Chinese Optics Letters, Volume. 21, Issue 2, 020601(2023)
50 m/187.5 Mbit/s real-time underwater wireless optical communication based on optical superimposition
Figures & Tables(9)
Fig. 1. Process of PAM-4 modulation and demodulation based on FPGA.
Fig. 2. Experimental setup diagram of the proposed UWOC system based on the FPGA and a fiber combiner. Inserts: (a) the FPGA, (b) the transmitter cabin, (c) the receiver cabin, and (d) the transmitter cabin in a 50 m swimming pool.
Fig. 3. (a) P-I and V-I curves of the LD; (b) normalized frequency responses of the system.
Fig. 5. Relationships between attenuation of VEA and real-time BER under different bias currents in (a) the electrical PAM-4 scheme and (b) the optical PAM-4 scheme.
Fig. 6. BERs of the real-time processing and offline processing at different data rates.
Fig. 7. EVM at different data rates in the optical and electrical PAM-4 UWOC system. Inserts: (a) electrical PAM-4 scheme at 187.5 Mbit/s, (b) optical PAM-4 scheme at 187.5 Mbit/s.
Fig. 8. Ratio of the amplitude difference at different data rates in the optical and electrical PAM-4 UWOC system.
Table 1. The Progress of UWOC Systems
View tableView in ArticleTable 1. The Progress of UWOC Systems
Light Source/Detector a Underwater Distance (m) Attenuation Coefficient Attenuation Length b Data Rate Modulation Scheme c Hardware d Reference LD/PIN 35 (tap water) / / 12.62 Gbit/s PCS-QAM-DMT AWG/OSC 2019[ 12 ]LD/APD 60 (tap water) / / 2.5 Gbit/s OOK AWG/OSC 2019[ 5 ]LD/APD 56 (tap water) 0.0876 m−1 4.9056 3.31 Gbit/s QAM AWG/OSC 2020[ 13 ]LD/MPPC 100 (pool water) 0.24 m−1 24 8.4 Mbit/s OOK AWG/OSC 2020[ 6 ]LD/PMT 100 (pool water) 0.0585 m−1 5.85 200 Mbit/s OOK AWG/OSC 2021[ 7 ]LD/PMT 150 (pool water) 0.053 m−1 8.775 500 Mbit/s PAM AWG/OSC 2021[ 8 ]LD/PMT 200 (pool water) 0.0325 m−1 6.5 500 Mbit/s PAM AWG/OSC 2021[ 9 ]LD/PMT 100.6 (tap water) 0.0658 m−1 6.6195 3 Gbit/s OOK AWG/OSC 2022[ 10 ]LD/PMT 5 (turbid water) / / 10 Mbit/s PPM FPGA 2016[ 14 ]LD/PIN 3 (artificial seawater) 0.481 m−1 1.443 50 Mbit/s QAM FPGA 2019[ 15 ]LED/PIN 1.2 (tap water) / / 2.34 Gbit/s DMT FPGA 2020[ 16 ]LED/APD 10 (tap water) 0.056 m−1 0.56 1 Mbit/s FSK FPGA 2020[ 17 ]LD/APD 3.6 (tap water) / / 2.2 Gbit/s OFDM FPGA 2020[ 18 ]LD/SPAD 2 (tap water) / / 6.21 Mbit/s PPM FPGA 2021[ 11 ]LD/PMT 50 (pool water) 0.1307 m−1 6.535 187.5 Mbit/s PAM FPGA This work
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Yongxin Cheng, Xingqi Yang, Yufan Zhang, Chao Zhang, Hao Zhang, Zhijian Tong, Yizhan Dai, Weichao Lü, Xin Li, Haiwu Zou, Zejun Zhang, Jing Xu, "50 m/187.5 Mbit/s real-time underwater wireless optical communication based on optical superimposition," Chin. Opt. Lett. 21, 020601 (2023)
Paper Information
Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Received: May. 27, 2022
Accepted: Aug. 30, 2022
Published Online: Oct. 12, 2022
The Author Email: Jing Xu (jxu-optics@zju.edu.cn)
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