Fig. 1. (Color online) Synthesis-friendly analog circuits design flow.

Fig. 2. (Color online) Procedural analog circuits layout design flow.

Fig. 3. (Color online) An example of the Python script and generated layout of BAG2^[16].

Fig. 4. (Color online) Optimization-based layout design flow.

Fig. 5. (Color online) Examples of placement constraints. (a) Symmetry constraint. (b) Common-centroid constraint.

Fig. 6. The overall flow of MAGICAL^[39].

Fig. 7. (Color online) Layout generator with layout performance prediction.

Fig. 8. (Color online) A flow for learning knowledge from manual layouts.

Fig. 9. GeniusRoute framwork. (a) Training phase. (b) Inference phase^[80].

Fig. 10. A flow with in-loop simulation.