Fig. 1. Principle of typical nano-manipulation based on SPM^[20]

Fig. 2. Nano-manipulation for acquiring real-time imaging. (a) Schematic of nano-manipulation with simultaneous visual guidance^[21]; (b) ghost images behind the moving particle provide a visual guidance^[21]; (c) schematic of the parallel imaging/manipulation system^[23]

Fig. 3. Schematic of the “3D” assembly of Au NSs^[28]. (a) Au NSs were printed onto a PMMA nanohole template; (b) three Au NSs were pushed and dropped onto the bottom of the PMMA nanohole to form trimer; (c) remaining Au NS was pushed onto the already assembled trimer

Fig. 4. AFM nano-manipulation of gold nanowires to build electrical circuits^[33]. (a) Distribution of nanowires before manipulation; (b) electrical circuits after manipulation

Fig. 5. Nanorobotic manipulators and its application in testing of nanomaterials^[35]. (a) Nanorobotic manipulators; (b) stretching of nanotubes

Fig. 6. Manipulation system with vision feedback control^[42]. (a) Manipulation system; (b) CNT picked up with AFM cantilever

Fig. 7. CNT/Au contact and electrical performance measurement^[60]. (a) SEM image of connection structure; (b) measured I-V curve of CNT/Au contact

Fig. 8. Trapping and rotation of Ag nanowires by the Bessel-beam^[66]

Fig. 9. Enhancement of near-field optical tweezers manipulation. (a) Two-dimensional nanoscale plasmonic optical lattice^[75]; (b) double-nanohole structures^[77]

Fig. 10. Trapping and manipulation by using the four-core fiber^[80]. (a) Schematic of trapping and manipulation; (b) SEM image of fiber-end