Research progress of 2 μm ultrashort pulse all solid state thulium doped oscillator (<i>Invited</i>)

Fig. 2. (a) Autocorrelation trace and optical spectrum (inset) of the mode-locked pulses^[8]; (b) Output power versus absorbed pump power in different operation regimes^[8]

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Fig. 3. experimental setup of KLM laser with combined gain medium^[51]

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Fig. 4. SHG intensity autocorrelation trace after compression with the 0.5% OC^[51]

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Fig. 5. Experimental setup of Tm: CYA oscillator^[9]

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Fig. 6. Output power of Tm: CYA oscillator^[9]

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Fig. 7. Research summary of 2 μm ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillator

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Table 1. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by SESAMs

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Table 1. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by SESAMs

Laser medium	Average power/mW	Pulse width/fs	Ref.
Tm: CYA	1350	49000	[9]
Tm, Ho: CALO	121	46	[10]
Tm: LuAG	98	13600	[11]
Tm: YAP	730	1700	[12]
Tm, Ho: CALYO	27	87	[13]
Tm, Ho: CALGO	376	52	[14]
Tm, Ho: CNGG	36	73	[15]
Tm: LuYO₃	133/51	59/54	[16]
Tm: LuAG	1210	38000	[17]
Tm: YLF	95	31000	[18]
Tm: YAG	150	30000	[19]
Tm: LuAG	232	2700	[20]
Tm: YLF	165	94000	[21]
Tm: CALGO	337	650	[22]
Tm: (Lu, Sc)₂O₃	175/34	230/74	[23]

Table 2. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by CNTs
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Table 2. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by CNTs
Laser medium Average power/mW Pulse width/fs Ref.
Tm: LuYO₃ 63 57 [26]
Tm, Ho: CLNGG 123 98 [28]
Tm: CNNGG 22 84 [29]
Tm, Ho: CNGG 67 76 [30]
Tm: CLNGG 54 78 [31]

Table 3. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by GO
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Table 3. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by GO
Laser medium Average power/mW Pulse width/fs Ref.
Tm: LuAG 1740 923800 [34]
Tm: MgW 39 86 [35]
Tm: YAP 256 35000 [36]
Tm: YAG 158 2800 [37]

Table 4. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with single crystal gain medium

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Table 4. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with single crystal gain medium

Laser medium	Mode-locked device	Average power/ mW	Pulse width/ fs	Ref.
Tm: CYA	SESAM	1350	49000	[9]
Tm, Ho: CALO	SESAM	121	46	[10]
Tm: LuAG	SESAM	98	13600	[11]
Tm: YAP	SESAM	730	1700	[12]
Tm, Ho: CALYO	SESAM	27	87	[13]
Tm, Ho: CALGO	SESAM	376	52	[14]
Tm, Ho: CNGG	SESAM	36	73	[15]
Tm: LuAG	SESAM	1210	38000	[17]
Tm: YLF	SESAM	95	31000	[18]
Tm: YLF	SESAM	165	94000	[21]
Tm: CALGO	SESAM	337	650	[22]
Tm, Ho: CLNGG	SWCNTs	123	98	[28]
Tm: CNNGG	SWCNTs	22	84	[29]
Tm, Ho: CNGG	SWCNTs	67	76	[30]
Tm: CLNGG	SWCNTs	54	78	[31]
Tm: MgW	Graphene	39	86	[35]
Tm: YAP	Graphene	256	35000	[36]
Tm: YAG	MoS₂	200	280000	[40]
Tm: Sc₂O₃	KLM	440	166	[45]
Tm: YLF	KLM	14.4	514	[49]
Tm: MgW	KLM	100	89	[50]

Table 5. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with ceramic gain medium

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Table 5. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with ceramic gain medium

Laser medium	Mode-locked device	Average power/ mW	Pulse width/ fs	Ref.
Tm: LuYO₃	SESAM	133/51	59/54	[16]
Tm: YAG	SESAM	150	30000	[19]
Tm: LuAG	SESAM	232	2700	[20]
Tm: (Lu, Sc)₂O₃	SESAM	175/34	230/74	[23]
Tm: LuYO₃	SWCNTs	63	57	[26]
Tm: YAG	Graphene	158	2800	[37]
Tm: (Lu, Sc)₂O₃	KLM	220	58	[52]

Table 6. Summary of ultra short pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with output power higher than 500 mW

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Table 6. Summary of ultra short pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with output power higher than 500 mW

Gain medium type	Laser medium	Average power/ mW	Pulse width/ fs	Ref.
Single crystal	Tm: CYA	1350	49000	[9]
	Tm: YAP	730	1700	[12]
	Tm: KYW	549	549	[56]
	Tm: LuAG	1210	38000	[17]
Ceramics	Tm: LuAG	1740	923000	[34]
Ceramics	Tm: Lu₂O₃	750	382	[68]

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Weijun Ling, Wenting Wang. Research progress of 2 μm ultrashort pulse all solid state thulium doped oscillator (Invited)[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2021, 50(8): 20210346

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Paper Information

Category: Special issue—ultrafast and ultraintense mid-infrared laser technology

Received: May. 28, 2021

Accepted: --

Published Online: Nov. 2, 2021

The Author Email:

DOI:10.3788/IRLA20210346

Topics

laser devices and laser physics

Lasers and Laser Optics

Laser physics

laser manufacturing

Instrumentation, Measurement and Metrology

Table 1. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by SESAMs

Table 1. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by SESAMs

Table 2. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by CNTs

Table 2. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by CNTs

Table 3. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by GO

Table 3. Summary of all solid state Tm-doped oscillators mode-locked by GO

Table 4. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with single crystal gain medium

Table 4. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with single crystal gain medium

Table 5. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with ceramic gain medium

Table 5. Summary of ultrashort pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with ceramic gain medium

Table 6. Summary of ultra short pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with output power higher than 500 mW

Table 6. Summary of ultra short pulse all solid state Tm-doped oscillators with output power higher than 500 mW