Fig. 1. Colored stress pattern of the cladding layer

Fig. 2. Stress components of point A in X, Y and Z directions

Fig. 3. Laser cladding experimental system

Fig. 4. Relationship between powder feeding rate and output mass

Fig. 5. Crack density of 16 sets of single-layer single-pass cladding layers

Fig. 6. Influences of process parameters on crack density. (a) Powder feeding rate; (b) laser power; (c) scanning speed

Fig. 7. Cross-section morphology of the cladding layer

Fig. 8. Influences of process parameters on dilution rate. (a) Laser power; (b) scanning speed; (c) powder feeding rate

Fig. 9. Influences of process parameters on forming coefficient. (a) Laser power; (b) scanning speed; (c) powder feeding rate

Fig. 10. Normal probability plots of response target residual. (a) Crack density; (b) dilution rate; (c) forming coefficient

Fig. 11. Comparison diagrams of predicted and experimental values of response targets. (a) Crack density; （b） dilution rate； （c） forming coefficient

Fig. 12. Diagrams of cladding layer obtained by using optimized parameters and dye inspection. (a) Cladding layer; (b) dye inspection

Fig. 13. Cladding layers formed at different overlap ratios and their dye inspection diagrams

Fig. 14. Microscopic cross-section morphology of cladding layers at different overlap ratios

Fig. 15. Surface dye inspection images of Ni60 alloy coatings^[19]

Fig. 16. Morphology of cladding layer at different preheating temperatures^[18]

Fig. 17. Cross-section microstructures of the cladding layer. (a) Bonding area; (b) central area; (c) top area

Fig. 18. EDS patterns of Ni60 cladding layer. (a) Micro-area microstructure; (b) EDS pattern of zone A; (c) EDS pattern of zone B;

Fig. 19. XRD pattern of Ni60 cladding layer

Fig. 20. Transverse microhardness of the cladding layer

Fig. 21. Longitudinal microhardness of the cladding layer