As integral imaging has narrower viewing angles for three-dimensional reconstruction images, it can not be widely applied in three-dimensional display. To enhance the viewing angles of integral imaging, this paper develops a new three-dimensional integral imaging system with a larger view angle based on the multi-level projection technology. The system projects the element image array with different levels in parallel based on multi-projectors and obtains a construction image with a large viewing angle by three dimensional reconstruction. As compared with the conventional method with multi-axles, the proposed method has the advantages on its simply structure without other field lenses and stable system no vibration and noises. Furthermore, it is suitable for the large-scale integral imaging system. The optical experiment shows that the viewing angle of proposed integral imaging system with multi-projectors is ±35°, which is 2.92 times that of the conventional integral imaging system and enhances the viewing angle greatly.

To reduce the projection fringes in three dimensional profile measurement by traditional phase shift method and to improve the measuring speed, a dual-frequency and 4-step phase-shifting color fringe profilometry is proposed to measure the 3-D shapes of objects with step-jumps and discontinuous shapes. Dual-frequency color fringe patterns with 4-steps phase-shifting are generated by computer encoding with four low-frequency and high-frequency sinusoidal fringe patterns. These color fringe patterns are projected onto the tested objects by a digital video projector, and the deformed fringe patterns are captured by a color CCD/CMOS camera and stored into a computer. Then, the recorded fringe patterns are separated into their RGB components and become 8 frames of fringe patterns. One image related to the background is also obtained by the sum of four dual-frequency color fringe patterns. The shapes of tested objects are acquired from high-frequency fringe patterns, and the ambiguous phase jumps caused by steps are eliminated by using low-frequency fringe patterns. To determine the shadow and dark background, the image related to the background is binarized and used for correcting the phase extraction. The experimental results verify that the proposed method can measure exactly the step-jumps and discontinuous shapes with only four images. Compared with existing methods, the presented method can effectively reduce the quantity of information of fringe projection and image acquisition.

A cascaded electro-optical(E-O) switch was studied to suppress Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) and promote the signal contrast of the laser pulse, because the ASE could decrease the signal contrast ratio and widen the waveform and distortion in a high power excimer laser severely. The cascaded mode of the E-O switch was explored, the factors that effect on signal contrast ratio of the E-O switch were analyzed, then the work mode using the E-O switch cascaded was proposed to promote the contrast ratio of the switch. On the basis of a single switch, the cascaded E-O switch layout was designed. The analyzer of the first switch was used as the polarizer of the following one, and the driving power supply was installed discretely to avoid the crosstalk. An experiment on ASE suppression for the low duty cycle of a pre-amplifier was performed using a cascaded double E-O switch. The results show that the contrast ratio of the cascaded switch reaches 104 level and the signal contrast ratio of the pre-amplifier output pulse reaches 106 level, which is beneficial to the amplification of laser pulse signals in following amplifier stages of the system.

The Ge-SiO2 and Ge/Al-SiO2 compound films were prepared by Radio-Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique, and then Ge nanocrystals were obtained in the films by a thermal annealing treatment. The optical bandgaps of the Ge nanocrystals in the two films were calculated by measured UV-visible absorption spectral data, and the nonlinear optical properties of the two compound films were investigated by using picosecond laser Z-scan technique. Experiments show that the nonlinear absorption coefficients of Ge-SiO2 and Ge/Al-SiO2 films at 1 064 nm lasing are -1.23×10-7 m/V and 4.35×10-8 m/W, respectively. The former corresponds to the saturable absorption, while the latter corresponds to the two-photon absorption. Furthermore, both the Ge-SiO2 and Ge/Al-SiO2 films can be as the saturable absorbers to implement the passive Q-switching and mode-locking operation for a 1.06 μm laser. Obtained experimental results demonstrate that Ge/Al-SiO2 film could achieve narrower Q-switched pulse and mode-locked pulse than that of the Ge-SiO2 film. Finally, it discusses the mechanisms of passive Q-switching and passive mode-locking with the two films.

To implement the high reliability and low power consumption, a small-scale target positioning instrument with multi-channels and a large field of view was developed. The optical, mechanical, electronic, mathematical models were built and a calibrating scheme and the algorithm to distinguish the corresponding channels for the imaging points in target positioning were investigated. First, the surface distribution structure of a lens array was designed according to the requirement of large field of view, a spherical shell substrate for installing lenses was machined, and the whole lenses were imaged on one CMOS. Subsequently, the imaging quality was improved by the designed refractive lens and the drivers of CMOS and USB2.0 were developed. Then, a mathematical model for the designed compound eye system was established, and the system calibration was completed. Finally, by the distinguished algorithm for the channels of their imaging points, the target positioning was completed, and three dimensional contours of a large part was measured based on the designed system. Experimental results indicate that the actual measured error for the target is about 2%, whose viewing angle is covered with 66° on the horizontal plane and 43° on the vertical plane of the compound eye. It can satisfy the system requirements of three dimensional target positioning with a large field of view.

To explore the skylight polarization patterns during twilight, the effects of sunlight and moonlight on the skylight polarization patterns during twilight were investigated. First, the polarization patterns of sunlight and moonlight were simulated by matlab based on Rayleigh scattering theory and the differences between them were analyzed .Then, the polarization patterns during twilight were measured by a full-sky imaging test system and the polarization pattern distributions during twilight were obtained on a good day. Finally, the test results were compared with the simulation polarization patterns of sunlight, respectively and moonlight and the effects of sunlight and moonlight on polarization patterns during twilight were studied based on the positions of the neutral points, the number of neutral points and the direction of the meridian. The results show that the tested polarization patterns are in agreement with the theoretical polarization patterns of sunlight, which concludes that the polarization patterns of sunlight play a major role in the polarization patterns during twilight.

The feasibility of using the Fourier transform near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectrometry to determine egg quality and storage time rapidly was investigated. The spectral models were established based on Partial Least Square(PLS) for egg quality indexes(Haugh unit, protein pH and egg shape) and storage time and the coefficient of determination(R2cv) and the Root Mean Square Error of Cross Validation(RMSECV) were used to evaluate the model accuracy. The results show that the optimal predictive models for Haugh unit, protein pH, egg shape and storage time are obtained by effective information selection with the R2cv of 0.86、0.84、0.26 and 0.92, respectively and the RMSECV of 7.52, 0.17, 0.05 and 1.37, respectively. It concludes that the models have better measuring accuracy and prediction capabilities except for the egg shape, which can meet the requirements of fast non-destructive detection for the fresh eggs. Moreover, All parameters have a higher correlation with the change of storage time except for the egg shape, which meets the change tendency of the storage fresh eggs.

An atmospheric radiation measuring instrument (DTL-1) was developed to research the sky brightness radiance in real time, which could measure the integral radiance at wavelength of 400 to 1 000 nm in two working modes of all-sky scanning and given direction sounding. The design scheme was introduced in detail by the functional-block diagrams of system structure and the flowchart of signal acquisition about DTL-1 and the main technical parameters of instrument were also presented. Then, the absolute integral radiance of the DTL-1 was calibrated in the spectral range of 400 to 1 000 nm by using a wide wave range absolute calibration method, and measuring stability under a constant brightness was tested. At last, the results measured by DTL-1 for practical data from different regions were compared to simulation of MODTRAN5. The results show that the average radiance of work stable test and the root-mean-square error are 36.496 W/m2·sr, and 0.463 W/m2·sr, respectively, and the variance between measurements of DTL-1 and simulations of MODTRAN is under 20%. It demonstrates that DTL-1 can satisfy the requirement of scientific research and actual application.

To design a Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) system rapidly and to predict its performance, a FSM dynamic model with two Degree of Freedom (DOF) was established, and a design method for the “dynamic model-based design of FSM” was investigated. The structure and operating principle of the FSM was described, and an ideal dynamic model of FSM was derived. Then, the high-order resonance and the coupling between the axes were analyzed and a two DOF integrated model of FSM is established. Based on the FSM model, main parameters for the FSM were determined. According to the design parameters, a FSM prototype was produced and its performance was tested. The results indicate that the simulation performance obtained by the FSM model is coincident with the experimental performance of the FSM prototype well. Moreover, the FSM shows its bandwidth more than 250 Hz, adjusting time less than 15 ms, overshoot less than 8%, and position accuracy better than 20 μrad. These results demonstrate that the FSM prototype can satisfy the design requirements. It verifies the validity and correctness of the design method.

A balance wheel to offset output torques and momentums of the gimbals during working was researched to eliminate the influence of movement of an optoelectronic tracking system on the satellite attitude. The balance wheels used in gimbals based on satellites are characterized by starting frequently, changing extensively in velocity and acceleration, and passing zero of velocity, which are quite different from that used to control satellite attitude. Therefore, a new balance wheel was designed based on angular momentum balance principle to meet the requirements of optoelectronic tracking gimbals for acquiring and tracking targets. The model and structure of the balance wheel were analyzed and optimized by finite element methods. Then an electromechanical dynamic model for describing the dynamic characteristics of optoelectronic tracking gimbals with the balance wheels was established, and the simulation for an azimuth rotor was researched by Matlab/Simulink and the reasonable results were presented. To verify the feasibility, a model prototype was developed. Then the experiment method based on an air bearing table was presented and the residual angular momentum was tested. Analysis and test results show that the residual angular momentum has reduced by 96%. The research verifies that the balance wheel can satisfy the application requirements of satellites.

A visible light transmittance machine vision detection method was put forward to measure the bonding quality of micro devices made by transparent materials with specific compositions and structures. The performance requirements of main components in the system hardware was analyzed, and the image processing techniques for the detection system were researched. The visible light transmittance machine vision detection system captured the image with the main components of the light source, camera, lens and the computer and implemented quality testing by image subtraction, gray histogram adjustment, image filtering and image binarization. Experimental results indicate that the proposed detection method can detect the bonding gaps of the micro devices made by transparent materials sensitively and effectively, and the detection accuracy of flaw size is about 10 μm. The results meet the detection requirements of micro devices for bonding quality and verify that the method is efficient, non-contact, non-destructive and non-polluting.

To evaluate the efficiency of a vehicle carrying and high supporting optic-electronic detecting system in its design phase exactly, a method for synthesizing parameters from an optic-electronic subsystem, a mast system and a vehicle system was proposed to analyze the combat efficiency of the detecting system. By taking the expert giving cent as the main evaluating measure, a fuzzy synthetic evaluation project was introduced to evaluate the combat efficiency of the optic-electronic detecting system. This method was used to a vehicle carrying and high supporting optic-electronic detecting system, and the searching tracking and leading ability, system unstableness ability, system viability were evaluated. Obtained evaluation values are 79, 85 and 87, and the collectivity efficiency is 82, which is identical with the actual evaluation of the system. The results can prove that the proposed project is more scientific and can be extended to other efficiency evaluation of optic-electronic systems.

Silicon microgroscope is processed usually by microfabrication technology. It could lead to a quadrature coupling error and influence the output of the silicon microgyroscope for the lower relative accuracy from the fabrication processing. To optimize the structure of the silicon microgyroscope and enhance its performance, a theoretical model of quadrature coupling coefficients for the microgyroscope was established. Firstly, energy theorem was used to infer the in-plane stiffness of driving beam to set up the stiffness matrix of the microgyroscope. Then, the theoretical analysis model of quadrature coupling coefficients was established. According to a dual-mass vibrating silicon microgyroscope developed by our research group, the theoretical calculation shows that the direct coupling coefficient and the second-order coupling coefficient are 4.74×10-5 and 8.44×10-7, respectively, and the quadrature coupling coefficient of the developed microgyroscope is 4.75×10-5, 8.7% different from the simulation value. Meanwhile, the analysis indicates that the maximum value of quadrature coupling coefficient is 2.18×10-4 , 7.9% different from the simulation value. Finally, the calculating result is confirmed by an experiment test. It concludes that the theoretical model of quadrature coupling coefficients can provide the theory foundation and application direction for improving the properties of silicon microgyroscopes.

An image measuring aerial gondola system with high frame rates was established to observe the critical stages of aircrafts such as the flight calibration of aircraft and the beam-leaving, felling and attitude of missiles. To ensure the visual and infrared lights to be coaxial in the system and the entire system to be a perfect aerodynamic shape, the common-path design was used for both visual and infrared paths. The optical calibration method was used in image registration, and a processing approach was proposed to improve the calibration accuracy. Then, the characteristics of optical calibration were summarized. Several image fusion methods to achieve real-time effect in the time domain were analyzed and their results were compared. Finally, how to eliminate the edge traces of the fusion image with different sizes was discussed, and it suggests that the window function method can not only retain the effect of fusion but also can eliminate the edge traces of fusion images. The experiment results indicate that the common-path design is used to process different source images with a frame rate of 100 frame/s can increase the registration rate to 99% , the stability to 95%, and allow the registration time to 2 ms (immediately image registration after read from the sensor). The proposed method basically meets the requirements of the image measuring aerial gondola system for high-precision, real-time and strong anti-interference of registration and fusion of high frame rate images and is suitable for engineering applications.

The relationship between the microscopic topology and the optical performance of Single Point Diamond Turning (SPDT) surfaces was discussed to optimize SPDT machining parameters and to evaluate the optical characteristics of diamond turned surfaces. For surface microscopic topology generated by an ideal tool, the phenomena of multiple image reflection was analyzed by both threshold analysis and surface scattering theory analysis. With the threshold analysis, the scattering of single arc tool mark was calculated firstly, and then the modulation characteristics of periodic tool mark structure to the light was used to calculate the approximate thresholds of tool nose radius and feedrate (feeding distance per spindle rotation). In the situation of wavelength of incident light at 500 nm, the threshold feedrate is calculated to be 19 μm when the tool nose radius is 500 μm. With the roughness scattering theory analysis, the calculation could be more precise by using electric integral——Stratton-Chu Integral. Obtained results show that for a fine machined surface, when the light can not be seen in observing the turned surface with non-mirror direction, especially 1-order maximum direction, the surface can be recognized as a mirror effect.

A feedforword-cascade water cooling control system is presented to meet the requirements of a projection lens in a high-resolution optical lithography for the fast convergence and high performance temperature control. The system takes an objective as the primary control object and the cooling water as a secondary control object. According to the slow dynamic temperature response characteristics of the projection lens, model predictive control is adopted as the outer loop main control algorithm. On the basis of the large time-delay problems of a cooling water circuit, the PID control with a Smith predictor is used as the inner loop auxiliary control algorithm. To overcome the serious disturbance in optical lithography at different operating status, the feedforward compensation is introduced to control the laser thermal interference. Finally, the temperature control experiment for the objective is simulated under the conditions of different control structures and thermal interferences. The results show that the stable-state error curve of the objective is in the ±0.01 ℃. The control experimental results demonstrate that the method has fast convergence and strong anti-interference, and meets the requirements of the projection lens for ultra-precision temperature control.

Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator(GMA) has complex hysteretic nonlinearities, which can degrade system performance and cause system instability. To solve the problem, this paper establishes a model to accurately describe hysteretic phenomenon and propose a proper method to improve real-time control accuracy. Firstly, Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI) operator is proposed in this paper to model the hysteresis of GMA and Least Mean Square(LMS) algorithm is used identify the parameter of this model, by which the prediction error reaches up to 0.037 9 μm. Then, an inverse model is established based on the PI model for real-time compensation control of the hysteresis, and the inverse control error reaches up to 0.309 μm. The experimental results demonstrate that PI operator can accurately characterize the GMA hysteresis, and the model has advantages of simple calculation and strong hysteretic tracking ability. The real-time compensation control of hysteresis can effectively reduce hysteretic errors and improve real-time control accuracy. It is a effective way to achieve precision driving control of GMAs.

A new piezoelectric inertial rotary actuator by taking piezoelectric stacks as the power converters was proposed based on controlling the normal pressure to regulate the frictional force. By arranging two piezoelectric stacks symmetrically, the structure of the piezoelectric rotary actuator was designed, and its motion mechanism was explored. A prototype of piezoelectric rotary actuator was developed and the experimental test on the actuator was performed. Experimental results show that the actuator is excellent in linearity of output step and its rotation step is 20 μrad when the square wave is 10 V and the frequency is 2 Hz. The stability of the actuator was analyzed and an extra control system was added to overcome the shortcoming in the step stability at different start points. The error sources were obtained by analysis on the test data, which provides references for further optimization of the actuator. Research in this paper proves the feasibility of the design method for piezoelectric rotary actuators. It can be used in design of piezoelectric rotary actuators with simple structures, small volumes for micro-driving applications.

The stereo imaging of a long focus off-axis three-mirror optical system on orbit was simulated in a laboratory, and the imaging possibility of the system on orbit was verified by image processing and image analysis. A single point imaging method was proposed for the outdoor stereoscopic imaging of the long focus off-axis three-mirror mapping camera. In this method, the single cameras was used to image the target through rotating an experiment table. The target was rotated according to a planned camera rendezvous angle and the angle was measured exactly. Then, the intersection angle of the two line array cameras was simulated by rotating the target. In the outdoor stereoscopic imaging, the target was designed based on the orbital altitude, object distance, elevation accuracy and planned precision. Finally, the image methods were verified and the measuring accuracy for exterior orientation elements and the angle between two cameras were analyzed. Obtained results demonstrate that the single point imaging method has practical values and can be used in the feasibility verification of stereoscopic imaging of long focu off-axis three-mirror cameras.

To improve the machining accuracy of Nanosys-1000 ultra-precision machine for aspheric optics, the flow distribution of a hydrostatic thrust bearing which is one of core components in the machine was researched to reveal the characteristics of the bearing．A simulation model of fan-shaped oil pad for a symmetrical structure hydrostatic thrust bearing was created by using ANSYS/Fluent software, and the flow field distribution law and bearing characteristics of the oil pad on a inlet oil pressure of 1.3-1.9 MPa and an oil film thickness of 20-36 μm were analyzed by using a laminar flow model. The results show that the pressure in the oil chamber region is very uniform and it decreases linearly along resistive oil edges. Furthermore, the oil film bearing capacity is linear growth with the oil cavity pressure.Under the same inlet oil pressure, the smaller the oil film thickness is, the greater the oil film bearing capacity is; when inlet oil pressure is 1.5 MPa, the oil film thickness decreases from 36 μm to 20 μm and the oil cavity pressure increases from 3.05×105 Pa to 8.02×105 Pa; accordingly, the oil film bearing capacity increases from 880 N to 2 109 N. Under the same load, the higher the inlet oil pressure is, the larger the oil film thickness is; when the oil film bearing capacity is 1 320 N, the inlet oil pressure increases from 1.3 MPa to 1.9 MPa; accordingly, the oil film thickness increases from 26 μm to 30 μm. Moreover, under the same oil film thickness, the higher the inlet oil pressureis, the larger the oil flow is; when the oil film thickness is 28 μm, the inlet oil pressure increases from 1.3 MPa to 1.9 MPa; accordingly, the oil flow increases from 0.179 L/min to 0.231 L/min. The relative research results have been verified in the hydrostatic thrust bearing of the Nanosys-1 000 ultra-precision machining tool.

A high-order hybrid regularization method for image blind restoration was proposed to restore blurry-noisy images blindly. Because of the sparse edges in a natural image, the Total Variation(TV) regularization restriction was applied to the edge texture component. According to the variation regulation of pixels in homogeneous smooth regions of the natural image, a high-order Tikhonov-like regularization restriction was applied to the smooth regions of the image, and a new model which combines the TV regularization restriction and the high-order Tikhonov-like regularization restriction was proposed. Finally, a multi-variable Split-Bregman (MSB) optimized iterative scheme was proposed to recover the image. A large number of experiments have been performed. The results prove that the proposed method is able to preserve the image edges while avoiding staircase effects and false edges in the smooth regions. The proposed method is compared with several recent image blind restoration methods, and results show that the Increment of Signal-to-noise Ratio(ISNR) has been improved between 0.03 dB and 2.5 dB.

For the multi-channel data outputs, high data rates and high grayscales of remote sensing CCD cameras at present, a new fast-view system by using parallel processing technology based on Field Programming Gate Array(FPGA) is proposed and performed. The system consists of a high-speed mass storage unit, a pre-treatment unit and a high grayscale display unit. The high-speed mass storage unit directly controls large-capacity SATA disk arrays by using FPGA to implement the high speed storage of mass image data. The pretreatment unit processes the mass image data by zooming, translation and data fusion in real time, by which overcomes the technical bottlenecks of the processing speeds of traditional fast-view systems. Moreover, high grayscale, large format and seamless image data is displayed on three 12-bit monitors by high grayscale display unit. The results show that the system has a storage capacity up to 96 TB, and can record and display 12-channel CCD image data quantified by 12-bit at the total rate up to 19.7 Gb/s in real-time . The system is reliable, easy to expand and has been successfully applied in many types of development tests of remote sensing cameras.

To obtain every single LED’s contribution when they illuminate the target locations and to acquire, record or reappear some specific light patterns, this paper explores how to estimate the parameters of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). These parameters are amplitude, frequency offset and phase delay, and they are generally used to control the LED points. Firstly, the frequency offset-phase delay space is dispersed into reticulated grid spaces, and a sparse model is established based on the measured data with sparsity characteristics in the grid space. Then, on the basis of the sparse model, very few samples are utilized to reconstruct the unknown parameters fast by means of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm. Finally, an iterative refinement grid technique is introduced to optimize the sparse model so as to suppress the estimation error effectively. Experimental results indicate that the method presented in this paper can reconstruct the unknown parameters fast by using only 27.5% samples that of the traditional Nyquist sampling theorem. Simultaneously, this algorithm is found robustness when Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) is higher than 20 db after lots of contrast tests in different noise conditions.

A improved Iterative Closest Point(ICP) algorithm based on hierarchical block global search to neighbor local search method is presented to get up the registration speed of the ICP algorithm and remove the effect of defective point clouds on the point cloud registration. The method aims at finding the corresponding closest points for ICP algorithm and resulting in the automatic registration of 3D point clouds. After the initial registration, merely a few model points are selected hierarchically while the point cloud blocks are served as the selection units. Then, the corresponding closest points of those model points are searched globally. After a large number of neighboring points of a few model points are selected, the corresponding closest points of the vast number of the model points are searched in local areas by considering the closest points of the few model points as the searching centers. Finally, the correspondence outliers are removed, and the fine alignment transformation is obtained. As compared to both the traditional ICP algorithms based on KD-Tree and LS+HS(Logarithmic Search Combined with Hierarchical Model Point Selection), the proposed algorithm has improved its registration speeds by 78% and by 24% for the Happy bunny scanning data as well by 73% and by 30% for Dragon scanning data. It concludes that the proposed algorithm can quickly and precisely achieve the registration of 3D point clouds.

To make customized shoes without standard shoe-lasts, a customized shoe-last system is established based on the adaptive deformation of Non-uniform Rational B Spline (NURBS) curves for foot characteristics. The system uses the deformation from foot characteristic curves to make shoe-lasts based on comfortable matching rules. First, the cutting plane method is used to acquire the characteristic information, including characteristic points, characteristic curves and characteristic sizes, following that, the characteristic curves are reconstructed in NURBS. Then, the comfortable matching rules between feet and shoe-lasts are established, and characteristic curves are divided into four different types according to different deformation ways and orders. Furthermore, the foot characteristic curves are deformed to shoe-last’s characteristic curves driven by the comfortable match rules in the constraints of the characteristic points, characteristic nodes and the characteristic sizes. Finally, it structures the shoe-last’s characteristic frame, and finishes the design of customized shoe-last through adding characteristic curves and subdividing the surface mesh of shoe-last. With this system, a men’s leather shoe with comfort and beauty can be customized in less than 480 s. This system is practical, and can increase greatly the utilization of redesign for customized shoe-lasts.

Over exposure and camera lens distortion often result in the separation and local area asymmetry of a chessboard corner and the existing chessboard corner detection algorithms can not extract the corner information in such conditions accurately. Therefore, this paper proposed a detecting algorithm based on the circular template under an image coordinate. The symmetry and interchangeability needed by gray distribution of the local area for the chessboard corner were analyzed, and the properties of a convoluted image for the circular template were obtained .On the basis of the properties, the chessboard corner was defined and extracted. Finally, the symmetry of local redundant corner distribution was used to remove the redundant corner to improve the corner detection accuracy and to allowed the extracted accuracy of the corner to sub-pixel level in merely one step by employing the image coordinate. Experiment results show that our algorithm can achieve better results in over exposure and lens distortion both at simple backgrounds and complex scenes, and it is characterized by higher operation speed and smaller errors . Applying proposed algorithm to a camera calibration, a re-projection error less than 0.3 pixels is obtained.

As Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Local Mean Decomposition (LMD) cannot take care of both the decomposition rate and the smallest error simultaneously, a fast and effective method combined Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial with the LMD(PCHIP-LMD) was proposed to improve the precision of iris recognition. According to the distribution characteristics of iris textures, the PCHIP-LMD method was used to decomposed a normalized recognition image line by line to generate the component image with different scales. Then, the feature image of iris was obtained by binarization of useful components for the iris recognition. Furthermore, the Hamming distance was used to match the feature image by horizontal and vertical shifts to obtain the matched vectors. Finally, the improved standard deviation of the matching vector was calculated and was used to iris recognition. This method was used in CASIA1.0、CASIA2.0、CASIA3.0-Interval and MMU1 database and obtained results show that the correct recognition rates are achieved respectively 99.968 1%, 99.884 5%, 99.993 5%, 99.878 2%. These experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method eliminates the high frequency noise when the iris feature is extracted and obtains the binary feature of the image effectively, which have the advantages of higher speeds, higher recognition rates and better robustness.

To construct a high qualitative disparity space image in stereo vision, a fast global optimal matching algorithm based on Gibbs Random Field(GRF) model was proposed. In this algorithm, the relationship between a space point and its neighborhood was described by using the GRF, and an improved Graph Cut method was used to calculate the matching relationship of the neighborhoods and to obtain the density disparity space image of a scene. Firstly, a set of matching points with distinct matching relationship was calculated, and named them as support points. Then, these support points were taken for the center and their neighborhood spaces were expanded. The improved Graph Cuts algorithm was used to match the expanded neighborhood spaces, and then set the neighborhood points that meet matching degree as new support points. Repeating the above steps and extending progressively, until the expansion of the neighborhood covered the entire the scene image and the density disparity map of the image pair was obtain finally. Experimental results show that this method has good speed consistency on the disparity map of the different scenes, and the matching time is about 0.8-1.2 s. For reflecting the practical value of the algorithm, the proposed algorithm was adopted to construct the disparity map of a real scene on the binocular vision test bed Smart Eye Ⅱ, and good reconstruction results were obtained.

A three-dimensional(3D) Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT) method based on hexagonal sampling was proposed to fit the arrangement of hexagonal structure of the human retinal cells and to take advantage of the correlation among each color component of the color images. The method completed the conversion between the traditional rectangular sampling and hexagonal sampling according their relationships. Then, it proposed 3D Hexagonal sampling DCT(3D HDCT) on the basis of existing HDCT and verified its energy concentration. Finally, the spatial positions and color components of the color images in the same model were established, and the different images were transformed with different sub-plot sizes in a whole way by proposed method respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method increases the compression ratio about 51.1% and the Peak Sigal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) about 16.3% as compared with that traditional rectangular sampling method, respectively. The results decrease the correlation among color components of color images effectively, and demonstrate that hexagonal sampling applied to image coding can improve sampling rates and decrease coding rates.

As Micro Processing Technology Matching based Micro Image Edge Detection method (MPTM-MIED) developed by previous research can not automatically detect the micro image edges of micro accessories in real time, this paper designs the MPTM-MIED based on BP neural network again. Then, it proposes a novel Automated Micro Image Edge Detection method (AMIED) to extract edges of micro images automatically. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, the edges of micro images from micro accessories fabricated by four different methods are extracted by AMIED and the sizes of micro accessories by line cutting are measured. Obtained results show that the detected edges by AMIED and MPTM-MIED are almost the same, and the AMIED has better edge-connectivity as compared with some common detection algorithms. Furthermore, the analysis results indicate that the measured sizes by AMIED are almost equal to those measured by MPTM-MIED and they are more close to those measured by the universal tool measuring microscope as compared with that of the Canny algorithm. Because the method has no more need of selecting edge transition region, it improves the detection speed and can measure the sizes of micro accessories in real time.

This paper provides a method to get low level logic and route resources of a Field Programming Gate Array(FPGA) from XDL documents. In the preprocess stage, the lowly logic document is transformed to a relational database with different attributes via a regular expression. In the data mining stage, different algorithms are adopted to cluster the data to get preliminary knowledge based on the different internal features of each level of the database. By taking a rough set to analyze the preliminary knowledge and summarize its attribute, the relation of the preliminary knowledge is obtained and the knowledge for decision rule and production rule is given. Finally, the above rules are validated and generalized through a validator and a generalization device. Experiments show that the highest compressing rate of wire logic can reach 2.88×10-4 for a huge FPGA. This method has good versatility and interchangeability and is suitable for acquiring the low level information and knowledge from FPGAs in different apparatus families. The method has signification in exploring the topology framework of FPGA, improving controllability for dynamic reconfiguration of FPGA, and achieving more flexibility reconfiguration.

A new measurement method for soil resistivity, Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) DC component method, was put forward, and corresponding power signal supply, acquisition and processing of measurement signals, measuring accuracy and data stability in the measurement were explored. First, the benefits and drawbacks of the traditional measurement methods for soil resistivity using the DC or AC power supplies were analyzed, respectively. Based on above analysis, a combination signal of DC and AC was adopted as the excitation signal of the soil to overcome the deficiency of traditional measurement methods. Then, how to isolate the DC component of the measurement signal in a frequency domain was discussed. Finally, a measurement system for soil resistivity was established. The size of the DC component and the frequency of the excitation signal were determined by a circuit experiment on the soil conductivity model, and the measurement accuracy of the system was verified. Furthermore, the stability of the measurement results was confirmed by comparing with those of traditional methods. Experimental results indicate that the error of resistivity measurement in model circuit is less than 1%, and the variance of the actual soil resistivity measurement data is 0.42, which proves that soil resistivity measurement results are reliable, accurate and stable by proposed method.