Fig. 1. Morphology of TC4 alloy powders

Fig. 2. Morphology of cross-section of laser cladding layer

Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction pattern of laser cladding layer

Fig. 4. (a) Morphology of laser cladding layer; (b) partial enlarged drawing

Fig. 5. Ti-Al binary alloy phase diagram

Fig. 6. Phase diagram of Ti-β isomorphous element

Fig. 7. Schematic for formation of Widmanstatten structure during β phase deformation and cooling process

Fig. 8. Microhardness measurement points from surface of laser cladding layer to substrate

Fig. 9. Microhardness curve of laser cladding layer from surface to substrate

Fig. 10. Wear volume of (a) laser cladding layer and (b) substrate

Fig. 11. Analysis results from white-light interferometry profilometer. (a) Wear morphology of cladding layer; (b) wear morphology of substrate

Fig. 12. SEM morphology of wear surface of (a) laser cladding layer and (b) substrate

Fig. 13. (a) SEM high magnification morphology of wear surface of (a) laser cladding layer and (b) substrate