P<0.05). The study was conducted to elucidate that TGFBI is highly expressed in CESC and is associated with the occurrence and development of CESC, which greatly increases the possibility of TGFBI as a potential therapeutic target.

To further understand the relationship between gut microbiota and liver and kidney biochemical indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes with diarrhea. We collected the flora data and liver and kidney index data of 26 patients with type 2 diabetes with diarrhea and 26 patients with type 2 diabetes. One-way variance analysis was used to analyze the differences in liver and kidney indexes between the two groups; linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between liver and kidney indicators and gut microbial alpha diversity; PERMANOVA was used to analyze the difference in structure of gut microbial β diversity; then Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the relationship between liver and kidney biochemical indexes and gut microbiota. The results showed that there were significant differences in triglyceride (TG) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in liver and kidney indexes between the two groups (P=0.006, P=0.003); the increase of serum bilirubin in patients with type 2 diabetes with diarrhea was related to the decrease of the species diversity of the intestinal flora; Bacteroides, Lacetospirillum, and Prevotella in type 2 diabetes patients with diarrhea decreased, whereas Rumenaceae significantly increased. In addition, Laospirillaceae and Rumenomycetes were positively correlated with serum bilirubin, which was related to the decrease of TG and has nothing to do with the increase of BUN. There is a relationship between liver and kidney indexes of patients with type 2 diabetes with diarrhea and gut microbiota, and these bacteria can provide new targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes with diarrhea.

Nitrate is the main form of nitrogen absorbed in land plants, and its absorption is highly correlated with function of nitrate transporters (NRT1). Sorghum bicolor is tolerant to nutrient deficiency, and soil nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency is high. Based on the NRT1 of Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, the full length sequence of the SbNRT1 gene was obtained by screening the sorghum nucleic acid and protein database through Blast, and 20 SbNRT1 genes were identified in combination with bioinformatics methods, gene structure analysis, phylogenetic tree analysis, gene expression, selective evolution and protein physicochemical properties, secondary and tertiary structure of SbNRT1 gene family. The results showed that SbNRT1 gene families were distributed on SBI-01～SBI-10, with exception of SBI-08; SbNRT1 proteins are hydrophobic proteins, most of them have no signal peptides, and subcellular localization is mostly on the plasma membrane; the secondary structure is dominated by α-helix and random coils. The SbNRT1 protein family tertiary structure is consistent with predictions, credibility reached 93 percent. SbNRT1 protein family were divided into eight branches. Members of SbNRT1 are more closely related to those of foxtail millet and maize, and appeared in the evolution of single and double cotyledons differentiation. Sobic.004G193000 gene is expressed at a high level in many parts of the growth period. Expression of Sobic.001G133900, Sobic.003G295500 and Sobic.001G302800 are induced in the roots by nitrate and ammonium and urea. ka/ks value calculated based on data for genome resequence for sorghum accession indicated that the evolution of SbNRT1 has purification effect. The results of this study provide a basis for further research on the function of genes related to nitrogen use efficiency in sorghum.

Methyl orange wastewater was treated by domesticated Trichoderma koningii. Taking the decolorization rate as the index, the effects of culture factors such as reaction time, initial methyl orange concentration, pH, glucose dosage and different culture time on the degradation of methyl orange wastewater in the early growth stage of Trichoderma koningii were discussed. Taking the decolorization rate as the index, the enzymatic degradation reaction under the condition of certain pH, temperature, enzyme solution dosage, initial methyl orange concentration and reaction time was discussed; the optimum conditions for decolorization and degradation of methyl orange dye were verified by orthogonal test, which provided an experimental basis for the biological treatment of dye wastewater. The results showed that the optimum condition for the degradation of methyl orange wastewater by Trichoderma koningii was initial methyl orange concentration of 30 mg/L, culture time of 72 h, glucose concentration of 25 g/L and pH of 6.5. The degradation rate of the enzyme extracted under the optimal culture condition can reach 85.48% under the treatment condition of enzyme solution dosage of 0.6 mL, temperature of 25℃, pH of 7.0 and treatment time of 6 h, the decolorization effect is obvious, which provides a reference for the enzymatic degradation condition of methyl orange dye wastewater by Trichoderma koningii.

The present study aims to investigate the genetic stability of the plasmid expressing chicken interleukin-2 (ChIL-2) and chicken interleukin-4 (ChIL-4) fusion genes carried by the DH5α/pUC57 recombinant strain during the large-scale production process, and to explore its potential as an immune adjuvant for live chicken coccidiosis vaccine in commercial batch production. The laboratory genetic stability identification of the recombinant DH5α/pUC57 was carried out by subculturing the recombinant plasmid for 30 consecutive generations. The results showed that after the recombinant strain being cultured for 30 consecutive generations on the lysic?broth?(LB)?plates?containing?ampicillin?(Amp+), the recombinant bacterias remained Gram-negative (G-), and could ferment glucose and mannitol?to?result?in?specific?phenomena,?whereas?none?fermented?lactose?was?found.The homology of the 16S rDNA fragments between the recombinant bacteria and E. coli was greater than 95%, the supercoil ratio of the recombinant plasmids of each generation was greater than 90%, and the plasmid loss rate was 0. The expression product of the recombinant plasmid could stimulate the differentiation of spleen lymphocytes of SPF chicks. The above results indicate that there were essentially no changes in the structure of the 30 generations of continuous passages for the ChIL-2-ChIL-4 fusion gene?recombinant?bacteria?and?recombinant?plasmids, and the plasmids can be isolated stably, which can provide material support for the expansion of production.