Fig. 1. Schematics of excitation^[6]. (a) Schematic of single photon excitation; (b) schematic of two-photon excitation

Fig. 2. Two-photon microscopic imaging system with indirect wavefront detection using SLM^[23]. (a) Working principle of sub-aperture segmentation technology; (b) systemically and globally corrected images of 1 μm diameter fluorescent beads placed under 250 μm thick mouse brain slices and globally corrected wavefront

Fig. 3. Two-photon microscopic imaging system based on iterative multiphoton adaptive compensation technique and its imaging results^[28]. (a) Schematic of optical path ; (b) imaging results of 5th layer neurons in mouse cerebral cortex

Fig. 4. DMD and SLM based sub-aperture segmentation two-photon microscopic imaging system and its imaging results^[30]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) imaging results of 4th and 5th layer neurons in cerebral cortex of invivo mouse before and after AO correction

Fig. 5. Multiphoton microscopic imaging system based on sub-aperture segmentation and its imaging results^[31]. (a) Optical path diagrams of two- and three-photon microscopic imaging system; (b) three-photon microscopic imaging results of neurons in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of in vivo mice before and after correction

Fig. 6. Two-photon microscopic imaging system based on ring sub-aperture segmentation and its imaging results^[32]. (a) Schematics of ring sub-aperture segmentation; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging results of neurons in mouse cerebral cortex before and after correction

Fig. 7. Working principle and imaging results of multi-aperture indirect wavefront detection technology^[33]. (a) Schematics of multi-aperture wavefront detection principle; (b) imaging results of neurons in in vivo mouse cerebral cortex

Fig. 8. Indirect wavefront detection three-photon microscopic imaging system based on mode method and its imaging results^[35]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) three-photon microscopic imaging results of hippocampus neurons of in vivo mouse brain

Fig. 9. Large-field two-photon microscopic imaging system and its imaging results^[36]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging results of mouse brain sections before and after correction

Fig. 10. Two-photon microscopic imaging system based on direct wavefront detection and its imaging results^[38]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging results of Drosophila embryo before and after correction

Fig. 11. Two-photon microscopic imaging system with direct wavefront detection based on SHWS and SLM and its imaging results^[40]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging results of neurons in mouse cerebral cortex before and after correction

Fig. 12. Two-photon microscopic imaging system with direct wavefront detection based on SHWS and DM and its imaging results^[41]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging maps of dendritic spines in mouse cerebral cortex after systematic and global correction; (c) corrected two-photon microscopic imaging maps of neurons in mouse cerebral cortex

Fig. 13. Two-photon microscopic imaging system based on numerical aperture optimization algorithm and direct wavefront detection and its imaging results^[43]. (a) Schematics of numerical aperture optimization; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging maps of neurons below meninges of in vivo mice before and after correction

Fig. 14. Two-photon microscopic imaging system based on F-SHARP and its imaging results^[44]. (a) Schematic of optical path and F-SHARP operating principle; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging maps of neurons in mouse cerebral cortex before and after correction

Fig. 15. F-SHARP three-photon microscopic imaging system based on conjugate AO and lock-in amplifier and its imaging results^[47]. (a) Schematic of optical path; (b) two-photon microscopic imaging maps of in vivo mouse cerebral cortex after systematic and global correction