Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, Volume. 62, Issue 11, 1127014(2025)

Research Progress on Photon Blockade Effect in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (Invited)

Jing Tang1,2 and Yuangang Deng3、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong , China
  • 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Physics and System Integration Applications, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong , China
  • 3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Metrology and Sensing, School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong , China
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    Figures & Tables(23)
    Schematic of the dressed state energy levels of a single two-level atom-light field system
    Schematic of experimental setup for achieving photon blockade effect [9]
    Schematic of cavity EIT system [89]
    Photon statistics properties induced by cavity enhanced three-body interaction for single photon and single phonon blockade[101]. (a) Single photon; (b) single phonon
    Vacuum Rabi mode splitting with a single photon[109]. (a) Relationship between measured resonator transmission spectra and normalized external flux bias, and corresponding bias current applied to superconducting coil (top axis); (b) normalized resonator transmission; (c) resonator transmission approaching the degeneracy point; (d) vacuum Rabi mode splitting at degeneracypoint
    Localization of photonic crystal cavity modes relative to a single buried QD[108]. (a) AFM topography of a photonic crystal nanocavity aligned to a hill of material on the surface arising from a QD buried below 63 nm; (b)electric field intensity of the photonic crystal cavity mode indicates the location of the buried QD; (c) photoluminescence spectrum before cavity fabrication of a single QD; (d) photoluminescence spectrum from the same QD after cavity fabrication [108]
    Schematic of experimental setup for on-chip nonclassical light generation [24]
    Schematic of strong photon blockade scheme[36]. (a) Photon blockade scheme coupling a quantum dot with a nanocavity; (b) energy level diagram for a quantum dot coupled with the cavity field and the pump field; (c) energy level diagram of the dressed states in a coupled quantum dot-cavity system; (d) transition paths for the quantum interference model
    Unconventional photon blockade[44]. (a) Conventional photon blockade by the anharmonicity of the JC ladder with suppression of two-photon component; (b) two excitation pathways (red and blue arrows) destructively interfere, in the unconventional photon blockade
    Experimental setup and results[45]. (a) Microscope image of the two coupled Nb resonators used to observe the UPB; (b) evolution of the resonance frequency as a function of the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) flux; (c) evolution of |S12|2 as a function of frequency and SQUID flux; (d) microwave setup for measuring UPB
    Schematic of two-qubit cavity QED system with different cavity mode frequencies and qubit resonant frequencies[123]
    Photon blockade combined with Stark frequency shift [46]. (a) Schematic of creation of photon blockade in a cavity with a single three-level atom; (b) typical anharmonic energy spectrum of the system; (c) relationship between vacuum Rabi splitting and optical Stark shift
    Nonreciprocal 1PB in a spinning Kerr resonator[64]. (a) 1PB emerges by driving from its left side (ΔF>0); (b) PIT caused by two-photon resonance occurs by driving from the right side (ΔF<0)
    Experimental results[135]. (a) Schematic of system; (b) 87Rb atomic energy level structure
    Schematic of two PB mechanisms[136]. (a) Hermitian mechanism; (b) NHPB mechanism
    Experimental setup for generating the two-photon blockade[63]. (a) Schematic of single-atom cavity QED system; (b) energy level structure of strongly coupled cavity QED system; (c) energy level structure during cavity pumping; (d) energy level structure during atom driving; (e) vacuum Rabi splitting during cavity pumping and atom pumping
    Experimental setup and experimental scheme[48]. (a) Schematic of the n-photon bunching emitter device; (b) a possible experimental scheme for placing quantum dots in micropillars[48]
    Schematic of the two-photon JC model[158]
    n-photon emission under atom-driven[159]. (a) Intracavity photon number; (b) correlation functions; (c) distribution of g12τ (red-solid line) and g22τ (blue-dashed line) at the two-photon resonance; (d) distribution of g12τ (red-solid line) and g23τ (blue-dashed line) at the two-photon resonance
    Multimode transducer that enables conversion from single photons, two-photon bundles to super-Poissonian photon emission[124]. Contour plots of (a) log[g120], (b) log[g130], and (c) ns as functions of Δc and δ2
    Single-photon, three-photon to four-photon bunching emission in a spin-3/2 JC model[161]. Contour plots of (a) log[g140], (b) log[g150], and (c) ns as functions of Δc and δ; (d) log[g1n0] and (e) ns as a function of Δc; (f) distributions of g12τ (blue line) and g42τ (red line) at the four-photon resonance
    Schematic of energy level structures[157]. (a) Schematic of model and Stokes resonance in the frequency domain; (b) ideal Raman process; energy level structures change in (c) strong coupling region and (d) strong driving (Mollow) region
    Statistic properties of motional two-phonon (left column) and three-phonon (right column) states[62]. (a)(b) Distributions of g130 and g140 respectively, on the ω-δ parameter plane; (c) plots of g12τ (blue line) and g22τ (red-dashed line) at the red square in Fig. 23(a); (d) g12τ (blue line) and g32τ (red-dashed line) at the red square in Fig. 23(b)
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    Jing Tang, Yuangang Deng. Research Progress on Photon Blockade Effect in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (Invited)[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(11): 1127014

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    Paper Information

    Category: Quantum Optics

    Received: Feb. 24, 2025

    Accepted: Apr. 17, 2025

    Published Online: Jun. 17, 2025

    The Author Email: Yuangang Deng (ygdeng@mail.sysu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/LOP250682

    CSTR:32186.14.LOP250682

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