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Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 16, 1602203(2024)

Simulation and Experimental Study of Effects of In-Situ Remelting on Morphology Modification and Microstructure Evolution of Laser Cladding Layer on Inclined Substrates

Jingbin Hao1,2, Hongren Liu1、*, Shu Yang1, Yiyang Liu1, Hao Liu1, and Haifeng Yang1
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu , China
  • 2Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Mining Equipment, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu , China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (16)
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    References (24)
    Cited By (1)
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    Figures & Tables(16)
    Cladding system and inclined cladding. (a) Laser cladding system with six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm; (b) inclined cladding

    Fig. 1. Cladding system and inclined cladding. (a) Laser cladding system with six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm; (b) inclined cladding

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    Grid division

    Fig. 2. Grid division

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    Boundary conditions of cladding layer in inclined state (G:gravity)

    Fig. 3. Boundary conditions of cladding layer in inclined state (G:gravity)

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    Cladding layer morphologies at different tilting angles. (a1)(a2) 30°; (b1)(b2) 50°; (c1)(c2) 70°; (d1)(d2) 90°; (e1)(e2) 120°; (f1)(f2) 150°

    Fig. 4. Cladding layer morphologies at different tilting angles. (a1)(a2) 30°; (b1)(b2) 50°; (c1)(c2) 70°; (d1)(d2) 90°; (e1)(e2) 120°; (f1)(f2) 150°

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    Distributions of velocity field and temperature field for remelting at different locations. (a) Remelting at the lower part of the overlap zone; (b) remelting at the upper part of the overlap zone; (c) remelting at the middle of the overlap zone

    Fig. 5. Distributions of velocity field and temperature field for remelting at different locations. (a) Remelting at the lower part of the overlap zone; (b) remelting at the upper part of the overlap zone; (c) remelting at the middle of the overlap zone

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    Comparison of surface profiles of cladding layers after remelting at different positions

    Fig. 6. Comparison of surface profiles of cladding layers after remelting at different positions

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    Numerical simulation of macroscopic morphology of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting. (a1)(a2) Morphology before in-situ remelting; (b1)(b2) morphology after in-situ remelting

    Fig. 7. Numerical simulation of macroscopic morphology of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting. (a1)(a2) Morphology before in-situ remelting; (b1)(b2) morphology after in-situ remelting

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    Macroscopic morphology of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting. (a) Before in-situ remelting; (b) after in-situ remelting

    Fig. 8. Macroscopic morphology of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting. (a) Before in-situ remelting; (b) after in-situ remelting

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    Microstructures of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting. (a)‒(d) Before in-situ remelting; (e)‒(h) after in-situ remelting

    Fig. 9. Microstructures of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting. (a)‒(d) Before in-situ remelting; (e)‒(h) after in-situ remelting

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    Surface roughness of cladding layer before and after remelting

    Fig. 10. Surface roughness of cladding layer before and after remelting

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    Microhardness before and after remelting

    Fig. 11. Microhardness before and after remelting

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    Three-dimensional wear morphologies before and after in-situ remelting. (a) Before in-situ remelting; (b) after in-situ remelting

    Fig. 12. Three-dimensional wear morphologies before and after in-situ remelting. (a) Before in-situ remelting; (b) after in-situ remelting

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    Wear rate of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting

    Fig. 13. Wear rate of cladding layer before and after in-situ remelting

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    • Table 1. Main chemical composition of 45 steel

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      Table 1. Main chemical composition of 45 steel

      ElementMass fraction /%
      C0.5
      Si0.25
      Ni0.3
      Mn0.6
      FeBal.

    • Table 2. Main chemical composition of 316L stainless steel powder

      View table

      Table 2. Main chemical composition of 316L stainless steel powder

      ElementMass fraction /%
      Cr16‒18
      Ni10‒14
      Mo2‒3
      Mn2
      Si1
      FeBal.

    • Table 3. Physical variables used in the model

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      Table 3. Physical variables used in the model

      ParameterValueUnit
      Liquidus density ρ7600kg·m-3
      Solidus temperature Ts1670K
      Liquidus temperature Tl1730K

      Standard heat of

      adsorption ΔH0

      		-1.88×108J·kg·mol-1
      Dynamic viscosity μ0.005Pa·s
      Thermal conductivity k24W·m-1·K-1
      Specific heat Cp700J·kg-1·K-1
      Latent heat of fusion L2.47×105J·kg-1

      Convection heat transfer

      coefficient β

      		40W·m-2·K-1

      Stefan-Boltzmann

      constant σ

      		5.67×108W·m-2·K-4
      Radiation emissivity ε0.4
      Universal gas constant R8314.3J·kg-1·mol-1
      Laser efficiency η60%
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    Jingbin Hao, Hongren Liu, Shu Yang, Yiyang Liu, Hao Liu, Haifeng Yang. Simulation and Experimental Study of Effects of In-Situ Remelting on Morphology Modification and Microstructure Evolution of Laser Cladding Layer on Inclined Substrates[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(16): 1602203

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    Paper Information

    Category: Laser Surface Machining

    Received: Sep. 1, 2023

    Accepted: Nov. 13, 2023

    Published Online: Mar. 22, 2024

    The Author Email: Liu Hongren (liuhongren@cumt.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/CJL231161

    CSTR:32183.14.CJL231161

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology