Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, Volume. 41, Issue 1, 285(2021)

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined With Discriminant Analysis to Identify Imported Iron Ore Origin and Brand: Application Development

Shu LIU1,1, Bo ZHANG1,1, Hong MIN1,1, Ya-rui AN1,1, Zhi-xiu ZHU1,1, and Chen LI1,1
Author Affiliations
  • 1[in Chinese]
  • 11. Technical Center for Industrial Product and Raw Material Inspection and Testing, Shanghai Customs, Shanghai 200135, China
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    Figures & Tables(9)
    Data processing flow chart
    Bar chart of elemental content in different countries
    Classification error brand and its misjudged brand scatter plot
    • Table 1. The information of iron ore samples

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      Table 1. The information of iron ore samples

      中文名称英文名称国别建模样品数量测试样品数量样品总数
      津布巴混合粉铁矿Jimblebar Blend Fine Ore澳大利亚9312
      巴西铁矿石精粉Brazilian Iron Ore Concentrate巴西9312
      皮尔巴拉混合块Pilbara Blend Lump澳大利亚27936
      纽曼混合块铁矿Newman Blend Lump Ore澳大利亚26834
      国王粉铁矿Kings Fines澳大利亚9312
      皮尔巴拉混合粉Pilbara Blend Fines澳大利亚351247
      澳大利亚球团矿Savage River Iron Ore Pellets澳大利亚9312
      杨迪粉铁矿Yandi Fine Ore澳大利亚19625
      哈杨粉铁矿HIY Fines澳大利亚15621
      纽曼混合粉铁矿Newman Blend Fine Ore澳大利亚14519
      南非铁矿石精粉South Africa Iron Ore Concentrate南非18523
      澳大利亚铁矿石精粉Australian Iron Ore Concentrate澳大利亚18523
      弗特斯克混合粉Fortescue Blend Fines澳大利亚24731
      卡拉加斯铁矿石Carajas Iron Ore巴西13417
      哈萨克斯坦球团矿Kazakhstan Iron Ore Pellet哈萨克斯坦9312
      哈萨克斯坦铁矿粉Kazakhstan Iron Ore Fines哈萨克斯坦9312
      昆巴标准矿粉Kumba Standard Fines南非15419
      超特粉铁矿Super Special Fine澳大利亚9312
      麦克粉铁矿MAC Fine Ore澳大利亚9211
      昆巴标准块Kumba Standard Lump南非13417
      印度球团矿Indian Iron Ore Pellet印度9312
    • Table 2. Measurement results without standard analysis method

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      Table 2. Measurement results without standard analysis method

      纽曼混合块铁矿津布巴混合粉铁矿
      平均值
      /%
      相对标准
      偏差/%
      平均值
      /%
      相对标准
      偏差/%
      Fe59.980.6356.300.25
      Si2.321.743.111.22
      Al1.322.433.441.02
      P0.0301.260.0461.25
      S0.0105.590.0173.07
      Mn0.2250.680.1351.28
      Ti0.0301.860.0771.65
      Ca0.0301.560.0219.93
      Mg0.0298.780.0441.08
    • Table 3. Comparison of four missing value processing methods

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      Table 3. Comparison of four missing value processing methods

      建模验证
      准确率/%
      交叉验证
      准确率/%
      测试验证
      准确率/%
      方式1国家判别模型99.4098.10100
      品牌判别模型95.6092.8092.10
      方式2国家判别模型99.1098.40100
      品牌判别模型95.6092.8093.10
      方式3国家判别模型99.4098.40100
      品牌判别模型96.0092.2093.10
      方法4国家判别模型94.7093.5087.10
      品牌判别模型94.4090.7089.10
    • Table 4. Sample residual variance, model residual variance, F value, critical value and degree of freedom of the abnormal sample

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      Table 4. Sample residual variance, model residual variance, F value, critical value and degree of freedom of the abnormal sample

      样品剩余方差模型剩余方差F统计
      F临界
      自由
      皮尔巴拉混合块0.001 823 290.000 197 579.228 67.49932
      纽曼混合块铁矿0.000 655 360.000 074 848.757 07.56230
      纽曼混合粉铁矿0.003 226 240.000 314 7610.249 98.68315
    • Table 5. National discriminant model specific discriminant results

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      Table 5. National discriminant model specific discriminant results

      国家建模样品
      验证/%
      交叉验证测试样品
      验证/%
      澳大利亚99.6099.60100
      巴西95.5095.50100
      南非100100100
      哈萨克斯坦10088.90100
      印度88.9088.90100
      总计99.1098.40100
    • Table 6. Brand discriminant model specific discriminant results

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      Table 6. Brand discriminant model specific discriminant results

      样品名称建模样品
      验证/%
      交叉验证
      /%
      测试样品
      验证/%
      样品简称建模样品
      验证/%
      交叉验证
      /%
      测试样品
      验证/%
      津布巴混合粉铁矿100100100澳大利亚铁矿石精粉10094.40100
      巴西铁矿石精粉77.8066.70100弗特斯克混合粉91.7087.5057.10
      皮尔巴拉混合块96.3096.30100卡拉加斯铁矿石100100100
      纽曼混合块铁矿92.3088.50100哈萨克斯坦球团矿100100100
      国王粉铁矿100100100哈萨克斯坦粉铁矿10088.90100
      皮尔巴拉混合粉10094.30100昆巴标准粉93.3093.30100
      澳大利亚球团矿100100100超特粉铁矿77.8077.8066.70
      杨迪粉铁矿94.7094.7083.30麦克粉铁矿100100100
      哈杨粉铁矿93.3086.70100昆巴标准块100100100
      纽曼混合粉铁矿100100100印度球团矿10077.80100
      南非铁矿石精粉100100100总计96.2093.1095.00
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    Shu LIU, Bo ZHANG, Hong MIN, Ya-rui AN, Zhi-xiu ZHU, Chen LI. X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy Combined With Discriminant Analysis to Identify Imported Iron Ore Origin and Brand: Application Development[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2021, 41(1): 285

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    Paper Information

    Category: Research Articles

    Received: Dec. 3, 2019

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Apr. 8, 2021

    The Author Email:

    DOI:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2021)01-0285-07

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