Research progress of mid-infrared ultra-intense and ultrashort laser (<i>Invited</i>)

Junyu Qian; Yujie Peng; Yanyan Li; Wenkai Li; Renyu Feng; Liya Shen; Yuxin Leng

doi:10.3788/IRLA20210456

Infrared and Laser Engineering, Volume. 50, Issue 8, 20210456(2021)

Research progress of mid-infrared ultra-intense and ultrashort laser (Invited)

Junyu Qian^1,2, Yujie Peng^1、*, Yanyan Li¹, Wenkai Li¹, Renyu Feng^1,2, Liya Shen^1,3, and Yuxin Leng^1、*

¹State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

²Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

³School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China

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Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of OPA

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Fig. 2. (a) The final output mid-infrared spectra. The solid lines are measured experimental results, the dash lines correspond the spectra from the numerical simulation; (b) Experimental results centered at 3.86 μm; (c) Signal energy versus wavelength; (d) Idler energy versus wavelength^[31]

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Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of OPCPA

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Fig. 4. (a) Amplified signal pulse energy of the second-stage OPA as a function of pump energy; (b) The spectrum evolution throughout the OPCPA system^[36]

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Fig. 5. Schematic of the 100-TW-level mid-infrared laser system^[39]

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Fig. 6. Schematic of the 4 μm OPCPA system and the HCF-based coherent beam combination system^[49]

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Fig. 7. Development trend of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers as of 2018

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Table 1. Characteristics of OPA, OPCPA, FOPA, and DC-OPA for generating MIR femtosecond laser^[41]

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Table 1. Characteristics of OPA, OPCPA, FOPA, and DC-OPA for generating MIR femtosecond laser^[41]

	OPA	FOPA	DC-OPA	OPCPA
Pump duration	Transform limit	Chirped	Chirped	Transform limit
Pump spectrum	Broad	Broad	Broad	Narrow
Seed duration	Transform limit	Transform limit	Chirped	Chirped
Seed spectrum	Broad	Broad	Broad	Broad
Synchronization	Automatic	Automatic	Automatic	Active stabilization
Energy scaling	Difficult	Possible	Easy	Easy
Output pulses	Signal and idler	Signal	Signal and idler	Signal and idler
Conversion efficiency	30%–40%	14%	30%–40%	10%–30%
Highest output energy	A few millijoules	Dozens of millijoules	Hundred millijoules	Hundred millijoules and above
Few-cycle pulsegeneration?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Preserve CEP stability of seed?	Yes	No	Possible	Possible
Wavelength tunability	Excellent	Not reported	Excellent	Good
Compressor	Not needed	Not needed	Most often but not always needed	Needed

Table 2. Characteristics comparison of several pulse post-compression techniques

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Table 2. Characteristics comparison of several pulse post-compression techniques

	HCF	Gas-filled cell	Filament	Bulk material	Thin plates
System	Complexity	Complexity	Easy	Easy	General
Medium	Gas	Gas	Plasma	Solid	Solid
Spectrum broadening effect	SPM	SPM	SPM and high-order Kerr/plasma	SPM	SPM
Chirp compensation	Needed	Needed	Normal needed or self-compression	Normal needed or self-compression	Normal needed or self-compression
Maximum energy	mJ	mJ	mJ	mJ	mJ
Efficiency	60%	80%	80%	80%	80%
Compressed factor	2-10	2-10	2-10	2-10	2-10
Pulse duration	Single cycle	Single cycle	Single cycle	Single cycle	Single cycle
N₂tunability?	Gas and pressure	Gas and pressure	Gas and pressure	No	No
Nonlinearity increasing?	Pressure and HCF length	Pressure and number of passed	Pressure	Bulk thickness	Plates number
Beam profile	Excellent	General	Excellent	General	General

Table 3. Typical parameters of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers at different wavelengths^{[12, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44, 51-53]}

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Table 3. Typical parameters of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers at different wavelengths^{[12, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44, 51-53]}

Wavelength/μm	1.5	1.8	2.2	3.3	3.9	5	10
OPA or OPCPA	OPCPA	FOPA	OPCPA	DCOPA	OPCPA	OPA	OPA
Crystal	KTA	BBO	BBO	MgO:LiNbO₃	KTA	ZGP	BGS
Energy	26.5 mJ	30 mJ	250 μJ	31 mJ	20 mJ	3.4 mJ	0.81 µJ
Repetition frequency	100 Hz	10 Hz	100 kHz	10 Hz	20 Hz	1 kHz	100 kHz
Pulse width/fs	60	11.6	16.5	70	30	89.4	126
Post-compression	None	None	None	None	Bulk material	None	None

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Junyu Qian, Yujie Peng, Yanyan Li, Wenkai Li, Renyu Feng, Liya Shen, Yuxin Leng. Research progress of mid-infrared ultra-intense and ultrashort laser (Invited)[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2021, 50(8): 20210456

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Paper Information

Category: Special issue—ultrafast and ultraintense mid-infrared laser technology

Received: Jul. 6, 2021

Accepted: --

Published Online: Nov. 2, 2021

The Author Email: Yujie Peng (yjpeng@siom.ac.cn)

DOI:10.3788/IRLA20210456

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Characteristics of OPA, OPCPA, FOPA, and DC-OPA for generating MIR femtosecond laser[41]

Table 1. Characteristics of OPA, OPCPA, FOPA, and DC-OPA for generating MIR femtosecond laser[41]

Table 2. Characteristics comparison of several pulse post-compression techniques

Table 2. Characteristics comparison of several pulse post-compression techniques

Table 3. Typical parameters of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers at different wavelengths[12, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44, 51-53]

Table 3. Typical parameters of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers at different wavelengths[12, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44, 51-53]

Table 1. Characteristics of OPA, OPCPA, FOPA, and DC-OPA for generating MIR femtosecond laser^[41]

Table 1. Characteristics of OPA, OPCPA, FOPA, and DC-OPA for generating MIR femtosecond laser^[41]

Table 3. Typical parameters of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers at different wavelengths^{[12, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44, 51-53]}

Table 3. Typical parameters of mid-infrared ultra-intense ultrashort lasers at different wavelengths^{[12, 32, 35, 37, 42, 44, 51-53]}