Fig. 1. Schematic of melt bonding of monolithic edge cladding

Fig. 2. Schematic of glass transformation^[31]

Fig. 3. 3D geometric model of melt bonding process

Fig. 4. Stress distributions along major axis of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for different edge-cladding glass expansion coefficients

Fig. 5. Stress distributions along minor axis of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for different edge-cladding glass expansion coefficients

Fig. 6. Cloud map of stress distribution in yz plane of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for edge-cladding glass expansion coefficient of α₂ and x=0

Fig. 7. Cloud map of stress distribution in xz plane of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for edge-cladding glass expansion coefficient of α₂ and y=0

Fig. 8. Cloud map of stress distribution in xy cross-section of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for edge-cladding glass expansion coefficient of α₂ and 20 mm away from surface

Fig. 9. Stress distributions along major axis of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for different edge-cladding glass casting temperatures

Fig. 10. Stress distributions along minor axis of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for different edge-cladding glass casting temperatures

Fig. 11. Schematic of distribution regions of upper and lower surfaces of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass

Fig. 12. Stress distribution on upper surface of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass

Fig. 13. Stress distribution on lower surface of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass

Fig. 14. Cloud map of stress distribution in yz plane of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for edge-cladding glass casting temperature of 1273.2 K and x=0

Fig. 15. Cloud map of stress distribution in xz plane of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for edge-cladding glass casting temperature of 1273.2 K and y=0

Fig. 16. Cloud map of stress distribution in xy cross-section of elliptical Nd-doped phosphate laser glass for edge-cladding glass casting temperature of 1273.2 K and 20 mm away from surface

Fig. 17. Thermal expansion curve of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass when α₁=α

Fig. 18. Birefringence distribution after edge-cladding when α₁=α

Fig. 19. Thermal expansion curves of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass and edge-cladding glass when α₂ >α

Fig. 20. Birefringence distribution after edge-cladding when α₂>α

Fig. 21. Thermal expansion curves of Nd-doped phosphate laser glass and edge-cladding glass when α₃>α₂>α

Fig. 22. Birefringence distribution after edge-cladding when α₃>α₂>α

Fig. 23. Birefringence distribution for casting temperature of 1073.15 K

Fig. 24. Birefringence distribution for casting temperature of 1173.15 K

Fig. 25. Birefringence distribution for casting temperature of 1273.15 K

Fig. 26. Birefringence distribution for casting temperature of 1373.15 K