Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, Volume. 44, Issue 3, 413(2025)

Waveform frequency domain matching-based positioning method for satellite-borne LIDAR footprints

Si-Han ZHOU1, Pu-Fan ZHAO2, Qi-Jin HAN3, Chao LUAN4, Jian YANG1, Heng WANG1, Yue MA1, Hui ZHOU1, and Song LI1,5、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
  • 2GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
  • 3China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 100094, China
  • 4Beijing Institute of Control and Electronic Technology, Beijing 100045, China
  • 5Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430010, China
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    Figures & Tables(15)
    Experimental area
    Flowchart of multi-footprint joint solution based on frequency-domain waveform matching
    The area of footprint 142: (a) DEM; (b) correlation coefficient contours
    Frequency-domain analysis of simulated and GF-7 waveforms at minimum value: (a) amplitude difference; (b) spectrum difference modulus
    Frequency-domain analysis of selected simulated and GF-7 waveforms: (a) amplitude difference; (b) spectrum difference modulus
    The area of footprint 408: (a) DSM; (b) correlation coefficient contours
    Frequency-domain analysis of simulated and GF-7 waveforms at minimum value: (a) amplitude difference; (b) spectrum difference modulus
    Results of multi-footprint spectrum difference modulus matrix overlay: (a)footprint 54-302; (b)footprint 306-350; (c)footprint 351~409; (d)footprint 136~323; (e)footprint 325~385; (f)footprint 54~350; (g)footprint 136-385; (h)footprint 306-409; (i)footprint 54~409
    Results of multi-footprint PCC matrix overlay: (a)footprint 54~302; (b)footprint 306~350; (c)footprint 351~409; (d)footprint 136~323; (e)footprint 325~385; (f)footprint 54~350; (g)footprint 136~385; (h)footprint 306~409; (i)footprint 54~409
    • Table 1. Basic parameters of GF-7 satellite laser altimeter

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      Table 1. Basic parameters of GF-7 satellite laser altimeter

      ParameterValue
      Orbital altitude/km505.984
      Wavelength/nm1 064
      Pulse width of the emitted waveform/ns4~8
      Laser beam divergence angle/μrad30~35
      Telescope aperture diameter/mm600
      Sampling frequency/Hz2 G
      Spatial distribution of laser emissionDesigned based on the Gaussian fundamental mode
      Laser emission and reception waveformMeasured
    • Table 2. Footprints groupings

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      Table 2. Footprints groupings

      GroupThe range of footprint indicesNorthern latitude rangeWestern longitude range
      A54~30243.115 62°~48.276 681°108.277 06°~109.962 04°
      B306~35042.114 70°N~43.032 27°109.987 58°~110.263 12°
      C351~40940.090 00°N~42.093 85°110.269 30°~110.849 13°
    • Table 3. Footprint cross-grouping

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      Table 3. Footprint cross-grouping

      Group categoryThe range of footprint indicesRegion(quantity)
      Group 154~302A(30)
      Group 2306~350B(30)
      Group 3351~409C(30)
      Group 4136~323A(15)+B(15)
      Group 5325~385B(15)+C(15)
      Group 654~350A(30)+B(30)
      Group 7136~385A(15)+B(30)+C(15)
      Group 8306~409B(30)+C(30)
      Group 954~409A(30)+B(30)+C(30)
    • Table 4. Analysis of multi-footprint spectrum difference modulus overlay results

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      Table 4. Analysis of multi-footprint spectrum difference modulus overlay results

      FigureCoordinates of the minimum value/mPlanar offset distance/mPlanar northward angle/°Equivalent laser pointing deviation angle/″
      Fig. 8(a)(20.9876, 10.0419)23.2764.439.49
      Fig. 8(b)(20.9620, 9.0074)22.8266.759.30
      Fig. 8(c)(19.0345, 13.0122)23.0655.649.40
      Fig. 8(d)(19, 8.0072)20.6267.158.41
      Fig. 8(e)(22.0186, 11.0279)24.6363.410.04
      Fig. 8(f)(20.9713, 9.0344)22.8366.699.31
      Fig. 8(g)(20.9774, 10.0097)23.2464.499.47
      Fig. 8(h)(19.0471, 10.9832)21.9960.038.96
      Fig. 8(i)(20.0053, 10.9890)22.8261.229.30
      Mean value(20.558, 10.457)22.81163.319.30
      Standard deviation(1.014, 1.490)1.0113.570.41
    • Table 5. Analysis of multi-footprint PCC overlay results

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      Table 5. Analysis of multi-footprint PCC overlay results

      FigureCoordinates of the minimum value/mPlanar offset distance/mPlanar northward angle/°Equivalent laser pointing deviation angle/″
      Fig. 9(a)(19.0090, 8.9756)21.0264.728.57
      Fig. 9(b)(20.0136, 9.0153)21.9565.758.95
      Fig. 9(c)(16.0451, 11.0308)19.4755.497.94
      Fig. 9(d)(17.0147, 6.9864,)18.3967.687.50
      Fig. 9(e)(21.0109, 11.0185,)23.7262.339.67
      Fig. 9(f)(19.9941, 8.9979,)21.9365.778.94
      Fig. 9(g)(19.9888, 9.9871)22.3463.459.10
      Fig. 9(h)(18.0147, 10.9913)21.1058.618.90
      Fig. 9(i)(18.0218, 10.0088)20.6460.958.41
      Mean value(18.79, 9.668)21.17262.758.66
      Standard deviation(1.536, 1.256)1.4913.650.61
    • Table 6. Stability analysis of matching methods

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      Table 6. Stability analysis of matching methods

      Result parameterFrequency-domain matchingPCC
      Mean planar offset distance/m22.81121.172
      Standard deviation of planar displacement distance/m1.0111.491
      Mean planar northward angle/°63.3162.75
      Standard deviation of planar northward angle/°3.573.65
      Mean equivalent laser pointing deviation angle/″9.308.66
      Standard deviation of equivalent laser pointing deviation angle/″0.410.61
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    Si-Han ZHOU, Pu-Fan ZHAO, Qi-Jin HAN, Chao LUAN, Jian YANG, Heng WANG, Yue MA, Hui ZHOU, Song LI. Waveform frequency domain matching-based positioning method for satellite-borne LIDAR footprints[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2025, 44(3): 413

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    Paper Information

    Category: Infrared Optoelectronic System and Application Technology

    Received: Sep. 3, 2024

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Jul. 9, 2025

    The Author Email: Song LI (ls@whu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2025.03.011

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