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Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 50, Issue 8, 0802302(2023)

Thermal Behaviors of Initial and Steady State Deposition Processes of Ti/Al Heterogeneous Materials Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing on Curved Surface

Haojie Yu1,2, Donghua Dai1,2, Xinyu Shi1,2, Yanze Li1,2, Keyu Shi1,2, and Dongdong Gu1,2、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
  • 2Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Laser Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Metallic Components, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China
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    AbstractGet PDF(in Chinese)
    Figures&Tables (17)
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    References (23)
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    Figures & Tables(17)
    Experimental process. (a) LDED processing diagram of cylinder outer wall; (b) laser deposition experimental equipment with coaxial powder feeding

    Fig. 1. Experimental process. (a) LDED processing diagram of cylinder outer wall; (b) laser deposition experimental equipment with coaxial powder feeding

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    Finite element simulation settings. (a) Physical model and boundary conditions of LDED on outer wall of cylinder; (b) grid division of model; (c) schematic of laser light source moving path

    Fig. 2. Finite element simulation settings. (a) Physical model and boundary conditions of LDED on outer wall of cylinder; (b) grid division of model; (c) schematic of laser light source moving path

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    Physical parameters. (a)(d) Density; (b)(e) thermal conductivity; (c)(f) specific heat

    Fig. 3. Physical parameters. (a)(d) Density; (b)(e) thermal conductivity; (c)(f) specific heat

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    Temperature curves of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layer under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) Maximum temperature;(b) average temperature of molten pool

    Fig. 4. Temperature curves of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layer under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) Maximum temperature;(b) average temperature of molten pool

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    Cloud diagrams of temperature fields of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layer under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) 1400 W;(b) 1700 W; (c) 2000 W; (d) 2300 W

    Fig. 5. Cloud diagrams of temperature fields of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layer under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) 1400 W;(b) 1700 W; (c) 2000 W; (d) 2300 W

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    Molten pool size curves of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layer under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) Molten pool morphology; (b) width of molten pool; (c) depth of molten pool; (d) length of molten pool; (e) volume of molten pool

    Fig. 6. Molten pool size curves of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layer under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) Molten pool morphology; (b) width of molten pool; (c) depth of molten pool; (d) length of molten pool; (e) volume of molten pool

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    Temperature curves and molten pool size curves of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layers at different v when P=2000 W. (a) Maximum temperature; (b) average temperature in molten pool; (c) molten pool width; (d) molten pool depth; (e) molten pool length; (f) molten pool volume

    Fig. 7. Temperature curves and molten pool size curves of Al-Ti heterogeneous material layers at different v when P=2000 W. (a) Maximum temperature; (b) average temperature in molten pool; (c) molten pool width; (d) molten pool depth; (e) molten pool length; (f) molten pool volume

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    Temperature curves of stably deposited Ti layers under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) Maximum temperature; (b) average temperature in molten pool

    Fig. 8. Temperature curves of stably deposited Ti layers under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) Maximum temperature; (b) average temperature in molten pool

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    Ranges of molten pools under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) 1400 W; (b) 1700 W; (c) 2000 W; (d) 2300 W

    Fig. 9. Ranges of molten pools under different P when v=0.32 rad/s. (a) 1400 W; (b) 1700 W; (c) 2000 W; (d) 2300 W

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    Solidification parameter curves at bottom of molten pool at different v when P=2000 W. (a) Cloud diagram of molten pool morphology of stably deposited Ti layer at 1700 ms; (b) temperature gradient; (c) cooling rate; (d) solidification rate; (e) G/R

    Fig. 10. Solidification parameter curves at bottom of molten pool at different v when P=2000 W. (a) Cloud diagram of molten pool morphology of stably deposited Ti layer at 1700 ms; (b) temperature gradient; (c) cooling rate; (d) solidification rate; (e) G/R

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    Effects of G and R on morphology and size of solidified grains[23]

    Fig. 11. Effects of G and R on morphology and size of solidified grains[23]

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    Microstructures of samples under different laser powers. (a) Comparison of simulation result and experimental result; (b) 1400 W; (c) 2000 W

    Fig. 12. Microstructures of samples under different laser powers. (a) Comparison of simulation result and experimental result; (b) 1400 W; (c) 2000 W

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    • Table 1. Chemical compositions of aluminum alloy

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      Table 1. Chemical compositions of aluminum alloy

      Chemical compositionCuMnMgZnCrTiSiFeAl
      Mass fraction /%0.200.151.000.250.250.150.600.70Bal.

    • Table 2. Chemical compositions of titanium alloy

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      Table 2. Chemical compositions of titanium alloy

      Chemical compositionCONHFeAlVTi
      Mass fraction /%0.200.151.000.250.250.150.60Bal.

    • Table 3. Numerical simulation experiment parameters

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      Table 3. Numerical simulation experiment parameters

      No.Laser power /WScanning speed /（rad/s）Spot diameter /mm
      114000.322
      217000.322
      320000.262
      420000.292
      520000.322
      620000.352
      723000.322

    • Table 4. Laser volume energy densities and width-to-depth ratios of molten pools under different laser powers

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      Table 4. Laser volume energy densities and width-to-depth ratios of molten pools under different laser powers

      Laser power / W1400170020002300
      Laser volume energy density /（W/mm3）4.0964.9745.8516.729
      Width-to-depth ratio of molten pool in heterogeneous material layer2.3441.9321.7931.651
      Width-to-depth ratio of molten pool in initial layer1.8591.5371.4191.313
      Width-to-depth ratio of molten pool in stably deposited layer1.4261.2971.1921.152

    • Table 5. Laser volume energy densities and width-to-depth ratios of molten pools under different laser scanning speeds

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      Table 5. Laser volume energy densities and width-to-depth ratios of molten pools under different laser scanning speeds

      Laser scanning speed /（rad/s）0.260.290.320.35
      Laser volume energy density /（W/mm3）7.2026.4575.8515.350
      Width-to-depth ratio of molten pool in heterogeneous material layer1.7141.8311.8451.867
      Width-to-depth ratio of molten pool in initial layer1.3011.3651.4181.483
      Width-to-depth ratio of molten pool in stably deposited layer1.0991.1671.2161.304
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    Haojie Yu, Donghua Dai, Xinyu Shi, Yanze Li, Keyu Shi, Dongdong Gu. Thermal Behaviors of Initial and Steady State Deposition Processes of Ti/Al Heterogeneous Materials Fabricated by Laser Additive Manufacturing on Curved Surface[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2023, 50(8): 0802302

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    Paper Information

    Category: Laser Additive Manufacturing

    Received: Dec. 14, 2022

    Accepted: Jan. 17, 2023

    Published Online: Mar. 28, 2023

    The Author Email: Gu Dongdong (dongdonggu@nuaa.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/CJL221528

    Topics

    laser devices and laser physics
    Lasers and Laser Optics
    Laser physics
    laser manufacturing
    Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology