[1] [1] FLITCROFT D I,HE M,JONAS J B,et al. IMI-defining and classifying myopia: a proposed set of standards for clinical and epidemiologic studies[J]. Investigative Ophthalmology & VisualScience,2019,60(3) : M20-M30.

[2] [2] HOLDEN BA,FRICKE TR,WILSON DA,etal. Globalprevalenceofmyopiaand high myopiaand temporaltrendsfrom 2000through 2050[J]. Ophthalmology,2016,123(5) : 1036-1042.

[3] [3] BAIRD P N,SAW S M,LANCA C,etal. Myopia[J]. Nature Reviews Disease Primers,2020,6(1) : 1-20.

[4] [4] COOPER J,TKATCHENKO A V. A review ofcurrentconcepts ofthe etiology and treatmentofmyopia[J]. Eye ContactLens,2018,44(4) : 231-247.

[5] [5] FLITCROFT D I. Thecomplex interactionsofretinal,opticaland environmentalfactorsin myopiaaetiology[J]. Progressin Retinaland Eye Research,2012,31(6) : 622-660.

[6] [6] SAW S M,GAZZARD G,SHIH-YEN E C,et al. Myopia and associated pathological complications[J]. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics,2005,25(5) : 381-391.

[7] [7] LEIL,ZHANG Z. Pattern of myopia progression in Chinese medical students: a two-year follow-up study[J]. Graefes Archive for Clinical & ExperimentalOphthalmology,2013,251(1) :163-168.

[8] [8] SUN J,ZHOU J,ZHAO P,et al. High prevalence of myopia and high myopia in 5060 Chinese university students in shanghai[J]. Investigative Opthalmology & VisualScience,2012,53(12) : 7504-7509.

[9] [9] HOOGERHEIDE J,REMPT F,HOOGENBOOM W P H. Acquired myopia in young pilots[J]. Ophthalmologica,1971,163(4) : 209- 215.

[10] [10] SMITH E L III,HUNG LF,HUANG J. Relative peripheralhyperopicdefocus alters centralrefractive developmentin infant monkeys [J]. Vision Research: An InternationalJournalin VisualScience,2009,49(19) : 2386-2392.

[12] [12] LIU J,LU Y,HUANG D,etal. The efficacy ofdefocusincorporated multiple segments(DIMS) lensesin slowing myopia progression: a retrospective real-world study[J]. Ophthalmology,2023,130(5) : 542-550.

[13] [13] BAO J,HUANG Y,LI X,et al. Spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets for myopia control vs single-vision spectacle lenses: a randomized clinicaltrial[J]. JAMA Ophthalmology,2022,140(5) : 472-478.

[14] [14] KANDA H,OSHIKA T,HIRAOKA T,et al. Effect of spectacle lenses designed to reduce relative peripheral hyperopia on myopia progression inJapanesechildren: a2-yearmulticenterrandomized controlled trial[J]. JapaneseJournalofOphthalmology,2018,62(5) : 537-543.

[15] [15] ZHU Z,CHEN Y,TAN Z,et al. Interventions recommended for myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents in China: a systematic review[J]. The British JournalofOphthalmology,2023,107(2) : 160-166.

[17] [17] BERNTSEN D A,SINNOTT L T,MUTTID O,et al. A randomized trial using progressive addition lenses to evaluate theories of myopia progression in children with ahighlag ofaccommodation[J]. InvestigativeOphthalmology& VisualScience,2012,53(2) : 640- 649.

[18] [18] GWIAZDA J E,THORN F,BAUER J,et al. Myopic children show insufficient accommodative response to blur[J]. Investigative Ophthalmology & VisualScience,1993,34(3) : 690-694.

[19] [19] GWIAZDAJ,BAUER J,THORN F,etal. A dynamicreltionshipbetween myopiaand blur-driveaccommodationin school-aged children [J]. Vision Research,1995,35(9) : 1299-1304.

[20] [20] SMITH E L,KEE C S,RAMAMIRTHAM R,et al. Peripheral vision can influence eye growth and refractive development in infant monkeys[J]. Investigative Ophthalmology & VisualScience,2005,46(11) : 3965-3972.

[21] [21] MAK CY,YAM JC,CHEN LJ,etal. Epidemiologyofmyopiaand prevention ofmyopiaprogression in children in EastAsia: areview [J]. HongKong MedicalJournal,2018,24(6) : 602-609.

[22] [22] MUTTID O,HAYESJR,MITCHELL G L,et al. Refractive error,axial length,and relative peripheral refractive error before and afterthe onsetofmyopia[J]. Investigative Ophthalmology & VisualScience,2007,48(6) : 2510-2519.

[23] [23] BENAVENTE-PéREZA,NOUR A,TROILO D. Axial eye growth and refractive error development can be modified by exposing the peripheral retinato relativemyopicorhyperopicdefocus[J]. InvestigativeOphthalmology & VisualScience,2014,55(10) : 6765-6773.

[24] [24] ERDINEST N,LONDON N,LAVY I,et al. Peripheral defocus and myopia management: a mini-review[J]. Korean Journal of Ophthalmology,2023,37(1) : 70-81.

[25] [25] ATCHISON D A,LIS M,LIH,etal. Relativeperipheralhyperopiadoesnotpredictdevelopmentand progression ofmyopiain children [J]. Investigative Ophthalmology and VisualScience,2015,56(10) : 6162-6170.

[26] [26] LAM CS Y,ANG W C,TSE DY,etal. Defocusincorporated multiple segments(DIMS) spectaclelenses slow myopia progression: a 2-year randomised clinicaltrial[J]. The British JournalofOphthalmology,2020,104(3) : 363-368.

[29] [29] HASEBE S,OHTSUKI H,NONAKA T,et al. Effect of progressive addition lenses on myopia progression in Japanese children: a prospective,randomized,double-masked,crossovertrial[J]. InvestigativeOphthalmology & VisualScience,2008,49(7) : 2781-2789.

[30] [30] JONES-JORDAN LA,SINNOTT LT,CHU R H,etal. Myopia progression asa function ofsex,age,and ethnicity[J]. Investigative Ophthalmology & VisualScience,2021,62(10) : 36.