Fig. 1. Typical discotic mesogen cores

Fig. 2. （a） Intramolecular planarization of discotic liquid crystal in twisted conformations^［34］； （b） Fluorescence properties of twisted discotic liquid crystals with different π conjugation lengths^［35］； （c） Molecular structures of the three regioiso-meric TSANs and their luminescent color with UV illumination^［42］.

Fig. 3. （a） Fluorescence performance of two TPE-based discotic liquid crystals （viscous solid） coatings on glass^［52］； （b） Molecular composition of two novel AIE-activated discotic liquid crystals ^［54］.

Fig. 4. （a） Schematic illustration of hydrogen-bonding induced melamine-core supramolecular discotic liquid crystals and related the molecular structures^［61］； （b） Presence of an ion induces a change in the hydrogen-bonding pattern， leading to a transition from a smectic structure to a discotic structure^［63］； （c） Schematic illustration of the design strategy for amphiphilic liquid-crystal π-conjugated donor-acceptor luminescent materials^［64］.

Fig. 5. （a） Emission spectra of two different Pt（Ⅱ） complex discotic liquid crystals when fumed with different organic solvent vapors in different solid states， and their reversible gas color patterns observed under ambient light ^［74］； （b） Temperature-dependent emission images of complexes under mercury lamp illumination and temperature-dependent emission spectra of their films based on fppz^［75］.

Fig. 6. （a） UV-Vis （left） and fluorescence （right） spectra of the TCQ liquid crystal in various polar solvents^［83］； （b） Temperature-dependent luminescence properties of TCS-based columnar liquid crystals^［84］； （c） Evaluation and application of color-tuning process and its fluorescence properties for achieving white light emission from room temperature-emitting discotic liquid crystal materials^［85］.

Fig. 7. （a） Schematic structure and self-assembly of discotic liquid crystals that promote charge carrier transport and recombination in photoluminescent devices^［93］； （b） Schematic representation of the self-organized superstructure of the side-chain discotic liquid crystal polymer^［94］； （c） CIE chromatograms of OLED devices made using two different host materials and their electroluminescence spectra （inset： device photograph showing deep blue emission ）^［95］.