Fig. 1. Schematic of plasmonic effect at metal-dielectric interface

Fig. 2. Energy distribution in crossed Au nanowires structure under polarized laser excitation^[40-41](up: experimental results; down: simulation results. Wavelength: 532 nm)

Fig. 3. Scaning electrons microscopy images of Ag nanowires after femtosecond laser irradiation^[45].(a) Characterization of Ag nanowires ends after laser irradiation at different polarization directions; (b) characterization of Ag nanowires ends after laser irradiation for different times

Fig. 4. Different Ag nanowires structures after femtosecond laser nanojoining^[45]. (a) “x”-shaped nanowire; (b) “y”-shaped nanowire; (c) nanowires network

Fig. 5. Transmission electron microscopy images of branched Ag nanowire junction after femtosecond laser nanojoining^[45]. (a) Cross sectional TEM image of joined Ag nanowire joint; (b) high resolution TEM image of the interface structure of Ag nanowire joint

Fig. 6. Electric field distribution around Ag-TiO₂ nanowires structure under polarized laser irradiation^[52]. (a) Simulated electric field intensity distribution around crossed Ag and TiO₂ nanowires structure under polarized laser excitation with wavelength of 800 nm; (b) dependence of normalized electric field intensity at the junctions of different crossed nanowires structures with different angles on the incident laser polarization directions

Fig. 7. Femtosecond laser nanojoining of heterogeneous metal-oxide nanowire structures^[52]. (a) Femtosecond laser nanojoined Ag and TiO₂ nanowires structure; (b) morphology of Ag and TiO₂ nanowires junction after shear test; (c) EDX elemental mapping of femtosecond laser nanojoined Ag and TiO₂ nanowires structure; (d) high resolution transmission electron microscopy image at the Ag-TiO₂ nanowires interface

Fig. 8. Femtosecond laser nanojoining of cross-dimensional heterogeneous nanowire structures^[55]. (a) Normalized electric field intensity distribution around TiO₂ nanowire-Au electrodes under polarized laser excitation with wavelength of 800 nm; (b)(c) SEM images of femtosecond laser nanojoined TiO₂ nanowire-Au electrodes structures; (d) AFM image of TiO₂ nanowire-Au electrodes structures shown in Fig.8(c) after strength test by AFM probe

Fig. 9. Femtosecond laser nanojoining of transparent Ag nanowires electrodes^[57]. (a) Transmittance of Ag nanowires electrodes fabricated under different femtosecond laser fluences; (b) transmittance and resistance of Ag nanowires electrodes fabricated by different nanojoining process(laser wavelength: 800 nm)

Fig. 10. Fabrication of transparent Ag nanowires electrodes by femtosecond laser and nanosecond laser nanojoining^[57]. (a) Transmittance and surface roughness of PET substrates after femtosecond laser irradiation at different fluences; (b) transmittance and surface roughness of PET substrates after nanosecond laser irradiation at different fluences; (c) morphology of Ag nanowires structures damaged by femtosecond laser; (d) morphology of Ag nanowires structures damaged by nanosecond laser irradiation

Fig. 11. Femtosecond laser nanojoined TiO₂ nanowire and Au electrodes structures(laser wavelength: 800 nm)^[55]. (a)(c) Morphology and electrical response of nanojoined nanowire structure at low laser fluence; (b)(d) morphology and electrical response of nanojoined nanowire structure at high laser fluence

Fig. 12. Multilevel memory characteristic of femtosecond laser joined TiO₂ nanowire-Au electrodes structure^[55]

Fig. 13. Fabrication of nanowire-based electronic unit with multiple dielectric layers by femtosecond laser nanojoining^[59]. (a) Electrical response of core-shell SiC-SiO₂ nanowire-Au electrodes structures joined by femtosecond laser; (b) SEM image of nanowire-electrodes structure after electrical break-down; (c)(d) magnified images of localized structures of nanowire shown in Fig.13(b)

Fig. 14. Fabrication of single nanowire sensor by femtosecond laser nanojoining^[60]. (a) Resistance of single nanowire sensor measured at different glucose concentrations; (b) current response of single nanowire sensor with increasing glucose concentration

Fig. 15. Optical transportation of branched Ag nanowires structure(laser wavelength: 800 nm)^[18,45]. (a) Simulation results of branched Ag nanowires structures before nanojoining process; (b) simulation results of branched Ag nanowires structures after nanojoining process; (c) dependence of optical transportation at nanowire ends with incident laser polarization directions; (d) dark field images illustrating the optical transportation of branched Ag nanowires structure before and after nanojoining process