Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, Volume. 40, Issue 1, 153(2025)

Advances of phase transitions and regulation of two-dimensional α-zirconium phosphate liquid crystals

Mingfeng CHEN*, Bin HUANG, Kaijie ZHU, and Zhengdong CHENG*
Author Affiliations
  • College of Chemical Engineering and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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    Figures & Tables(9)
    (a) Crystal structure of α-ZrP[37]; α-ZrP synthesiezed by different methods, phosphoric acid concentration is 12 mol/L, reaction time is 24 h[13]: (b) reflux method, (c) hydrothermal method, (d) HF method.
    Schematic process of lamellar crystals going through exfoliation by using excess of TBAOH[21]
    (a) Optical image (bottom) and images under cross polarizers (top) of samples; (b) A nematic volume fraction (sample volume occupied by the N phase)- as a function of platelet volume fraction; (c) Oretical platelet volume fraction as a function of polydispersity for the I-N transition; (d) XRD intensities as a function of scattering angle for various volume fractions. From top to bottom: ϕZrP= 0.200, 0.160, 0.100, 0.074, 0.059, 0.054, respectively[62].
    Phase diagrams for discotic systems in volume fraction (ϕ) versus aspect ratio obtained from simulations. (a) General diagram for cut spheres (NVT MC); (b) General diagram for short cylinders (Onsager-Parsons theory); (c) General diagram for oblate hard spherocylinders (NPT MC); (d) General diagram for oblate hard sphero-cylinders (free energy calculations); (e) Volume fraction (ϕ) of the isotropic and nematic (open red volume fraction of the cloud phases) as a function of polydispersity (σ) at fixed aspect ratios of around 0.010; (f) Comparison of the experimental ϕI and φN with simulation data.
    (a) Cross-polarized images of ZrP platelet suspensions 120 h after mixing at different temperatures; (b)Phase diagram of charged nanoplates in the T-ϕ plane; (c) Steady-state profiles under simultaneous gravity and temperature gradient conditions; (d)Time-dependent images of a 2 mm high, 26 mm long capillary containing isotropic sample; (e) Cross-polarizing photographs of aqueous ZrP-PNIPAM suspensions at 20 ℃ and 50 ℃; (f) Fraction of the nematic phase as a function of the platelet volume fraction.
    (a) Polarized light photograph of ZrP platelet suspensions; (b) Schlieren texture of a nematic suspension, Scale bar: 150 μm; (c) Summarized phase diagram; (d) Polarized images of ZrP suspensions (B3 batch) in 20 mmol/L NaCl salt solutions; (e) Evolution of the elastic modulus as a function of platelet concentration at an ionic strength of 20 mmol/L; (f) Autocorrelation functions of varying ZrP at a fixed NaCl concentration and aging time; (g) State diagram as a function of platelet and NaCl concentration[22].
    (a) Schematics of controlled assembly of nanoplates 2D colloidal LCs in two perpendicular external fields; (b) Image of I-N phase-separated sample after homogenization three days; (c) Total birefringence obtained from experiment and calculation; (d) Michel-Levy interference color bands in nematic phase with long-duration sedimentation of nanoplates; (e~g) Measurement of the equation of state from interference bands[78].
    (a) Cell configuration; (b) Microscopic images during electro-optical switching; (c) Kerr coefficient as a function of square diameter of particle for 0.5%(mass fraction) colloids; (d) Cell configuration (top) and microscopic image for cells containing 0.4%, 0.6% or 0.9%(mass fraction) ZrP in acetone at various voltages; (e) Effective Kerr coefficient (KEFF) as a function of concentration for various colloids.
    (a) Detail of the two samples boxed in showing I-I demixing and rephase coexistence; (b) Phase diagram of volume fraction variation of ZrP nanoplates and silica dioxide spheres; (c)Transformed phase diagram; (d) Free-energy landscape for the chemical potential; (e)Schematic of free-energy landscape and the tangential when the volume fraction of ZrP is ϕB; (f) Schematic of liquid crystal droplet with a protective gas layer[71].
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    Mingfeng CHEN, Bin HUANG, Kaijie ZHU, Zhengdong CHENG. Advances of phase transitions and regulation of two-dimensional α-zirconium phosphate liquid crystals[J]. Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays, 2025, 40(1): 153

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    Paper Information

    Category: Self-assembly Liquid Crystal

    Received: Aug. 30, 2024

    Accepted: --

    Published Online: Mar. 31, 2025

    The Author Email: Mingfeng CHEN (chenmingfeng@zju.edu.cn), Zhengdong CHENG (zcheng01@zju.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.37188/CJLCD.2024-0264

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