Fig. 1. Illustration of experimental apparatus

Fig. 2. Schematic of macroscopic cross section

Fig. 3. Cross-sectional morphologies of cladding layer. (a) S1; (b) S2; (c) S3; (d) S4; (e) S5

Fig. 4. XRD patterns of cladding layers of different samples

Fig. 5. Microstructures of circular regions in cladding layers of different samples. (a) S1; (b) S3

Fig. 6. EDS elemental maps of S3 circular region

Fig. 7. Microstructures of upper parts of cladding layers of different samples. (a) S1; (b) S2; (c) S3; (d) S4; (e) S5

Fig. 8. Microhardness curves of cladding layers of composite coatings

Fig. 9. Wear resistance performances of cladding layer. (a) Friction coefficient; (b) wear volume

Fig. 10. SEM images of worn surfaces in cladding layers of different samples. (a) S1; (b) S3; (c) S5