Optical manipulation of cells inside living animals can facilitate fundamental studies of structure and function of cells as well as the interactions between different cells, from which physiological insights into the cytopathogenesis and tumor cells migration could be gained. In 2013, we first achieved the goal of manipulating single red blood cells within capillaries in living mice by using infrared optical tweezers. Such an experimental achievement sheds new light on the study of optical manipulation in vivo. In this paper, we present a short review on the techniques involved in optical trapping in vivo, and further provide some examples of biomedical applications of this technology. Finally, we discuss the problems to be addressed for optical trapping through deep tissues as well as the potential solutions, from which more biomedical and clinical applications can be benefited.

Eugenics is our important national policy.Since the promulgation of the second-child policy, the number of elderly mothers has increased significantly, and the incidence of congenital malformations has increased.Traditional prenatal detection methods have some problems, such as high risk of abortion, low sensitivity, time-consuming etc. It is very important to explore a non-destructive, fast, economical and sensitive prenatal detection method. The common birth defects were introduced and the merits and drawbacks among current most-used prenatal detection methods were compared in this review. The characteristics of spectroscopic technologies, as well as their applications in prenatal testing were summarized.Spectral karyotyping, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, SNP allele site analysis, etc. by using fluorescence spectrum analysis method and Raman spectroscopy have been reported in the application of prenatal testing. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), an ultra-sensitive biochemical analytical technology, has been widely used for the detection of biomolecules. The application of SERS spectroscopy in prenatal detection is introduced and prospected.

This study aim to explore the application value of OCT(optical coherence tomography) in the study of osteoporosis model of zebrafish. In vivo evaluation of prednisolone-induced osteoporosis of the adult zebrafish was conducted with optical coherence tomography, and the components of the model’s bone were measured by scanning electron microscopy. A total of 40 adult wild type zebrafish (90 day) were selected for this study. Out of 40 fish, 30 were exposed to 50 μmol/L prednisolone solution, and 10 were set up with 0.5% DMSO medium(ascertained as controls). The zebrafish were kept in our flowthrough aquaria at a temperature of 28 ℃. The imaging of the bone structure using high resolution optical coherence tomography were performed at days 0, 7, 14 or 21 after the prednisolone were induced, comparing their light scattering characteristics. At each time point after OCT imaging experiment, the skull of zebrafish was collected for elemental content analysis by electron microscopy. The osteoporosis model using zebrafish induced by 50 μmol/L prednisolone solution was successfully developed for 20 days. Compared with the control group, the living OCT imaging in the model group showed that the light scattering of the skull tissue was weakened and the photon quantity was significantly reduced, showing an uneven distribution. The results of energy spectrum element examination demonstrated that, the proportion of calcium and phosphorus in bone decreased significantly, indicating osteoporosis and bone loss. The results demonstrated that OCT is an excellent technology in evaluating in the study of the osteoporosis model of zebrafish in vivo, real-time and non-invasive.This experiment also provides a new and effective method for the study of osteoporosis disease and drug discovey.

There are four types of pigment cells in fish, including melanocytes, erythrocytes, xanthophores, and iridocytes. AG1478 is a novel inhibitor against Tyrosinase(Tyr). Tyr is a key enzyme in melanin production and it is specifically expressed in melanocytes. In the paper, we studied the ultrastructural observation of four pigment cells and two different shapes of melanocytes in white crucian. We also investigated the effect of AG1478 inhibitors on the early body color development of white crucian. Our data indicate that the AG1478 inhibitor had few effect on the early body color development of white crucian.

This paper presents a second harmonic photoacoustic microscopy (SH-PAM)for subdiffraction-limited imaging based on nonlinear thermal diffusion. When biological tissues are irradiated by intensity modulated Gaussian laser beams, the temperature field of Gauss distribution is formed by absorbing photons in tissues. Considering the nonlinear photoacoustic (PA)effect caused by the nonlinear thermal effect of thermal diffusivity, the second harmonic photoacoustic (SHPA)signal is generated. The simulation and experimental results show that the lateral resolution of reconstructed photoacoustic second harmonic imaging is higher than that of traditional optical imaging. In this paper, the feasibility of this method is verified by bionic samples, and the imaging of human skin epidermal cells is carried out to prove its imaging ability for biological samples. This method expands the range of conventional photoacoustic imaging, opens up new possibilities for super-resolution imaging, and provides great potential for biomedical imaging and material detection.

ANG4 (angiogenin4), a novel antimicrobial peptide with antimicrobial activity and stimulating angiogenesis function mainly expressed in intestinal tissues of mammals, plays a key role in immune response of animal against pathogens and angiogenesis. Regarding to the multiple functions, ANG4 has a very broad prospect in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases of piglets. To determine the expression pattern of ANG4 in newborn piglet’s intestine, the mRNA and protein levels of ANG4 as well as the cellular localization were analyzed by real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry respectively. The results showed that the change tendency of ANG4 in different parts of the piglet’s intestine was approximately the same. In the same tissue, the expression level of ANG4 gradually increased with the increase of the age of the week, and it increased significantly from the third week to the fifth week. In addition, during the same period, the expression of ANG4 in the ileum and colon was higher, followed by the jejunum, and the expression was lowest in the duodenum. The expression of ANG4 protein is mainly concentrated in the small intestine villi and crypt. The main expression cells are enterocytes and Paneth cells.

To optimize the fluorescence labeling method of pilose anlter extracts (PAEs),PAEs was labeled by two fluorescent probes,fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)and Cyanine 5 (Cy5). Molecular weight of the two fluorescent dyes-labeled proteins was identified by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE). The cytotoxicity of the two fluorescent probes was detected in PC12 cells. To observe their stability in gastric fluids and intestinal fluids, FITC and Cy5 labeled PAEs were dissolved in artificial gastric fluids and artificial intestinal fluids. There was no significant difference between the molecular weight of FITC labeled PAEs and Cy5 labeled PAEs. The fluorescence intensity of FITC labeled PAEs was slightly stronger than that of Cy5 labeled PAEs. Compared with FITC labeled PAEs, Cy5 labeled PAEs was not stable in artificial gastric fluids or artificial intestinal fluids. In conclusion, FITC is well suited to label PAEs for further identification or in vivo study.

To study the association between MICA allelic polymorphism and susceptibility to HBV infection in Hainan population. Polymorphism of MICA alleles in samples was detected by PCR-SSP and PCR method. A total of 10 MICA alleles and 5 MICA-STR alleles were detected in HBV infected patients. Compared with the control group, MICA 010 and MICA-A5 allele may be susceptible to HBV infection.For MICA*010:OR=3.88, 95%CI:2.19~6.85, P=0.000, MICA-A5: OR=1.27, 95%CI: 0.92~1.77, P=0.0068. MICA*008 / 045 genotype may not be susceptible to HBV infection, and MICA 010/010 homozygous genotype may be susceptible to HBV infection.For MICA* 008/045: OR=0.09, 95%CI: 0.01~1.74, P=0.0071; For MICA*010/010:OR=4.41, 95%CI: 1.26~15.46, P=0.0106. MICA allelic polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to HBV infection in Hainan population.

In this experiment, the three key components including cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and the physicochemical properties of different kinds of rice straw were measured and analyzed. The degree of crystallinity and crystallite dimension were measured and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The difference of specific groups were evaluated qualitatively. The difference of surface morphology were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The efficiency of enzymatic saccharification directly or after alkali pretreatment indirectly were analyzed and compared. Compared to the a(conventional rice huang hua zhan), in five different kinds of super rice straws, it comes to the conclusion that the three varieties of b(hybrid rice Y liang you 1)、c(hybrid rice long liang you 2010)and f (hybrid rice Y liang you 143)were appropriate for enzymatic saccharification on the basis of the result of physicochemical properties and enzymatic saccharification.

Scattering medium imaging is an important research direction in the field of biomedical imaging, and has great significance for the diagnosis of biomedical clinical. Combined with speckle correlation method and compressed sensing technology, a scattering medium imaging method is proposed. Compared with the traditional scattering medium imaging method, the method reduces the amount of data recorded by image acquisition and image reconstruction, improves the efficiency of image processing, and reduces the construction cost of the system. The experimental results show that the SNR image reconstruction algorithm combined with the TVAL3 signal reconstruction algorithm and the bispectrum analysis method increases the peak signal-to-noise ratio with the increase of sampling rate. The noise ratio rises steadily, providing an effective solution for the application of scattering medium imaging methods in the field of biomedical imaging.

The microwave-vacuum drying characteristics of Dioscorea opposita Thunb under different parameters such as shapes, blanching conditions, microwave power density, vacuum degree, rotating speed, temperature and slice thickness were studied, and the drying kinetic model was established. The results showed that the slicing methods, microwave power density, vacuum degree, temperature and slice thickness had great influences on the drying rate of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Nonlinear regression fitting of six drying models under different vacuum were carried out and the model parameters were determined. The results showed that the Page model had higher coefficient of determination(R2)and lower residual sum of squares(RSS), and P<0.01, which indicated that the model could accurately describe and predict the moisture dynamics of Dioscorea opposita Thunb during microwave-vacuum drying process.

The efficacy of ultrapulse CO2 laser system was assessed in treating divided nevus of the eyelid. 48 patients who were 1~45 years old with divided nevus of the eyelid were treated by a ultrapulse CO2 laser, with 1 mm spot size diameters with related energies from 60 to 100 mJ and pulse lengths of 1 ms. All treatments were given at 3~6 months interval. After 1~4 times of treatment, 13 cases were cured, all lesions of 22 cases were significantly dissipated, and 13 cases were improved. Several side effects were observed including two cases each of infection,scar and hypopingmentation respectively. The ultrapulse CO2 laser offered efficient treatment of divided nevus of the eyelid and side effects were minimal.

Observation on the effect of point-type linear polarized light point irradiation on the relief of lumbar disc herniation. Forty-four patients with lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into two groups: observation group(A)and control group(B): group A(22 cases) was treated with point-point linear polarized light irradiation and group B(22 cases)was treated with traditional acupuncture. Two weeks and four weeks before and after treatment, the curative effect was analyzed by visual analogue score(VAS)and low back pain scale Japanese orthopaedic association scores(JOA). 1)After treatment, the VAS and JOA value of point type linear polarized light(group A)and traditional acupuncture point(group B)were significantly higher than those before treatment(P0.05). The total improvement rate after JOA treatment was 89 in the observation group and 86 in the control group. Point-type linear polarized light point irradiation has an obvious effect on relieving lumbago and leg pain in patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, and its curative effect is similar to that of traditional acupuncture, and it makes up for the deficiency of traditional acupuncture treatment and expands the scope of indication.

In the present study, high-purity linolenic acid products were obtained by two-pass chromatography of linseed oil with urea-silica gel and cuprous chloride-silica gel. The results showed that linseed oil contained only oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid after urea-silica chromatography. A linolenic acid product with a purity higher than 90% was obtained after cuprous chloride-silica chromatography. Methyl linolenic acid was used as the standard for the external standard quantitative method. The total linolenic acid of the sample showed good linearity in the range of 0.045~0.677 mg/mL. The regression equation was Y=782 59x-686 8(R2=0.999 9). This research will provide relevant theoretical basis and new ideas for the purification and industrial production of linolenic acid.