Fig. 1. Finite element model of multichannel laser cladding. (a) Finite element simulation model; (b) meshing; (c) model section

Fig. 2. Thermal physical property curves of 42CrMo steel and Fe3540 powder. (a) Poisson's ratio; (b) specific heat capacity; (c) thermal conductivity; (d) density; (e) coefficient of thermal expansion; (f) elastic modulus

Fig. 3. Temperature distribution during simulation. (a) 0.6 s; (b) 3.2 s; (c) 6.9 s; (d) 11 s

Fig. 4. Temperature curves under different lap ratios

Fig. 5. Calculation path of residual stress

Fig. 6. Residual stress in cladding layer under different lap ratios

Fig. 7. Laser cladding principle

Fig. 8. Microstructure of the joint between cladding layer and substrate. (a) 30% lap ratio; (b) 40% lap ratio; (c) 50% lap ratio; (d) 60% lapratio; (e) 70% lap ratio

Fig. 9. Microhardness distribution curves

Fig. 10. Variation of friction coefficient of cladding layer with test time under different lap ratios

Fig. 11. XRD spectrum of laser cladding coating with different angles and 50% lap ratio