[1] SUN Y K. Direction for development of next-generation lithium-ion batteries[J]. ACS Energy Letters, 2694(2017).

[2] SU N, HAN J, GUO Y et al. ZIF-8-derived three-dimensional silicon-carbon network composite for high-performance lithium- ion batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 1016(2022).

[3] ZHANG Q, HUANG Q, HAO S M et al. Polymers in lithium- sulfur batteries[J]. Advanced Science(2022).

[4] ZHANG Z, FANG Z, XIANG Y et al. Cellulose-based material in lithium-sulfur batteries: a review[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers(2021).

[5] WU P, SUN M H, YU Y et al. Physical and chemical dual-confinement of polysulfides within hierarchically meso- microporous nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages for advanced Li-S batteries[J]. RSC Advances, 42627(2017).

[6] HUA W, YANG Z, NIE H et al. Polysulfide-scission reagents for the suppression of the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. ACS Nano, 2209(2017).

[7] ZHANG Y, LIU X, WU L et al. A flexible, hierarchically porous PANI/MnO₂ network with fast channels and an extraordinary chemical process for stable fast-charging lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2741(2020).

[8] HAN F, YUE J, FAN X et al. High-performance all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery enabled by a mixed-conductive Li₂S nanocomposite[J]. Nano Letters, 4521(2016).

[9] YU Y, YAN M, DONG W D et al. Optimizing inner voids in yolk- shell TiO₂ nanostructure for high-performance and ultralong-life lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal(2021).

[10] TANG W, ZHANG Y, ZHONG W et al. A labyrinth-like network electrode design for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Nanoscale, 14648(2019).

[11] YAN M, ZHANG Y, LI Y et al. Manganese dioxide nanosheet functionalized sulfur@PEDOT core-shell nanospheres for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 9403(2016).

[12] LI C, LIU R, XIAO Y et al. Recent progress of separators in lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 439(2021).

[13] CUI J, LI Z, LI J et al. An atomic-confined-space separator for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 1896(2020).

[14] BAEK M, SHIN H, CHAR K et al. New high donor electrolyte for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Advanced Materials(2020).

[15] CHOUDHURY S, SAHA T, NASKAR K et al. A highly stretchable gel-polymer electrolyte for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Polymer, 447(2017).

[16] HE B, RAO Z, CHENG Z et al. Rationally design a sulfur cathode with solid-phase conversion mechanism for high cycle-stable Li-S Batteries[J]. Advanced Energy Materials(2021).

[17] WANG Z, SHEN J, LIU J et al. Self-supported and flexible sulfur cathode enabled via synergistic confinement for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Advanced Materials(2019).

[18] WU P, CHEN L H, XIAO S S et al. Insight into the positive effect of porous hierarchy in S/C cathodes on the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries[J]. Nanoscale, 11861(2018).

[19] ZHANG Y, GAO Z, SONG N et al. Graphene and its derivatives in lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Materials Today Energy, 319(2018).

[20] LI C, YU J, XUE S L et al. Wood-inspired multi-channel tubular graphene network for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Carbon, 522(2018).

[21] YANG W, ZHAO H, CHEN L et al. Ferrous sulfide-assisted hollow carbon spheres as sulfur host for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 1040(2017).

[22] ZHE R, ZHU T, WEI X et al. Graphene oxide wrapped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres as a dynamically bipolar host for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 24422(2022).

[23] CHEN H, DONG W D, XIA F J et al. Hollow nitrogen-doped carbon/sulfur@MnO₂ nanocomposite with structural and chemical dual-encapsulation for lithium-sulfur battery[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal(2020).

[24] LI C, XI Z, DONG S et al. CNTs/MOFs-derived carbon/ Al₂(OH)_2.76F_3.24/S cathodes for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 341(2018).

[25] DENG T, MEN X L, JIAO X C et al. CNTs decorated Cu-BTC with catalytic effect for high-stability lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Ceramics International, 4352(2022).

[26] AN Y, TIAN Y, LI Y et al. Heteroatom-doped 3D porous carbon architectures for highly stable aqueous zinc metal batteries and non-aqueous lithium metal batteries[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal(2020).

[27] FAN L, ZHUANG H L, ZHANG K et al. Chloride-reinforced carbon nanofiber host as effective polysulfide traps in lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Advanced Science(2016).

[28] CHEN Y, XU P, LIU Q et al. Cobalt embedded in porous carbon fiber membranes for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Carbon, 187(2022).

[29] ZHENG Y, ZHENG S, XUE H et al. Metal-organic frameworks for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 3469(2019).

[30] CHEN K, SUN Z, FANG R et al. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon anchored on graphene with multifunctional effects for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Advanced Functional Materials(2018).

[31] ZHANG N, YANG Y, FENG X et al. Sulfur encapsulation by MOF-derived CoS₂ embedded in carbon hosts for high-performance Li-S batteries[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 21128(2019).

[32] SHAO Q, LU P, XU L et al. Rational design of MoS₂ nanosheets decorated on mesoporous hollow carbon spheres as a dual- functional accelerator in sulfur cathode for advanced pouch-type Li-S batteries[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 262(2020).

[33] WANG H E, YIN K, ZHAO X et al. Coherent TiO₂/BaTiO₃ heterostructure as a functional reservoir and promoter for polysulfide intermediates[J]. Chemical Communications, 12250(2018).

[34] DONG W, WANG D, LI X et al. Bronze TiO₂ as a cathode host for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Energy Chemistry, 259(2020).

[35] GAO X, YANG X, LI M et al. Cobalt-doped SnS₂ with dual active centers of synergistic absorption-catalysis effect for high-S loading Li-S batteries[J]. Advanced Functional Materials(2019).

[36] ZHOU N, DONG W D, ZHANG Y J et al. Embedding tin disulfide nanoparticles in two-dimensional porous carbon nanosheet interlayers for fast-charging lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Science China Materials, 2697(2021).

[37] LI X, GUO G, QIN N et al. SnS₂/TiO₂ nanohybrids chemically bonded on nitrogen-doped graphene for lithium-sulfur batteries: synergy of vacancy defects and heterostructures[J]. Nanoscale, 15505(2018).

[38] JIANG Y, LIU H, TAN X et al. Monoclinic ZIF-8 nanosheet- derived 2D carbon nanosheets as sulfur immobilizer for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 25239(2017).

[39] WU L, LI Y, FU Z et al. Hierarchically structured porous materials: synthesis strategies and applications in energy storage[J]. National Science Review, 1667(2020).

[40] YUAN H, ZHANG W, WANG J G et al. Facilitation of sulfur evolution reaction by pyridinic nitrogen doped carbon nanoflakes for highly-stable lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 1(2018).

[41] YAN M, DONG W, LIU F et al. Unprecedented strong and reversible atomic orbital hybridization enables a highly stable Li-S battery[J]. National Science Review, nwac078(2022).

[42] YAN M, WANG Z Y, YU G W et al. Adsorption-catalysis- conversion of polysulfides in sandwiched ultrathin Ni(OH)₂-PANI for stable lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Small(2022).

[43] LIU D, ZHANG C, ZHOU G et al. Catalytic effects in lithium- sulfur batteries: promoted sulfur transformation and reduced shuttle effect[J]. Advanced Science(2018).

[44] LIU N, HUO K, MCDOWELL M T et al. Rice husks as a sustainable source of nanostructured silicon for high performance Li-ion battery anodes[J]. Scientific Reports, 3:, 1919(2013).

[45] JING W, ZU J, ZOU K et al. Tin disulfide embedded on porous carbon spheres for accelerating polysulfide conversion kinetics toward lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 32(2022).

[46] YANG J L, ZHAO S X, ZENG X T et al. Catalytic interfaces- enriched hybrid hollow spheres sulfur host for advanced Li-S batteries[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces(2019).

[47] YAN M, CHEN H, YU Y et al. 3D ferroconcrete-like aminated carbon nanotubes network anchoring sulfur for advanced lithium- sulfur battery[J]. Advanced Energy Materials(2018).

[48] FAN L, LI X, SONG X et al. Promising dual-doped graphene aerogel/SnS₂ nanocrystal building high performance sodium ion batteries[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2637(2018).

[49] ZHANG J, YOU C, WANG J et al. Synergistic catalytic effect of ion tunnels with polar dopants to boost the electrochemical kinetics for high-performance sulfur cathodes[J]. ChemElectroChem, 5051(2019).

[50] WU J, CHEN B, LIU Q et al. Preparing a composite including SnS₂, carbon nanotubes and S and using as cathode material of lithium-sulfur battery[J]. Scripta Materialia, 208(2020).