Four-Party Semi-Quantum Key Agreement Protocol Based on Four-Particle Cluster States

Table 1. Construct rules
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Table 1. Construct rules
$M_{A_{F}}^{j}$ $M_{B_{F}}^{j}$ $M_{C_{F}}^{j}$ $T_{A}^{j}$ $T_{B}^{j}$ $T_{C}^{j}$
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0 0

Table 2. Comparison between proposed SQKA protocol and other SQKA protocols
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Table 2. Comparison between proposed SQKA protocol and other SQKA protocols
Ref. Number of participants/classical participants Whether a trusted third party is required Qubit efficiency
［18］ N/N Yes $η = 1 / (10 N - 8)$
［21］ N/N-1 No $η = n / [n 2^{N - 1} (3 N - 1) + m N + n N]$
Proposed protocol 4/3 No 1.6%

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Yefeng He, Yibo Pang, Man Di, Yuru Yue, Jixiang Liu, Guoqing Li. Four-Party Semi-Quantum Key Agreement Protocol Based on Four-Particle Cluster States[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2023, 43(20): 2027001

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