Fig. 1. Progress of solid-state mode-locked lasers based on disordered garnet at 2 μm

Fig. 2. Experimental setup of the SESAM mode-locked Tm,Ho∶CNGG crystal laser

Fig. 3. Continuous laser performance of Tm, Ho∶CNGG crystal lasers at different output mirror transmittances. (a) Relationship between output power and absorbed pump power; (b) cavity loss ; (c) tuning curves

Fig. 4. The spectrum and autocorrelation at TOC=1.5%. (a) Spectrum; (b) intensity autocorrelation

Fig. 5. Characteristics of the pulses at TOC=1.5%. (a) Spectrum; (b) intensity autocorrelation; (c) interferometric autocorrelation

Fig. 6. Mode-locked spectrum and autocorrelation at TOC=0.5%. (a) Spectrum; (b) intensity autocorrelation

Fig. 7. The comparison of mode-locked spectra with TOC=1.5% and TOC=0.5%, the blue and orange curves in the figure represent the corresponding transmittance curves

Fig. 8. SHG-FROG characterization of the shortest pulses at TOC=1.5%. (a) Measured FROG trace; (b) retrieved FROG trace; (c) spectrum and phase; (d) pulse profile and temporal phase

Fig. 9. Stability of the Tm,Ho∶CNGG mode-locked laser. (a) Power stability; (b) pulse train; (c) RF spectrum over 150 MHz span; (d) RF spectrum over 1 GHz span