Journal of Synthetic Crystals, Volume. 54, Issue 7, 1146(2025)

Research Progress on Defects in CsPbBr3 Crystals for Radiation Detectors

Ning LI1, Xinlei ZHANG2, Bao XIAO3、*, and Binbin ZHANG1、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies & Nanhu Laser Laboratory,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China
  • 2School of Physics and Information Technology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China
  • 3State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicineand Protection,School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X),Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China
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    Figures & Tables(13)
    Advancements process in halide perovskite materials for high-energy radiation detection[13,16-19,21-24]
    Intrinsic point defect energy levels calculated by HSE+SOC[69]
    Point defects in CsPbBr3 charactered using thermally stimulated current (TSC) technology[46,70]. (a) Melt method; (b) solution method
    Comparison of impurity content in CsPbBr3 crystal grown after purification of raw materials[46,70]. (a) Purified using a solution recrystallization method; (b) purified by zone refining
    Calculated energy profile diagram of the ionic migration path and their migration paths for Cs⁺ and Br⁻[72]
    Two twin structures in CsPbBr3 crystals[74]. (a) Schematic diagrams of the (121) reflection twin, illustrating the unit cell correspondence and interface matching relationship; (b) schematic diagrams of the 90° rotation twin along the [101] direction, illustrating the unit cell correspondence and interface matching relationship
    Schematic illustration of crystal structures during the structural phase transition in CsPbBr3
    (a) In situ optical microscopy images of CsPbBr3 single-crystal thin film before and after phase transition; (b), (c) external quantum efficiency, and specific detectivity performance[76]
    Inclusion phases in melt-grown CsPbBr3 crystals[52]. SEM images taken on the solid-liquid interface of QC-1 (a), QC-2 (b), and QC-3 (c), showing the interfaces were gradually flattened, and high magnification SEM images taken on the polycrystalline regions of QC-1 (d), QC-2 (e), and QC-3 (f), respectively, the red lines outline the secondary phases[52]
    Inclusion phases in solution-grown CsPbBr3 crystals[78]. (a)~(c) Typical SEM images of well-defined SP defects with regular polyhedral morphologies; (d)~(f) ideal crystal model of SP defects bounded by low index matrix facets (100) and (110) based on the observed actual morphology; (g) morphological evolution schematic of the SP defects
    (a), (b) SP particles distribution and size histogram in etched CPB-1; (c), (d) SP particles in etched CPB-2, (e) I-t curves for CPB-1 and CPB-2 at 1 V; (f) schematic diagram of carrier transport in CsPbBr3 matrix and SP particles under 241Am @5.48 MeV α particles irradiation; (g), (h) carrier mobility by linear fitting for CPB-1 and CPB-2; (i) α particles induced pulse shapes and the rise time (tr) under the same electric field strength (200 V·cm-1) for CPB-1 and CPB-2[77]
    • Table 1. CsPbBr3 crystal X-ray detector devices and their response

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      Table 1. CsPbBr3 crystal X-ray detector devices and their response

      SampleBias/VE/(V·mm-1kVp/keVSensitivity/(µC·Gy-1·cm-2LOD/(nGy-1·s-1YearReference
      Film53055 684215201925
      Film110351 70053201926
      Film1 200701 450500202027
      Film1 000509 085103.6202228
      Film720823.1214.61202329
      Film1205046 961321202430
      Crystal840770202031
      Crystal4020801 256202032
      Crystal55404 086700202133
      Crystal50406 021.991 890202134
      Crystal280508 8000.02202235
      Crystal40026712034 44952.6202336
      Crystal1 00043510 28322202337
      Crystal100709 047104202338
      Crystal530 338202339
      Crystal50012046 18010.81202440
      Crystal180509 6341.84202441
    • Table 2. CsPbBr3 crystal γ-ray detector devices and their response

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      Table 2. CsPbBr3 crystal γ-ray detector devices and their response

      Detector241Am α241Am γ57Co γ137Cs γYearReference
      Bias/VE/(V·cm-1ER/%Bias/VE/(V·cm-1ER/%Bias/VE/(V·cm-1ER/%Bias/VE/(V·cm-1ER/%
      Planar1501 1679.601501 1673.909007 0873.80201816
      Planar9015.001001 1674.60201917
      Planar7002 8005.50202014
      Planar3501 52211202042
      Planar5001 97628.305001 97613.105001 9765.50202015
      Planar5003 7595.505003 7593.205001.40202118
      Quasi-hemispherical1 6001.80202118
      Pixel5001.40202118
      Planar2402 40011.103001 00027.105001 66712.20202243
      Planar4002 0004.90202235
      Planar35018.0035012.00202244
      Planar3502202245
      Planar1007.6660013.50202246
      Planar7008 7505.70202247
      Quasi-hemispherical2001 25011.762001 25011.47202248
      Planar2004.40202349
      Planar30011.403006.10202350
      Planar8004 7067.50202351
      Quasi-hemispherical1009.91202352
      Pixel7002 8927.31202353
      Planar40012.85202454
      Planar6007.20202455
      Planar2003.70202456
      Planar3202 66716.0012.5013.30202457
      Planar8003 6363.90202458
      Planar901.10202459
      Planar5004.80202460
      Planar5008.905008.005002.30202561
      Quasi-hemispherical5008.405006.205002.20202561
      VFG3 4003 3331.50202562
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    Ning LI, Xinlei ZHANG, Bao XIAO, Binbin ZHANG. Research Progress on Defects in CsPbBr3 Crystals for Radiation Detectors[J]. Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 2025, 54(7): 1146

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    Paper Information

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    Received: Mar. 21, 2025

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Aug. 28, 2025

    The Author Email: Bao XIAO (fsnhxiaobao@163.com), Binbin ZHANG (zbb@nwpu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.16553/j.cnki.issn1000-985x.2025.0056

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