Based on the near-infrared human face and iris,a fusion algorithm in the matching level was proposed.In the proposed algorithm,face was processed using two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) method based on wavelet transform for feature extraction and using Euclidean distance matching method for comparison.Iris was processed using the block-encoding method based on statistic of local information for feature extraction and using hamming distance matching method for comparison,was fused the match score using support vector machine (SVM) strategy in the matching level,and the fused matching score was used to make decision.The fusion algorithm was applied in a multi-model database,and the experimental results show that the SVM fusion algorithm in matching level combines the advantages of the original biometric and even expresses a higher strength of the total recognition rate,which enhances the robustness of the multi-biometrics recognition system.

A new concept nanometer medicine molecular condensate macro-quantum system and its measurement method are postulated.According to the rationale that the feature of optical quantum can be characterized by photons,in which band-gap energies are more than that of nanometer medicine crystals by using 200nm~400nm and 350nm~850nm laser pumps,home-made optical system and measurement platform,therefore,the method of laser micro-photoluminescence spectrum for accurately measuring photoelectron coupling effect of nano-medicine crystals (optical quantum effect) is established.Experimental results reveal that the relative uncertainty of repeatedly measuring optical emission wavelengths by 14 times is 0% for optical quantum properties of nano-medicine crystals by laser micro-photoluminescence spectrum,which is smaller than the recommended 0.2% reference value of the national institute of Germany standard and technology (PTB),the measurement error of optical emission wavelengths is ［1-0］%,and that the relative uncertainty of repeatedly measuring optical emission intensities by 14 times is 5.1% for optical quantum properties of nano-medicine crystals by laser micro-photoluminescence spectrum,which is larger than the recommended 3% reference value of the National institute of standard and Technology (NIST),the measurement error of optical emission intensities is ［1+2.1］%.It is concluded that an accuracy measurement method of optical emission wavelengths and optical emission intensities by laser micro-photoluminescence spectrum solves two key issues of relative uncertainty and optical metrology traceability for a primary measurement standard,which will meet the wide needs of measuring photoelectron coupling effects or band-gap energies of electron structures for nano-bio-optical crystal macro-quantum state systems.

Terahertz time-domain spectra technology can distinguish minor differences in structure and can be applied to physical testing and analysis.It provides a new experimental method for the identification of the organic chemical products and the study of spectrum more wide.In this paper,the optical property and spectroscopy of methanol,anti-freeze liquid and brake fluid are studied based on the terahertz time-domain spectra in the terahertz range.At room temperature,the time-domain spectra and the absorption spectrum in the 0.2~2.5 THz region of these samples are obtained in the environment full of nitrogen.Methanol,anti-freeze liquid and brake fluid have significant different absorption spectra in this wave band.The absorption peaks of methanol are located at 0.72 THz and 0.35 THz and the main absorption peaks of anti-freeze liquid and brake fluid are located at 0.62 THz.Experiment results show that whether methanol exists in anti-freeze liquid or brake fluid can be detected using THz-TDS terahertz time-domain spectra technology and then its quality can be judged.

The domestic and foreign progress of picometer resolution measurements were reviewed. Typtical methods for measurement with high resolution(picometer resolution) were introduced, and the progress of picometer measurements was presented. The principles and corresponding subdivision techiniques were studied.Then, two novel measurements were proposed and analyzed. The multiple reflection interferometer was analyzed. It has the advantages of higher resoultion and more simplicity deivce than X-ray interferometer, which provide a good future in the fields of spectroscopy and high-precision measurement.

The technique of measuring displacement and deformation based on principle of digital speckle pattern interferometry was studied.Traditional recording plane in speckle pattern interferometry was substituted by charge coupled device camera.The method left out the wet chemical process of developing and fixing.The speckle patterns were obtained in two ways of Fresnel speckle method and image plane speckle method.Two patterns of speckle interference field before and after deformation were recorded by charge coupled device camera and stored in computer; after subtracting and taking the absolute value,the correlative fringe pattern including object′s deformation information was acquired.Processing the pattern with low-pass Gauss filter，the contrast of interference pattern was enhanced.The scanning central row method was proposed.From the one dimension phase distribution of central row,one dimension deformation was obtained and interference fringes interpreter was automatically realized.The experiment shows that this method is simple and available.

A moving object dedection-based image sabilization algorithm was propoed for addressesing the moving object problem of image sabilization.In the algorithm,the estimate global motion paramaters were used to compensate the inter-frame global motion,and the difference image between the motion compensated previous and current frames was obtained.Then,the difference image was divided into a series of forground and background blocks.And the global motion paramaters in the next run were estimated only by tracking the background blocks.Simulation results show that the proposedalgorithm has low computatiomal complexity,and achives quite high interframe transformation fidelity,which is suitable for stabilizing video clips with large moving objects.

According to the principle of light propagation,an automatic measurement system for scattering light survey of meridian and surrounding non-meridian at 808 nm central wavelength was designed and the effect of laser power on light decay rate of tissue were discussed.The diffusion theory of light transporting in biological tissues was used to analyze the experimental results.The results showed that there were statistical differences between meridian and surrounding non-meridian (P<0.05).We also found the differences in optical parameters that the average attenuation factor value of pericardium meridian was lower than spleen meridian.In this article,our study showed laser power had no influence on attenuation of light in biological tissues that proved the attenuation is determined by tissue optical characteristics.

Popular EDA software such as HSPICE do not have the simulation model of OLED or top-emitting OLED,so it is difficult to design the OLED-on-Silicon pixel driving circuits in microdisplay applications.To solve the problem,the simulation model of top-emitting OLED for microdisplay was studied in this paper.Moreover,three types of equivalent circuit model,which are the single-diode model,the double-diode paralleled model and their equivalent circuits are discussed respectively.Meanwhile,the circuit parameters are got after fitting the I-V curve of the top-emitting OLED,finally all the simulated data from the equivalent circuits by HSPICE and the original I-V curve was compared.The results show that the fitted errors obtained from the diode-connected NMOS model are the smallest one,but its simulated errors are the largest one.The fitted errors and the simulated errors from the single-diode model are relatively large,too.But,smallest fitted errors and simulated errors are got using double-diode paralleled model,and the errors are small enough to satisfy the requirements of designing pixel driving circuits.Finally,the double-diode paralleled model is selected as the SPICE model for top-emitting OLED used in microdisplay.

To destroy the degenerate of the two polarization mode,designing the model with elliptical holes is an easier and efficient method.According to this theory,a novel high birefringent totally internal reflection photonic crystal fiber was proposed.By introducing elliptical air holes in the cladding and small holes both in the core area and cladding,a property of high birefringence could be achieved.And then dispersion and effective area of the fundamental modes in such photonic crystal fibers were analyzed in detail.Meanwhile,the influence of external air holes on the dispersion property was also discussed.A full-vector plane wave expansion method with anisotropic perfectly matched layer was used to calculate these properties.The simulation result shows that high birefringence with a magnitude of the order of 10-3,flattened chromatic dispersion from 1 100 nm to 1 800 nm and low effective area (which mean high nonlinearity) are obtained.This work provides theoretical basis for the production and application of optical devices based on such photonic crystal fibers.

Polarization imaging technique is a hot spot in the field of optoelectronic imaging.Due to its great significance in the quality of object detection and recognition,polarization image and multi-spectral image fusion algorithms based on HSI color space were discussed.In each band,four line polarized images were fused to get three images which stood for intensity(I) image,degree of polarization(DoLP) image and angle of polarization(AoP) image,and they were mapped into HSI color space.Then a wavelet transform based method was introduced to reconstruct the wavelet coefficients of H,S,I layer in the three bands respectively.The final fusion result was shown in RGB color space.Experiments indicate that the proposed algorithm integrates spectral information and polarization information effectively and can improve the quality of target detection and recognition.

The effective refractive index of finite one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) was investigated.Firstly,the concept of a complex effective refractive index for the structure of finite periodic PC was introduced.Then the complex transmission coefficient was calculated by using the transfer matrix method.On this basis,analytical expression of the effective refractive index could be derived.Considered by the spatial structure of photonic crystal and the existence of photonic band-gap,the characteristics of photonic band-gap structure,the effective refractive index,optical thickness,physical thickness and the center wavelength were investigated.It is found that amplitude of oscillation for the effective refractive index can be effected by the ratio of refractive index of the basic periodic structure and the physical thickness of the basic periodic structure of PC; Center wavelength has no effect on the effective refractive index.

An optical model of side polished fiber Bragg grating was proposed in this paper. The shift of grating resonance wavelength and the reflectance variation of grating spectrum were calculated with changing the residual cladding thickness and refractive index of the materials overlaid the side polished area. The calculated results and experiment showed that if the reflectance index(RI)of coating materials is closer to the fiber core RI,and the residual cladding thickness is less than 3μm,the obvious variation of grating resonance wavelength and grating spectrum will be caused by the slight changes of coating materials′ RI.

The absorption and attenuation coefficients are the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of water,and also the fundamental parameters for the ocean color remote sensing,which play an important role in ocean color remote sensing algorithm development and information retrieval.The hyperspectral water absorption and attenuation meter (AC-S) is the primary instrument which could in-suit measure the attenuation and absorption coefficients of water,in the world.In this paper,the principle,method and steps of the data processing for the AC-S are described in detail.Using the developed method,the in-situ AC-S dataset of the winter cruise of 2009 in the East China Sea are processed,and the in-situ distributions of the water absorption and attenuation coefficients in the East China Sea are derived.The method developed in this paper,could detect and remove the abnormal data efficiently,and obtain accuracy data of the water absorption and attenuation coefficients,which could provide the high quality data for the algorithm development and validation of the ocean color remote sensing.

The characteristics of the fiber-optical hydrophone systems based on the all optical fiber Mach-Zehnder′s interferometer were tested and analyzed,according to optical fiber hydrophone working principle.The experimental system was built and the performances of fiber-optic hydrophone were tested in different conditions.The result shows that with the increasing of sphere of fish activities and the decreasing of surrounding temperature,the detection sensitivity is linear decline and the least resolution is decreased,which are corresponded with the calculated ones.

An all-fiber unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer was designed and several demodulation methods were discussed.A new quadrature signals acquisition technique and phase compensation method were used to calculate wavelength drift.The wavelength-dependent phase information was extracted by application of digital arctangent function and phase unwrapping to the quadrature signals.The sampling ratio was greatly enhanced therefore high frequency wavelength measurement was possible.An efficient wavelength demodulation was experimentally demonstrated.

Based on TEOS system and sol-gel process,using solvent alcohol together with catalysts,the microstructure of SiO2 particles in the sol was exactly controlled.Silica coatings were prepared on glass and annealed.The films were characterized by ellipsometer and scanning electronic microscope respectively,the effect of Catalytic agent was investigated,the experimental results show that adjusting catalytic agent can effectively effect the structure of SiO2 thin film.

The non-linear differential method was applied to the first-order and second-order differential appoximation. After non-linear grid dividing of radius and refractive index distribution of any multi-layer fiber,the numeralization of Helmholtz equation was obtained.By solving the characteristic matrix equation using Matlab,accurate mode field distributions of single mode fiber and multimode fiber were obtained,and the normalized mode field of five cladding dispersion flattened fiber was calculated.The results show that the non-linear differential method ensures the accuracy,and also improves the computational speed greatly,which lays a foundation for further study of other characteristics of optical fiber.

All-fiber Tm3+-doped fiber laser can be used as the pumping for (Optical Parametric Oscillator,OPO),realizing 3~5 μm laser output.All-fiber Tm3+-doped fiber laser was demonstrated more excellent application prospects in lidar and electro-optical countermeasure.An all-fiber cladding-pumped Tm3+-doped fiber laser using pump combiner and double-cladding fiber is reported.The pump combiner and double-cladding fiber are home-made.Home-made fiber bragg grating(FBG) is used as reflection cavity.The double-cladding fiber is cooling by water.The fiber Bragg grating is directly written in the Tm3+-doped fiber through 45 fs,800 nm femtosecond and a phase mask.The combiner is used to launch the pump light into the Tm-doped inner-cladding fiber.The wavelength of the laser is about 1.96 μm with a slope efficiency of 37% in respect to the launched pump power,the linewidth is narrow only about 72.4 pm.

Transmission characteristics of optical soliton transmission system(conventional soliton,dispersion management soliton) and quasi-linear transmission system were analyzed respectively.Conventional solitons keep the pulse shape by balancing the dispersion and nonliear effect during the transmission,but the timing jitter is severely degraded as the pusles′ high power.Dispersion management solitons solve this problem by using fibers with normal and abnormal dispersion coefficients in turn,which lower the average path dispersion while keep the higher local dispersion.But the system performance degraded rapidly by neighboring channels′ spectrum overlapping as the pulse width is always limited in one bit slot.So dispersion management soliton is proper for single channel high speed long haul transmission.Different with soliton transmission,quasi-linear transmission control the nonliear as a harmful effect,and keep the average path dispersion around zero by strongly dispersion management,so the spectrum width is degraded dramatically,and so do the nonlinear interaction among the channels.As this reason,quasi-linear transmission is suitable for high speed long haul wavelength division multiplex transmission.

Three types of planar waveguides with S-,U- and F-bend waveguide structures have been designed based on Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped aluminum germanate glass substrates of 6×8 cm2.The beam propagation method (BPM) was employed to simulate the designed waveguides,and the efficient internal gains were obtained in the wavelength range of 1 528~1 559 nm.The maximum internal gains were derived to be 7.27,14.06 and 22.55 dB for S-,U- and F-bend waveguides,which were 0.85,7.64 and 16.13 dB higher than the value of straight one (6.42 dB),respectively.These results indicate that the reasonable designing of the waveguide configurations brings perspective in obtaining higher gain on smaller size waveguide substrate.

A compact 10 Gb/s avalanche photodiode (APD) module is developed that employs an integrated micro-electro-mechanic system (MEMS) variable optical attenuator (VOA).The structure and basic characteristics of the 10 Gb/s APD-TIA subassembly are introduced.The performances of integrated MEMS VOA are tested,its attenuation varies with the applied voltage,dynamic range of discrete APD is increased by VOA at least 50% (13 dB),which is an ideal result for the application of Metro dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM),and is also an effective way to compensate signal change in high speed optical communication system.The test results of the optical receiver and the eye pattern of 10 Gb/s APD subassembly are reported,a sensitivity of -26.5 dBm and a clear eye diagram of receiver are achieved.

Resolving power and signal to noise ratio are two key indicators of ICCD system. In order to analyze the influence of resolving power of ICCD, a high resolving power ICCD sample machine and a comparing ICCD sample machine were assembled. The resolving power and signal to noise ratio of two ICCD sample machines were measured in different illumination. The experimental result shows: when the illumination is above 1.84×10－3 lx, the resolving power of the ICCD system is under the influence of resolving power and signal to noise ratio of devices. The resolving power of high resolving power ICCD sample machine is higher than the comparing ICCD sample machine′s. When the illumination is below 1.84×10－3 lx, the resolving power of the ICCD system is under the influence of signal to noise ratio of devices. The resolving powers of two systems are equal.

An example of 8× ratio visible zoom system with mechanic compensator was designed.The focal length and angle of vision of the system were 6.5~52 mm and 6.6°~52°,respectively.The modulation transfer function(MTF) is above 0.6 within the whole focal range at spatial frequency of 75 lp/mm,and approaches the diffraction limit.RMS value of spot diameter was investigated.The cam curves after optimization was given.The system has the advantages of simple structure,high image quality,short zoom path and smooth zoom locus etc.

This article carries on the optical design and the structural design on one kind entire day aircraft-borne star tracker′s optical lens.It uses Cassagrain refraction and reflecting system,and the angular resolution is 2 angular seconds,optical system's energy concentration degree achieves above 90% in a CCD pixel size,the distortion is smaller than 3‰,the biggest spot′s diameter is 7.6 μm,the others aberration also obtain very good adjustment.To enhance the limiting magnitude which the star tracker surveys,designing a light filter control element.This design satisfies the user to the high accuracy stellar guidance system's demand.