Fig. 1. Si-MRM system model and simulation design. (a) System-level model of MRR; (b) cross-section of MRM active region PN junction; (c) simulation setup built in VPI Transmission Maker; (d) transmission spectra of MRM under bias voltages of 0 V and -5 V

Fig. 2. Influence of a(t) on performance of PAM4 with different modulation speeds under critical coupling. (a) 64 Gbit/s; (b) 112 Gbit/s; (c) 120 Gbit/s; (d) 132 Gbit/s; (e) 140 Gbit/s; (f) 150 Gbit/s

Fig. 3. Variation trends of resonant peak ER, RoP, and bandwidth in critical coupling. (a) Relationship between resonance ER and OMA; (b) transmission spectra under different a(t); (c) RoP corresponding to different a(t); (d) EO response bandwidth corresponding to different a(t)

Fig. 4. Influence of a(t) on performance of PAM4 with different modulation speeds under critical coupling. (a) 160 Gbit/s; (b) 170 Gbit/s; (c) 180 Gbit/s; (d) 190 Gbit/s; (e) 200 Gbit/s; (f) 224 Gbit/s

Fig. 5. Eye diagrams of signal at max RoP for different values of a(t) under critical coupling. (a)‒(d) 120 Gbit/s; (e)‒(h) 180 Gbit/s

Fig. 6. BER performance when a is 0.75 and t varies under overcoupling state for different transmission rates. (a) 64 Gbit/s; (b) 120 Gbit/s; (c) 140 Gbit/s; (d) 150 Gbit/s; (e) 160 Gbit/s; (f) 170 Gbit/s

Fig. 7. Variation trends of resonant peak ER and max RoP in overcoupling. (a) MRM transmission spectra under overcoupling; (b) enlarged view of results in rectangle in Fig. 7(a); (c) RoP at different values of t

Fig. 8. Eye diagrams of PAM4 corresponding to different values of t under overcoupling state. (a)‒(d) 120 Gbit/s; (e)‒(h) 150 Gbit/s

Fig. 9. BER performance of system corresponding to different values of a with a fixed value of t under overcoupling state. (a) 64 Gbit/s; (b) 112 Gbit/s; (c) 120 Gbit/s; (d) 132 Gbit/s; (e) 140 Gbit/s; (f) 150 Gbit/s

Fig. 10. BER performance of system corresponding to different values of a with a fixed value of t under overcoupling state. (a) 160 Gbit/s; (b) 170 Gbit/s; (c) 180 Gbit/s; (d) 190 Gbit/s; (e) 200 Gbit/s; (f) 224 Gbit/s

Fig. 11. Variation trends of resonant peak ER, max RoP, and bandwidth under overcoupling state. (a) Transmission spectra for MRM under overcoupling state; (b) max RoP achievable for different values of a; (c) EO response bandwidths corresponding to different values of a

Fig. 12. Eye diagrams of PAM4 corresponding to different values of a with a fixed value of t under overcoupling state. (a)‒(d) 120 Gbit/s; (e)‒(h) 180 Gbit/s

Fig. 13. BER performance of system at different transmission rates under weak coupling state when a is 0.75 and t varies. (a) 64 Gbit/s;(b) 120 Gbit/s; (c) 140 Gbit/s; (d) 150 Gbit/s; (e) 160 Gbit/s; (f) 170 Gbit/s

Fig. 14. Variation trends of resonant peak ER and max RoP under weak coupling state. (a) Transmission spectra of MRM under weak coupling state; (b) max RoP achievable for different t

Fig. 15. Eye diagrams of PAM4 corresponding to different values of t with a fixed value of a under weak coupling state. (a)‒(d) 120 Gbit/s; (e)‒(h) 150 Gbit/s

Fig. 16. BER performance of system under weak coupling state with fixed t and varied a. (a) 64 Gbit/s; (b) 120 Gbit/s; (c) 140 Gbit/s; (d) 150 Gbit/s; (e) 160 Gbit/s; (f) 170 Gbit/s

Fig. 17. Variation trends of resonant peak ER and max RoP under weak coupling state. (a) MRM transmission spectra under weak coupling state; (b) enlarged view of results in rectangle in Fig. 17(a); (c) RoP at different values of a

Fig. 18. Eye diagrams of system under weak coupling state with fixed t andvaried a. (a)‒(d) 120 Gbit/s; (e)‒(h) 150 Gbit/s