[1] Stocker T[M]. Climate change 2013: the physical science basis working group i contribution to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change(2014).

[2] Change P C. Global warming of 1.5 C[R](2018).

[3] Shukla P R, Skea J, Slade R et al. Climate change 2022: mitigation of climate change[EB/OL]. https:∥www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/

[4] Maksyutov S, Takagi H, Valsala V K et al. Regional CO2 flux estimates for 2009—2010 based on GOSAT and ground-based CO2 observations[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13, 9351-9373(2013).

[5] Li R, Zhang M G, Chen L F et al. CMAQ simulation of atmospheric CO2 concentration in East Asia: comparison with GOSAT observations and ground measurements[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 160, 176-185(2017).

[6] McKain K, Wofsy S C, Nehrkorn T et al. Assessment of ground-based atmospheric observations for verification of greenhouse gas emissions from an urban region[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109, 8423-8428(2012).

[7] Saeki T, Maksyutov S, Saito M et al. Inverse modeling of CO2 fluxes using GOSAT data and multi-year ground-based observations[J]. Sola, 9, 45-50(2013).

[8] Timofeyev Y M, Berezin I A, Virolainen Y A et al. Spatial-temporal CO2 variations near St. Petersburg based on satellite and ground-based measurements[J]. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 55, 59-64(2019).

[9] Hu K, Feng X Y, Zhang Q et al. Review of satellite remote sensing of carbon dioxide inversion and assimilation[J]. Remote Sensing, 16, 3394(2024).

[10] He C P, Ji M R, Grieneisen M L et al. A review of datasets and methods for deriving spatiotemporal distributions of atmospheric CO2[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 322, 116101(2022).

[11] Buchwitz M, Reuter M, Noël S et al. Can a regional-scale reduction of atmospheric CO2 during the COVID-19 pandemic be detected from space? A case study for East China using satellite XCO2 retrievals[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 14, 2141-2166(2021).

[12] Hu K, Liu Z R, Shao P F et al. A review of satellite-based CO2 data reconstruction studies: methodologies, challenges, and advances[J]. Remote Sensing, 16, 3818(2024).

[13] Chen X, Liu Y, Yang D X et al. A theoretical analysis for improving aerosol-induced CO2 retrieval uncertainties over land based on TanSat nadir observations under clear sky conditions[J]. Remote Sensing, 11, 1061(2019).

[14] Jin C L, Xue Y, Jiang X X et al. A long-term global XCO2 dataset: ensemble of satellite products[J]. Atmospheric Research, 279, 106385(2022).

[15] Pei Z P, Han G, Shi T Q et al. A XCO2 retrieval algorithm coupled spatial correlation for the aerosol and carbon detection lidar[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 309, 119933(2023).

[16] He J C, Wang W, Wang N. Seamless reconstruction and spatiotemporal analysis of satellite-based XCO2 incorporating temporal characteristics: a case study in China during 2015—2020[J]. Advances in Space Research, 74, 3804-3825(2024).

[17] Chevallier F, Broquet G, Pierangelo C et al. Probabilistic global maps of the CO2 column at daily and monthly scales from sparse satellite measurements[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 122, 7614-7629(2017).

[18] Li T W, Wu J G, Wang T X. Generating daily high-resolution and full-coverage XCO2 across China from 2015 to 2020 based on OCO-2 and CAMS data[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 893, 164921(2023).

[19] Stohl A, Forster C, Frank A et al. Technical note: the lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 5, 2461-2474(2005).

[20] Bey I, Jacob D J, Yantosca R M et al. Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology: model description and evaluation[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 106, 23073-23095(2001).

[21] Gurney K R, Law R M, Denning A S et al. TransCom 3 CO2 inversion intercomparison: 1. Annual mean control results and sensitivity to transport and prior flux information[J]. Tellus B, 55, 555-579(2003).

[22] Liu J J, Baskaran L, Bowman K et al. Carbon monitoring system flux net biosphere exchange 2020 (CMS-flux NBE 2020)[J]. Earth System Science Data, 13, 299-330(2021).

[23] Liang A L, Pang R N, Chen C et al. XCO2 fusion algorithm based on multi-source greenhouse gas satellites and CarbonTracker[J]. Atmosphere, 14, 1335(2023).

[24] Zhang L L, Yue T X, Wilson J P et al. A comparison of satellite observations with the XCO2 surface obtained by fusing TCCON measurements and GEOS-Chem model outputs[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 601, 1575-1590(2017).

[25] Fan Z C, Yang H L, Bu L B et al. Research on the method ofreconstructing high spatial and temporal resolutionspaceborne IPDA lidar XCO2 observations based on Kalman smoothing algorithm[J/OL]. Acta Optica Sinica(2025). https:∥www.opticsjournal.net/Articles/HPAbstract?manu_ number=g241804

[26] Liu J J, Fung I, Kalnay E et al. Simultaneous assimilation of AIRS XCO2 and meteorological observations in a carbon climate model with an ensemble Kalman filter[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 117, JD016642(2012).

[27] Kulawik S S, Jones D B A, Nassar R et al. Characterization of Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) CO2 for carbon cycle science[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 5601-5623(2010).

[28] Crisp D, Atlas R M, Breon F M et al. The orbiting carbon observatory (OCO) mission[J]. Advances in Space Research, 34, 700-709(2004).

[29] Crisp D, Pollock H R, Rosenberg R et al. The on-orbit performance of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) instrument and its radiometrically calibrated products[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 10, 59-81(2017).

[30] Kiel M, O’dell C W, Fisher B et al. How bias correction goes wrong: measurement of XCO2 affected by erroneous surface pressure estimates[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 12, 2241-2259(2019).

[31] Zheng J H, Zhang H F, Zhang S. Comparison of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations based on GOSAT, OCO-2 observations and ground-based TCCON data[J]. Remote Sensing, 15, 5172(2023).

[32] Kataoka F, Knuteson R O, Kuze A et al. Calibration, level 1 processing, and radiometric validation for TANSO-FTS TIR on GOSAT[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 57, 3490-3500(2019).

[33] Kuze A, Suto H, Nakajima M et al. Thermal and near infrared sensor for carbon observation Fourier-transform spectrometer on the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite for greenhouse gases monitoring[J]. Applied Optics, 48, 6716-6733(2009).

[34] Yokota T, Yoshida Y, Eguchi N et al. Global concentrations of CO2 and CH4 retrieved from GOSAT: first preliminary results[J]. Sola, 5, 160-163(2009).

[35] Liu Y, Wang J, Yao L et al. The TanSat mission: preliminary global observations[J]. Science Bulletin, 63, 1200-1207(2018).

[36] Yang D, Boesch H, Liu Y et al. Toward high precision XCO2 retrievals from TanSat observations: retrieval improvement and validation against TCCON measurements[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125, e2020JD032794(2020).

[37] Chao L, Li C-L, Long W et al. Preflight spectral calibration of hyperspectral carbon dioxide spectrometer of TanSat[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 25, 2064-2075(2017).

[38] Yang D X, Liu Y, Boesch H et al. A new TanSat XCO2 global product towards climate studies[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 38, 8-11(2021).

[39] Wunch D, Toon G C, Blavier J L et al. The total carbon column observing network[J]. Philosophical Transactions Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, 369, 2087-2112(2011).

[40] Hong X H, Zhang C X, Zhang X S et al. On-orbit evaluation of spectral performance and high-precision retrieval of atmospheric carbon dioxide based on TanSat (invited)[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 44, 1800010(2024).

[41] Lai K J, Bu L B, Wang Q et al. Inversion and validation of atmospheric CO2 column concentration inversion of spaceborne IPDA lidar based on atmospheric environment monitoring satellite[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 44, 1201018(2024).

[42] Miller C E, Crisp D, DeCola P L et al. Precision requirements for space-based data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 112, JD007659(2007).

[43] Laughner J L, Toon G C, Mendonca J et al. The total carbon column observing network’s GGG2020 data version[J]. Earth System Science Data, 16, 2197-2260(2024).

[44] Putman W M, Lin S J. Finite-volume transport on various cubed-sphere grids[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 227, 55-78(2007).

[45] Oda T, Maksyutov S, Andres R J. The open-source data inventory for anthropogenic CO2, version 2016 (ODIAC2016): a global monthly fossil fuel CO2 gridded emissions data product for tracer transport simulations and surface flux inversions[J]. Earth System Science Data, 10, 87-107(2018).

[46] Takahashi T, Sutherland S C, Wanninkhof R et al. Climatological mean and decadal change in surface ocean pCO2, and net sea-air CO2 flux over the global oceans[J]. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 56, 554-577(2009).

[47] Messerschmidt J, Geibel M C, Blumenstock T et al. Calibration of TCCON column-averaged CO2: the first aircraft campaign over European TCCON sites[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 11, 10765-10777(2011).

[48] Baker D F, Law R M, Gurney K R et al. TransCom 3 inversion intercomparison: impact of transport model errors on the interannual variability of regional CO2 fluxes, 1988—2003[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 20, GB002439(2006).

[49] Nassar R, Jones D B A, Suntharalingam P et al. Modeling global atmospheric CO2 with improved emission inventories and CO2 production from the oxidation of other carbon species[J]. Geoscientific Model Development, 3, 689-716(2010).

[50] Andres R J, Marland G, Boden T et al. Carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption and cement manufacture[M]. 1751, 53-62(1991).

[51] Hoesly R M, Smith S J, Feng L Y et al. Historical (1750—2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS)[J]. Geoscientific Model Development, 11, 369-408(2018).

[52] van Wees D, van der Werf G R, Randerson J T et al. Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500 m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)[J]. Geoscientific Model Development, 15, 8411-8437(2022).

[53] Lan X, Tans P, Thoning K W. Trends in globally-averaged CO2 determined from NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory measurements[EB/OL]. https:∥doi.org/10.15138/9N0H-ZH07

[54] Rodgers C D[M]. Inverse methods for atmospheric sounding: theory and practice(2000).

[55] Kalnay E[M]. Atmospheric modeling, data assimilation and predictability(2003).

[56] Evensen G. Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear quasi-geostrophic model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 99, 10143-10162(1994).

[57] Evensen G. The Ensemble Kalman Filter: theoretical formulation and practical implementation[J]. Ocean Dynamics, 53, 343-367(2003).

[58] Hunt B R, Kostelich E J, Szunyogh I. Efficient data assimilation for spatiotemporal chaos: a local ensemble transform Kalman filter[J]. Physica D, 230, 112-126(2007).

[59] Anderson J L. An adaptive covariance inflation error correction algorithm for ensemblefilters[J]. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 59, 210-214(2022).

[60] Long M S, Yantosca R, Nielsen J E et al. Development of a grid-independent GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (v9-02) as an atmospheric chemistry module for Earth system models[J]. Geoscientific Model Development, 8, 595-602(2015).

[61] Jing Y Y, Wang T X, Zhang P et al. Global atmospheric CO2 concentrations simulated by GEOS-chem: comparison with GOSAT, carbon tracker and ground-based measurements[J]. Atmosphere, 9, 175(2018).

[62] Kulawik S, Wunch D, O’dell C et al. Consistent evaluation of ACOS-GOSAT, BESD-SCIAMACHY, CarbonTracker, and MACC through comparisons to TCCON[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 9, 683-709(2016).

[63] Benger N M, Chapman B. Seasonal climate summary for the southern hemisphere (summer 2019‒20): a summer of extremes[J]. Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science, 73, 83-101(2023).

[64] Bousquet O, Barruol G, Cordier E et al. Impact of tropical cyclones on inhabited areas of the SWIO basin at present and future horizons. part 1: overview and observing component of the research project RENOVRISK-CYCLONE[J]. Atmosphere, 12, 544(2021).