X-Ray Security Inspection Image Contraband Detection Algorithm for Enhancing Fine-Grained Feature Extraction

Method	SIXray			OPIXray			PIDray
Method	P	R	mAP	P	R	mAP	P	R	mAP
Faster R-CNN	86.8	73.8	82.8	84.3	77.3	81.9	79.3	70.9	73.3
SSD	78.6	72.3	76.7	76.2	74.5	75.1	75.6	71.2	73.5
DETR	78.5	75.0	77.3	79.1	76.8	78.0	75.6	71.5	73.5
DOAM	78.4	71.2	77.9	80.7	70.9	74.0	77.2	64.7	70.3
POD-Y	90.3	83.5	90.4	91.8	87.7	90.9	81.1	74.1	80.7
YOLOX	89.2	85.7	89.0	88.5	86.3	88.5	83.4	80.1	85.0
YOLOv8n	90.5	87.1	90.2	89.8	86.5	89.5	85.2	81.3	85.7
Ours	92.5	88.0	93.3	90.0	89.0	91.2	87.5	82.0	86.9

Table 2. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the SIXray dataset

View table

Table 2. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the SIXray dataset

Method	mAP	AP
Method	mAP	Gun	Knife	Wrench	Pliers	Scissors
Faster R-CNN	82.8	88.3	78.8	80.1	80.3	86.3
SSD	76.7	88.6	72.1	63.4	76.8	82.7
DETR	77.3	86.6	69.2	65.1	64.3	82.4
DOAM	77.9	81.4	75.9	76.7	79.5	76.0
POD-Y	90.4	92.6	87.9	87.6	92.1	89.6
YOLOX	89.8	96.7	85.9	91.5	86.9	87.9
YOLOv8n	90.2	98.4	86.3	88.2	93.9	84.0
Ours	93.3	98.6	90.2	92.1	93.9	91.5

Table 3. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the OPIXRay dataset

View table

Table 3. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the OPIXRay dataset

Method	mAP	AP
Method	mAP	Straight knife	Folding knife	Scissors	Art knife	Multifunctional knife
Faster R-CNN	81.9	67.1	88.6	89.9	74.8	89.1
SSD	78.7	67.2	87.5	82.3	72.6	83.9
DETR	77.2	66.5	83.1	90.5	64.3	81.7
DOAM	74.0	41.5	81.4	95.1	68.2	83.8
POD-Y	90.9	77.8	94.5	98.2	89.5	94.5
YOLOX	89.9	77.5	91.8	97.9	89.2	92.8
YOLOv8n	90.4	77.8	94.9	96.5	87.5	95.1
Ours	91.3	93.6	90.2	92.1	93.9	86.6

Table 4. Comparison of model parameter quantity and computational complexity

View table

Table 4. Comparison of model parameter quantity and computational complexity

Method	Params /10⁶	FPS /（frame/s）	FLOPs /10⁹	Size /（pixel×pixel）	mAP /%
Method	Params /10⁶	FPS /（frame/s）	FLOPs /10⁹	Size /（pixel×pixel）	SIXray	OPIXray	PIDray
Faster R-CNN	41.1	20	118.8	1333×800	82.8	81.9	73.3
SSD	26.3	45	190.0	300×300	76.7	77.6	73.2
DETR	41.0	16	31.0	1333×800	77.3	74.9	70.5
DOAM	24.3	28	32.8	300×300	77.9	74.0	70.3
POD-Y	47.2	52	108.1	1333×800	90.4	90.9	80.7
YOLOX	54.2	69	155.3	1333×800	89.8	89.9	83.5
YOLOv8n	3.0	97	101.0	640×640	90.2	90.6	80.8
RFA-YOLO	3.6	88	105.1	640×640	92.5	92.5	85.9
Ours	3.2	91	106.3	640×640	93.3	91.3	86.9

Table 5. Ablation experiments of our method on theSIXray dataset

View table

Table 5. Ablation experiments of our method on theSIXray dataset

LSR-SPD	DK-EMA	Detect	SIXray			Params /10⁶
LSR-SPD	DK-EMA	Detect	P /%	R /%	mAP /%	Params /10⁶
			90.5	87.1	90.2	3.0
√			90.8	86.5	92.4	3.5
	√		91.2	85.5	90.5	3.2
		√	90.9	86.7	91.2	3.5
√	√		91.3	86.6	92.8	3.7
	√	√	92.2	86.5	91.5	3.7
√		√	91.6	86.8	93.0	4.0
√	√	√	92.5	88.0	93.3	4.2

Table 6. Ablation experiments of our method on the OPIXRay dataset
View table
Table 6. Ablation experiments of our method on the OPIXRay dataset
LSR-SPD DK-EMA Detect OPIXray
P /% R /% mAP /%
89.8 86.5 89.5
√ 88.9 86.9 90.1
√ 90.1 90.5 89.8
√ 89.3 88.3 90.3
√ √ 88.7 90.8 91.0
√ √ 88.1 90.1 89.7
√ √ 89.2 89.9 90.9
√ √ √ 90.0 89.0 91.2

Table 7. Ablation experiments of our method on thePIDray dataset
View table
Table 7. Ablation experiments of our method on thePIDray dataset
LSR-SPD DK-EMA Detect PIDray
P /% R /% mAP /%
85.2 81.3 85.7
√ 86.3 81.6 86.5
√ 85.3 80.2 85.9
√ 86.1 81.7 85.9
√ √ 87.3 79.8 86.1
√ √ 86.4 81.4 85.8
√ √ 86.7 80.7 86.6
√ √ √ 87.5 82.0 86.9

Tools

Get Citation

Copy Citation Text

Fuquan Qin, Yan Wei. X-Ray Security Inspection Image Contraband Detection Algorithm for Enhancing Fine-Grained Feature Extraction[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(14): 1437004

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)BibTex Plain Text

Set citation alerts for article

Save article for my favorites

Paper Information

Category: Digital Image Processing

Received: Feb. 28, 2025

Accepted: May. 6, 2025

Published Online: Jul. 16, 2025

The Author Email: Yan Wei (weiyancq@163.com)

DOI:10.3788/LOP250731

CSTR:32186.14.LOP250731

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Quantitative comparison of different methods on SIXray, OPIXray, and PIDray datasets

Table 1. Quantitative comparison of different methods on SIXray, OPIXray, and PIDray datasets

Table 2. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the SIXray dataset

Table 2. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the SIXray dataset

Table 3. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the OPIXRay dataset

Table 3. Quantitative comparison of five categories with different methods on the OPIXRay dataset

Table 4. Comparison of model parameter quantity and computational complexity

Table 4. Comparison of model parameter quantity and computational complexity

Table 5. Ablation experiments of our method on theSIXray dataset

Table 5. Ablation experiments of our method on theSIXray dataset

Table 6. Ablation experiments of our method on the OPIXRay dataset

Table 6. Ablation experiments of our method on the OPIXRay dataset

Table 7. Ablation experiments of our method on thePIDray dataset

Table 7. Ablation experiments of our method on thePIDray dataset