Exploration of Thulium-Doped Fiber Lasers in Lithotripsy <i>in vitro</i>

Yu Lin; Minqiu Liu; Deqin Ouyang; Kefeng Xiao; Yewang Chen; Qitao Lü; Shuangchen Ruan

doi:10.3788/CJL202249.0101015

Chinese Journal of Lasers, Volume. 49, Issue 1, 0101015(2022)

Exploration of Thulium-Doped Fiber Lasers in Lithotripsy in vitro

Yu Lin^1,2, Minqiu Liu¹, Deqin Ouyang^1,2、*, Kefeng Xiao³, Yewang Chen^1,2, Qitao Lü^1,2, and Shuangchen Ruan^1,2

¹Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Precision Manufacturing Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, China

²Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518118, China

³Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, China

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Figures & Tables(9)

Fig. 1. Experimental setup of TFL

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Fig. 2. Output spectrum and power characteristics of TFL. (a) Spectrum of TFL; (b) output power characteristics under different pulse widths and pulse repetition rates

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Fig. 3. Temporal characteristics of modulated pulses under different combinations of pulse width and repetition rate, inserts are the corresponding pulse trains. (a) 250 μs/200 Hz; (b) 500 μs/100 Hz; (c) 1000 μs/50 Hz; (d) 2000 μs/25 Hz

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Fig. 4. Simulated experiment environment of lithotripsy in vitro

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Fig. 5. Ablation changes of calculus under water. (a) Original appearance of calculus; (b) calculus appearance after ablation under water; (c)(d) calculus appearance after ablation in the air

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Fig. 6. Results of TFL ablation in small calculus under different conditions. (a) Original calculus; (b)(c) calculus fragments with parameters of 100 Hz/1000 μs/22 W; (d) calculus fragments with parameters of 100 Hz/500 μs/10 W

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Table 1. Twelve groups of laser parameters
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Table 1. Twelve groups of laser parameters
Pulse repetition rate f /Hz Pulse width τ /μs Output power P /W
200 250 9.53
400 250 20.29
600 250 31.80
100 500 10.20
200 500 21.52
300 500 33.10
50 1000 10.50
100 1000 21.80
150 1000 33.50
25 2000 10.76
50 2000 22.08
75 2000 34.20

Table 2. Measured mass loss of massive calcium sulfate with different laser parameters

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Table 2. Measured mass loss of massive calcium sulfate with different laser parameters

Pulse duration τ /μs	Pulse repetition rate f /Hz	Mass loss in average M /g	Laser power P /W
250	200	0.090	9.53
250	400	0.290	20.29
250	600	0.333	31.80
500	100	0.127	10.20
500	200	0.343	21.52
500	300	0.480	33.10
1000	50	0.273	10.50
1000	100	0.590	21.80
1000	150	0.697	33.50
2000	25	0.280	10.76
2000	50	0.550	22.08
2000	75	0.723	34.20

Table 3. Peak water temperature at the maximum output power
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Table 3. Peak water temperature at the maximum output power
Laser parameter Output power P /W Pulse energy E /J Temperature
T₁/℃ T₂/℃
600 Hz/250 μs 31.8 0.053 28.1 30.8
300 Hz/500 μs 33.1 0.110 28.2 35.5
150 Hz/1000 μs 33.5 0.220 28.2 38.9
75 Hz/2000 μs 34.2 0.450 27.7 41.2

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Yu Lin, Minqiu Liu, Deqin Ouyang, Kefeng Xiao, Yewang Chen, Qitao Lü, Shuangchen Ruan. Exploration of Thulium-Doped Fiber Lasers in Lithotripsy in vitro[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2022, 49(1): 0101015

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