Spatter Suppression Mechanism and Process Optimization of Adjustable Ring-Mode Laser Welding

Jinfang Dong; Fangyi Yang; Di Wu; Xiaoting Li; Da Zeng; Hongxing Huang; Hao Wu; Peng Zhang; Liangyin Jiang; Peilei Zhang

doi:10.3788/CJL231055

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 51, Issue 12, 1202104(2024)

Spatter Suppression Mechanism and Process Optimization of Adjustable Ring-Mode Laser Welding

Jinfang Dong^1,2, Fangyi Yang^1,2, Di Wu^1,2,3、*, Xiaoting Li^4、**, Da Zeng^1,2, Hongxing Huang^1,2, Hao Wu⁵, Peng Zhang⁴, Liangyin Jiang⁶, and Peilei Zhang^1,2

Author Affiliations

¹School of Materials and Science Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

²Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Laser Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Shanghai 201620, China

³School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201620, China

⁴Shenzhen Han s Lithium Battery Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China

⁵Hubei EVE Power Co., Ltd., Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China

⁶Shanghai Branch, IPG (Beijing) Fiber Laser Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201620, China

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Fig. 1. ARM laser welding system and high-speed photography platform

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Fig. 2. Design of experimental parameters and metallographic diagrams of weld appearance

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Fig. 3. Process window contour maps. (a) Weld width; (b) penetration

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Fig. 4. Pit defect caused by laser welding spatter

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Fig. 5. Formation process of spatter defects under high-speed photography

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Fig. 6. Schematic of LDD

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Fig. 7. Schematics of formation process of spatter under OCT observation

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Fig. 8. Keyhole images in pure center Gaussian laser welding process and ARM laser welding process. (a) Point cloud images of keyhole opening shape; (b) keyhole internal point cloud images; (c) keyhole; (d) metallographic images

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Fig. 9. Curves of keyhole depth under different power ratios of inner ring laser to outer ring laser

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Fig. 10. Process window diagram based on standard deviation of keyhole depth fluctuation

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Table 1. Main chemical compositions of aluminum alloy cover plate and shell^[27]
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Table 1. Main chemical compositions of aluminum alloy cover plate and shell^[27]
Material Mass fraction /%
Al Si Fe Cu Mn Zn Mg
Al 3003 >96.7 0.60 0.70 0.13 1.30 0.10 ‒
Al 1060 99.60 0.25 0.35 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.03

Table 2. Experimental process parameters
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Table 2. Experimental process parameters
Core power /W Ring power /W
Defocusing amount /
mm
Weld speed /（mm/s）
Argon
flow /
（L/min）
600 1200 0 150 25
600 1500 0 150 25
600 1800 0 150 25
800 1800 0 150 25
1000 1800 0 150 25
1200 600 0 150 25

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Jinfang Dong, Fangyi Yang, Di Wu, Xiaoting Li, Da Zeng, Hongxing Huang, Hao Wu, Peng Zhang, Liangyin Jiang, Peilei Zhang. Spatter Suppression Mechanism and Process Optimization of Adjustable Ring-Mode Laser Welding[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(12): 1202104

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