Fig. 1. 0.75Ni60+0.25WC powder micrograph

Fig. 2. HMC-320A cladding equipment and internal structure diagram

Fig. 3. High speed cladding external characterization

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of coating layer height, cladding layer width, and cladding layer depth

Fig. 5. Effect of laser power change on coating range size and dilution rate in A1-A5 experiments. (a) Coating range under different laser powers; (b) dilution rate under different laser powers

Fig. 6. Effect of scanning speed change on coating range size and dilution rate in B1-B5 experiments. (a) Coating range under different scanning speeds; (b) dilution rate under different scanning speeds

Fig. 7. Effect of powder feeding rate change on coating range size and dilution rate in C1-C5 experiments. (a) Coating range under different powder feeding rates; (b) dilution rate under different powder feeding rates

Fig. 8. Optimal single-pass coating microhardness

Fig. 9. Microstructure of optimal coating. (a)(c)(e) Low power micrographs of the upper, middle, and lower layers of cladding coating of A2; (b)(d)(f) high power micrographs of the upper, middle, and lower layers of cladding coating

Fig. 10. XRD pattern of coating under optimal process parameters

Fig. 11. EDS surface scan for optimal process parameters

Fig. 12. Experimental analysis of friction and wear between coating and material. (a) Dynamic change of contact resistance; (b) loss of wear

Fig. 13. Electrochemical analysis of substrate and coating. (a) Open circuit potential; (b) polarization curves; (c) impedance arc diagram; (d) impedance amplitude-frequency diagram

Fig. 14. Equivalent circuit structure of cladding layer and substrate