Fig. 1. The principle of PAAM in spaceborne telescopes. (a) Basic principle of spaceborne telescope; (b) Basic principle of PAAM

Fig. 2. Basic circuit structures of (a) voltage driving mode and (b) charge driving mode of PZA

Fig. 3. Displacement response and linearity of PZA under voltage drive

Fig. 4. Displacement response and linearity of PZA under charge drive

Fig. 5. The relationship between Q-U mapping and excitation signal of PZA. (a) Signal amplitude; (b) Signal frequency; (c) Signal waveform

Fig. 6. (a) Voltage-charge mapping relationship and (b) equivalent capacitance variation of PZA under sinusoidal excitation

Fig. 7. (a) Real displacement and theoretical displacement response of PZA and (b) the linearity of both

Fig. 8. PZA displacement response experiment platform block diagram

Fig. 9. Physical diagram of PZA displacement response experiment platform

Fig. 10. Comparison between simulation and measurement of linearity of displacement response of charge-driven PZA

Fig. 11. Comparison between simulation and measurement of displacement response linearity of charge-driven PZA under different signals